The safety and effectiveness of a novel Chinese one-shot dilation technique based on stimulated diuresis for percutaneous nephrolithotomy（PCNL） were investigated.After the feasibility of the Chinese one-shot dilatio...The safety and effectiveness of a novel Chinese one-shot dilation technique based on stimulated diuresis for percutaneous nephrolithotomy（PCNL） were investigated.After the feasibility of the Chinese one-shot dilation based on stimulated diuresis was verified by an animal study,this technique was applied in the clinical practice.A total of 67 patients in our department underwent the modified PCNL from July 2014 to June 2015.After the renal infundibulum was distended by stimulated diuresis,the kidney was punctured under the ultrasonographic guidance via the fornix of the target calyx.The working channel was dilated using a special designed pencil-shaped fascial dilator.The successful access rate,nephrostomy tract creation time,pre-and postoperative hemoglobin values and serum creatinine concentrations,stone-free rate and complications were recorded and analyzed.The renal infundibulum was successfully distended in all of the patients by the diuresis treatment.Under the ultrasonographic guidance,the successful access rate was 100% and the mean tract creation time was 2.0 min（range：1.5–5.0 min）.The stone-free rate right after surgery was 91.0%.Although the postoperative hemoglobin was significantly reduced（P〈0.01）,transfusion was not clinically necessary.There was no significant difference in serum creatinine concentrations before and after operation（P〉0.05）.No severe complication occurred during or after the PCNL.It was suggested that this Chinese one-shot dilation technique based on stimulated diuresis is an efficient and safe innovation for PCNL,and is even helpful for those patients with non-dilated pelvicaliceal systems.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the antiasthmatic and antitussive properties of the aqueous leaf extract of Bryophyilum pinnatum {B.pinnatum)(BP) Lam.Methods:Ovalbiunin-sensilized guinea pigs which were treated with BP for 21 c...Objective:To evaluate the antiasthmatic and antitussive properties of the aqueous leaf extract of Bryophyilum pinnatum {B.pinnatum)(BP) Lam.Methods:Ovalbiunin-sensilized guinea pigs which were treated with BP for 21 consecutive days were exposed to 0.2%histamine aerosol in a glass chamber.Mucus viscosity,white blood cell and lymphocyte counts and tracheal wall morphometry were measured.Bouts of cough were counted pre and post acute exposure of extract-treated(X7 d) guinea pigs to 7.5%citric acid aerosol in a chamber.Phenol red expectoration was estimated in mice after 7 d of daily administration of BP.Results:Doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg/day(×21 d) BP significantly increased the time for guinea pigs to experience preconvulsive dyspnoea.BP and salbutamol(0.5 mg/kg/day×21 d) reduced mucus viscosity in the sensitized group to values comparable with controls.White blood cell,lymphocyte counts and tracheal morphometry were not significantly altered.Both doses of BP also significantly reduced the bouts of cough but only 400 mg/kg/day significantly inhibited the amount of phenol red secreted.Conclusions:BP has demonstrated antiasthmatic and antitussive properties in these rodent models.These properties may underscore its use in Nigerian ethnomedicine.展开更多
Objective:To verify through a scientific mean the therapeutic use of the plant as an anti-tussive agent,by traditional medicine healers and also aid in the search for new drugs developments from plants.Methods:The roo...Objective:To verify through a scientific mean the therapeutic use of the plant as an anti-tussive agent,by traditional medicine healers and also aid in the search for new drugs developments from plants.Methods:The roots of Triclisia dictyophylla were investigated for their antitussive properties.The plant was uprooted in the month of June 2003 at Igbodo,Delta State,Nigeria and was taken to the university of Nigeria Nsukka for taxonomy. The roots were chopped,ground and immersed in pure drinking water for 24 hours.After filtration, extraction was carried out using a Rotary evaporator,preliminary phytochemistry and acute toxicity studies were carried out.Antitussive study was carried out using a total of 42 young rats of average weight of 72.2 g.The rats were housed in standard animal house of the university and were allowed access to feeds and water but, were fasted for 12 hours prior to commencement of experiment.Specific and appropriate dosage of the crude extract and Codeine re - dissolved in water were administered orally 30 minutes prior to induction of cough. Cough was induced by exposing the animals to Sulphure dioxide gas for 3- minutes.Coughing was taken as number of Head-nods per minute,Stethoscope aided audible sounds and,or tears secretion.Percentage cough inhibition for crude extract and,or Codeine treated rats were compared with reference to control animals.Results were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 13.0.Results:A 10.2%extraction yield was got from a starting root initial weight of 320 g.The preliminary phytochemistry of the aqueous root extract revealed the presence of alkaloids,saponins,flavonoids,proteins,reducing sugars,steroids,resins fats/oils and glycosides. The Median lethal dose(LD_(50)) based on Lorke's 1983 method was 548 mg/kg The aqueous root extract at concentrations of 10 mg/kg,50 mg/kg,100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg orally administered,inhibited cough in rats induced by sulphure dioxide gas by 16.67%,33.33%,50.00%and 83.33%respectively.While Codeine phosphate,a standard antitussive agent,at oral concentrations of 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg inhibited cough in rats induced by sulphure dioxide gas by 33.33%and 60.67%respectively.Conclusion:Earlier works by some authors had led to isolation of Morhinian Alkaloids from Triclisia dictyophylla thus most probably linking its mechanism of antitussive activity to that likable of Morphine.This study justifies the use of the plant in treatment of cough by Traditional Medicine Healers.展开更多
The title compound 9S,9aS-neotuberostemonine （1） was isolated from the 95%ethanol extract of the roots of Stemona tuberosa. The crystal structure of 1, C22H33NO4, wasdetermined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction an...The title compound 9S,9aS-neotuberostemonine （1） was isolated from the 95%ethanol extract of the roots of Stemona tuberosa. The crystal structure of 1, C22H33NO4, wasdetermined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystal belongs to orthorhombicsystem, space group P212121, with a-9.0115（11）, b = 10.612（4）, c = 22.074（3） A, V= 2110.9（8）S^3, Z= 4, Mr= 375.49, Dc= 1.182 g/cm3, λ= 0.71079 A,μ= 0.080 cm^-1, F（000） = 816, S = 1.019,R = 0.0579 and wR = 0.1358. A total of 3109 unique reflections were collected, of which 2902were observed （I〉 2σ（I））. The absolute configuration of 1 could be assigned by referring to theconserved configuration of the methyl groups at C（13） and C（20）. In the solid state, the moleculeswere linked into a chain along the a-axis through weak hydrogen bond C（ll）-H（11A）…O（2）.Compound 1 shows significant inhibition of cough by 24%, 44% and 65% at doses of 50, 100 and150 mg/kg, respectively.展开更多
Obstructive acute renal failure is both a medical and a surgical emergency. The first treatment modality is urological by relief of obstruction. Post-obstructive diuresis is an abnormal condition of prolonged polyuria...Obstructive acute renal failure is both a medical and a surgical emergency. The first treatment modality is urological by relief of obstruction. Post-obstructive diuresis is an abnormal condition of prolonged polyuria, involving both excessive solute and water loss, after acute drainage of obstructed urinary tract system. Physiopathology mechanisms are multiples. In most patients, diuresis will resolve once the kidneys normalize the volume and solute status and homeostasis is achieved. Post-obstructive diuresis can occur in up to 50% of patients with substantial urinary tract obstruction and can be life-threatening if it becomes pathologic. It can be detected by hourly monitoring of diuresis. Medical treatment of post-obstructive diuresis consists of oral or intravenous fluids adjusted to the findings of clinical examination, diuresis (volume and electrolytes) and close monitoring of patient. Fluid compensation should be tapered off over several days. Patients at high risk of post-obstructive diuresis should be identified and appropriately monitored.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the antitussive and anti-inflammatory effects of Miao medicine Aspidistra caespitosa C.Pei.[Methods]A mouse cough model was made by the SO 2 cough induction method,a...[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the antitussive and anti-inflammatory effects of Miao medicine Aspidistra caespitosa C.Pei.[Methods]A mouse cough model was made by the SO 2 cough induction method,and the antitussive effects of different extraction fractions of A.caespitosa were observed.The inflammation models of acute inflammatory ear swelling in mice caused by xylene,granuloma in mice caused by cotton balls,and footpad swelling in mice caused by carrageenan were made,and the different extraction fractions were used to observe the effects of different extraction fractions on mouse ear swelling,granuloma and footpad swelling.And the levels of interleukin 6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor(TNF-a)in the serum of different groups of mice were detected to screen out the extraction fractions of A.caespitosa with good antitussive and anti-inflammatory activity.[Results]Antitussive experiments on mice showed that the water layer extraction fraction,ethyl acetate extraction fraction and petroleum ether extraction fraction of Miao medicine A.caespitosa could prolong the incubation period of cough in mice and reduce the number of coughs within 2 min to varying degrees,and its different extraction fractions all had different inhibitory effects on mouse ear swelling,granuloma and footpad swelling.Compared with the blank control group,the different extraction fractions could reduce IL-6,TNF-a and other indicators to different degrees.[Conclusions]Ethyl acetate extraction fraction of A.caespitosa has good antitussive and anti-inflammatory effects.展开更多
文摘The safety and effectiveness of a novel Chinese one-shot dilation technique based on stimulated diuresis for percutaneous nephrolithotomy（PCNL） were investigated.After the feasibility of the Chinese one-shot dilation based on stimulated diuresis was verified by an animal study,this technique was applied in the clinical practice.A total of 67 patients in our department underwent the modified PCNL from July 2014 to June 2015.After the renal infundibulum was distended by stimulated diuresis,the kidney was punctured under the ultrasonographic guidance via the fornix of the target calyx.The working channel was dilated using a special designed pencil-shaped fascial dilator.The successful access rate,nephrostomy tract creation time,pre-and postoperative hemoglobin values and serum creatinine concentrations,stone-free rate and complications were recorded and analyzed.The renal infundibulum was successfully distended in all of the patients by the diuresis treatment.Under the ultrasonographic guidance,the successful access rate was 100% and the mean tract creation time was 2.0 min（range：1.5–5.0 min）.The stone-free rate right after surgery was 91.0%.Although the postoperative hemoglobin was significantly reduced（P〈0.01）,transfusion was not clinically necessary.There was no significant difference in serum creatinine concentrations before and after operation（P〉0.05）.No severe complication occurred during or after the PCNL.It was suggested that this Chinese one-shot dilation technique based on stimulated diuresis is an efficient and safe innovation for PCNL,and is even helpful for those patients with non-dilated pelvicaliceal systems.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the antiasthmatic and antitussive properties of the aqueous leaf extract of Bryophyilum pinnatum {B.pinnatum)(BP) Lam.Methods:Ovalbiunin-sensilized guinea pigs which were treated with BP for 21 consecutive days were exposed to 0.2%histamine aerosol in a glass chamber.Mucus viscosity,white blood cell and lymphocyte counts and tracheal wall morphometry were measured.Bouts of cough were counted pre and post acute exposure of extract-treated(X7 d) guinea pigs to 7.5%citric acid aerosol in a chamber.Phenol red expectoration was estimated in mice after 7 d of daily administration of BP.Results:Doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg/day(×21 d) BP significantly increased the time for guinea pigs to experience preconvulsive dyspnoea.BP and salbutamol(0.5 mg/kg/day×21 d) reduced mucus viscosity in the sensitized group to values comparable with controls.White blood cell,lymphocyte counts and tracheal morphometry were not significantly altered.Both doses of BP also significantly reduced the bouts of cough but only 400 mg/kg/day significantly inhibited the amount of phenol red secreted.Conclusions:BP has demonstrated antiasthmatic and antitussive properties in these rodent models.These properties may underscore its use in Nigerian ethnomedicine.
文摘Objective:To verify through a scientific mean the therapeutic use of the plant as an anti-tussive agent,by traditional medicine healers and also aid in the search for new drugs developments from plants.Methods:The roots of Triclisia dictyophylla were investigated for their antitussive properties.The plant was uprooted in the month of June 2003 at Igbodo,Delta State,Nigeria and was taken to the university of Nigeria Nsukka for taxonomy. The roots were chopped,ground and immersed in pure drinking water for 24 hours.After filtration, extraction was carried out using a Rotary evaporator,preliminary phytochemistry and acute toxicity studies were carried out.Antitussive study was carried out using a total of 42 young rats of average weight of 72.2 g.The rats were housed in standard animal house of the university and were allowed access to feeds and water but, were fasted for 12 hours prior to commencement of experiment.Specific and appropriate dosage of the crude extract and Codeine re - dissolved in water were administered orally 30 minutes prior to induction of cough. Cough was induced by exposing the animals to Sulphure dioxide gas for 3- minutes.Coughing was taken as number of Head-nods per minute,Stethoscope aided audible sounds and,or tears secretion.Percentage cough inhibition for crude extract and,or Codeine treated rats were compared with reference to control animals.Results were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 13.0.Results:A 10.2%extraction yield was got from a starting root initial weight of 320 g.The preliminary phytochemistry of the aqueous root extract revealed the presence of alkaloids,saponins,flavonoids,proteins,reducing sugars,steroids,resins fats/oils and glycosides. The Median lethal dose(LD_(50)) based on Lorke's 1983 method was 548 mg/kg The aqueous root extract at concentrations of 10 mg/kg,50 mg/kg,100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg orally administered,inhibited cough in rats induced by sulphure dioxide gas by 16.67%,33.33%,50.00%and 83.33%respectively.While Codeine phosphate,a standard antitussive agent,at oral concentrations of 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg inhibited cough in rats induced by sulphure dioxide gas by 33.33%and 60.67%respectively.Conclusion:Earlier works by some authors had led to isolation of Morhinian Alkaloids from Triclisia dictyophylla thus most probably linking its mechanism of antitussive activity to that likable of Morphine.This study justifies the use of the plant in treatment of cough by Traditional Medicine Healers.
基金supported by Guangdong Key Scientific Project(2013A022100029)Zhongshan Scientific Scheme(2017B1134)
文摘The title compound 9S,9aS-neotuberostemonine （1） was isolated from the 95%ethanol extract of the roots of Stemona tuberosa. The crystal structure of 1, C22H33NO4, wasdetermined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystal belongs to orthorhombicsystem, space group P212121, with a-9.0115（11）, b = 10.612（4）, c = 22.074（3） A, V= 2110.9（8）S^3, Z= 4, Mr= 375.49, Dc= 1.182 g/cm3, λ= 0.71079 A,μ= 0.080 cm^-1, F（000） = 816, S = 1.019,R = 0.0579 and wR = 0.1358. A total of 3109 unique reflections were collected, of which 2902were observed （I〉 2σ（I））. The absolute configuration of 1 could be assigned by referring to theconserved configuration of the methyl groups at C（13） and C（20）. In the solid state, the moleculeswere linked into a chain along the a-axis through weak hydrogen bond C（ll）-H（11A）…O（2）.Compound 1 shows significant inhibition of cough by 24%, 44% and 65% at doses of 50, 100 and150 mg/kg, respectively.
文摘Obstructive acute renal failure is both a medical and a surgical emergency. The first treatment modality is urological by relief of obstruction. Post-obstructive diuresis is an abnormal condition of prolonged polyuria, involving both excessive solute and water loss, after acute drainage of obstructed urinary tract system. Physiopathology mechanisms are multiples. In most patients, diuresis will resolve once the kidneys normalize the volume and solute status and homeostasis is achieved. Post-obstructive diuresis can occur in up to 50% of patients with substantial urinary tract obstruction and can be life-threatening if it becomes pathologic. It can be detected by hourly monitoring of diuresis. Medical treatment of post-obstructive diuresis consists of oral or intravenous fluids adjusted to the findings of clinical examination, diuresis (volume and electrolytes) and close monitoring of patient. Fluid compensation should be tapered off over several days. Patients at high risk of post-obstructive diuresis should be identified and appropriately monitored.
基金Scientific and Technological Research Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine of Guizhou Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(QZYY2017-116)Scientific Research Project of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(GZYKYN[2017]28).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the antitussive and anti-inflammatory effects of Miao medicine Aspidistra caespitosa C.Pei.[Methods]A mouse cough model was made by the SO 2 cough induction method,and the antitussive effects of different extraction fractions of A.caespitosa were observed.The inflammation models of acute inflammatory ear swelling in mice caused by xylene,granuloma in mice caused by cotton balls,and footpad swelling in mice caused by carrageenan were made,and the different extraction fractions were used to observe the effects of different extraction fractions on mouse ear swelling,granuloma and footpad swelling.And the levels of interleukin 6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor(TNF-a)in the serum of different groups of mice were detected to screen out the extraction fractions of A.caespitosa with good antitussive and anti-inflammatory activity.[Results]Antitussive experiments on mice showed that the water layer extraction fraction,ethyl acetate extraction fraction and petroleum ether extraction fraction of Miao medicine A.caespitosa could prolong the incubation period of cough in mice and reduce the number of coughs within 2 min to varying degrees,and its different extraction fractions all had different inhibitory effects on mouse ear swelling,granuloma and footpad swelling.Compared with the blank control group,the different extraction fractions could reduce IL-6,TNF-a and other indicators to different degrees.[Conclusions]Ethyl acetate extraction fraction of A.caespitosa has good antitussive and anti-inflammatory effects.
