Antipyretic Effect and Action Mechanism of Jinzhen Oral Liquid

[Objectives]To investigate the antipyretic effect and action mechanism of Jinzhen Oral Liquid.[Methods]The yeast-induced fever model was used to determine the rectal temperature of rats at 6,8,and 10 h after yeast injection.The contents of IL-6 and TNF-αin the rat serum and the contents of 5-HT and NE in the hypothalamus were detected by radioimmunoassay;the model of yeast-induced fever in rat was established by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide(LPS),rectal temperature of the rats was determined,the contents of TNF-αand IL-1βin serum,cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)in hypothalamus were detected by radioimmunoassay.[Results]After the intervention of Jinzhen Oral Liquid,the body temperature of rats in the yeast-induced fever model was significantly reduced,the IL-6 and TNF-αcontents in serum were significantly reduced,the 5-HT content in the hypothalamus was significantly reduced,while the NE content was significantly increased;after 2 h of intraperitoneal injection of LPS,the body temperature of the model rats increased significantly;after the intervention of Jinzhen Oral Liquid,the increase in rectal temperature of LPS-induced fever model rats decreased,and the TNF-αand IL-1βcontents in serum and cAMP and PGE2 contents in hypothalamus of model rats were significantly decreased.[Conclusions]Jinzhen Oral Liquid has a significant antipyretic effect,and its action mechanism may be related to reducing the inflammatory factors in the serum,thereby inhibiting the generation of pyrogenic media in the hypothalamus.

The antipyretic effects of Chai Ge fever relief oral liquid

Backgroud:To verify the antipyretic effect and mechanism of Chai Ge fever relief oral liquid,and to provide evidence for the clinical application of Chai Ge fever relief oral liquid.Methods:By designing three groups of experimental models of yeast-induced rat fever model,endotoxin-induced rabbit fever model,and para-influenza virus-induced rabbit fever model,the antipyretic effect and mechanism of Chai Ge fever relief oral liquid were studied by measuring body temperature before and after treatment and the expressions of protein kinase A(PKA),protein kinase C,arginine vasopressin(AVP),prostaglandin E2 and cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)in hypothalamus after administration.Results:In the yeast-induced fever model of rats,the body temperature and PKA expression levels in different dose groups of Chai Ge fever relief oral liquid were significantly different from those of the model group 1–3 h after treatment.In the rabbit fever model induced by endotoxin,different dosage groups of Chai Ge fever relief oral liquid have obvious antipyretic effect on 1–3 h after the model is established,and can significantly reduce the expression of AVP and cAMP in hypothalamus.In the para-influenza virus-induced rabbit fever model,each dose group of Chai Ge fever relief oral liquid has obvious antipyretic effect on 1–2 h after the model is established.Conclusion:Chai Ge fever relief oral liquid has good antipyretic effect on fever models induced by yeast,endotoxin and parainfluenza by regulating the expression of PKA,AVP,and cAMP.

Antipyretic Effects of Liposoluble Fractions of Viola yedoensis

Objective To clarify the antipyretic effect of the Chinese materia medica, Violae Herba （Viola yedoensis）, and its active fractions by examining the effects of V. yedoensis extracts with differing polarities on body temperature, total white blood cell （WBC） count, WBC differential count, and total serum complement of rabbits with lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced fever. Methods The rabbits were treated with water and ethanolic extracts of V. yedoensis, as well as petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions of the ethanolic extract at low-, mid- and high- doses. The LPS was injected via the ear vein of rabbits in model and treatment groups 30 min post-gavage. Their body temperature was measured at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, and 6.0 h after the LPS challenge to calculate the temperature changes and thermal response index. After the last temperature measurement, blood samples were collected to determine the blood cell counts and total serum complement （CHs0） level. Results Compared with the model group, body temperature was significantly lower in the low-dose ethanolic extract group, low- and mid-dose petroleum ether fraction groups, and all three ethyl acetate fraction groups. Serum CHs0 levels were lower in all treatment groups, except the ethanolic extract groups, than that in the model group, with no significant difference. V. yedoensis had no significant effect on the blood cells of febrile rabbits challenged with LPS for 6 h. Conclusion The antipyretic effects of V. yedoensis are strong, and its active fractions are the petroleum ether and ethyl acetate fractions of ethanolic extract.

ANTIPYRETIC ACTION OF MOXIBUSTION AND ITS RELATION WITH ACUPOINT RECEPTORS

In our previous study, we observed that there was a close relation between the therapeutic effect and the warm receptors (WRs) or polymodal receptors (PRs). In accordance with the most sensitivity of WRs and the thermal threshold value, we used computer controlled projector light at a constant temperature 40°C and 47°C to irradiate (moxibustion) Dazhui (GV 14) and Baihui (GV 20) (it is located between the spines of the 7th lumbar vertebra and the its sacral vertebra in the rabbit) and observed its antipyretic action on fever induced by intravenous injection of endotoxin in the rabbit. Results showed that this kind of moxibustion at 40°C had no significant effect while that at 47°C had a very striking antipyretic effect, indicating that the antipyretic effect of moxibustion is mediated primarily by PRs. This fact also provides an important experimental evidence for moxibustion treatment of heat syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION ON ACPUNCTURE TREATMENT OF CLINICAL SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS WITH DZHUī (大椎GV14) IN COMMON COLD PATIENTS WITH HIGH FEVER

Objective To probe into the effective acupuncture treatment for high fever and other clinical relevant symptoms in common cold. Methods Based on randoming and multi-central clinical trial principle, the included 276 cases were randomized into experimental group （138 cases） and control group （138 cases） in statistics. Electric acupuncture on Dazhui（大椎 GV14） was applied in experimental group and the injection with antondine was in control group. The immediate antipyretic and clinical therapeutic effects were observed in 24 h. Results The body temperatures at different times in experimental group were all lower than those in control group after treatment （P〈 0.01 ）. The scores of relevant symptoms in 3- 24 h after treatment were lower than those in control group （P〈0.05）. The response time （1.42± 1.79） h in experimental group was shorter than that （3.44±5.10） h in control group （P〈0.05）. The response times for chills, soreness of limbs, headach and sweating in experimental group were shorter than those in control group （P〈0. 01 ）. The recovery times for chills and headache in experimental group were shorter than those in control group （P〈0.05）. The systematic therapeutic effects were different significantly between two groups in 24 h （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Acupuncture on Dazhui（大椎 GV14） had achieved definite effects on treatment for high fever in common cold. It released remarkably chills, soreness of limbs, headache and sweating and improved the systematic therapeutic effects on common cold.

Antipyretic and Anti-Asthmatic Activities of Traditional Chinese Herb-Pairs, Ephedra and Gypsum

Objective： Mahuang-Shigao herb-pair is a famous formula composed of Ephedra and Gypsum. The herb-pair is frequently used for treating cold symptoms and bronchial asthma in the clinical practice of Chinese medicine （CM）. In the present study, we evaluated evidence for the benefit of combined use of Ephedra and Gypsum by analyzing the antipyretic and anti-asthmatic activities of Ephedra-Gypsum. Methods： The antipyretic effects of Ephedra-Gypsum were evaluated in yeast-induced hyperthermia test. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, including control group, standard aspirin group, and 3 Ephedra- Gypsum groups of different doses （6, 12, 24 g/kg）. Ephedra-Gypsum extract and asprin were administered orally 6 h after the injection of yeast solution and body temperature was measured every 1 h for 8 h. The anti- asthmatic effects of Ephedra-Gypsum were evaluated using an ovalbumin （OVA）-induced asthmatic rat model. Thirty-six male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups. Rats were alternately sensitized and OVA＋Al（OH）3 challenged by exposure to mists of ovalbumin. Ephedra-Gypsum extracts （6, 12, 24 g/kg） or dexamethasone were administered 45 min prior to the allergen challenge for 8 days. Latent period and the weight of wet to dry ratio of lung were determined. In addition, the eosinophils in blood and white blood cell （WBC） were counted by an YZ-Hemavet Analyzer. Results： The Ephedra-Gypsum extracts at test dose （6, 12, 24 g/kg） significantly and dose-dependently attenuated yeast-induced fever in rats. The Ephedra-Gypsum extracts also prolonged the latent period, reduced OVA-induced increases in eosinophils and WBC, and decreased the wet and dry weight ratio of the lungs in the anti-asthmatic test. Conclusions： These findings indicate that the Ephedra-Gypsum extract has antipyretic and anti-asthmatic properties. Hence, the results support additional scientific evidence in prescriptions.