Two immunomodulatory polysaccharides(Vp2a-Ⅱ and Vp3) were isolated and identified from Apocynum venetum L. flowers, and their innate immune-stimulating functions and working mechanisms were evaluated in RAW264.7 cell...Two immunomodulatory polysaccharides(Vp2a-Ⅱ and Vp3) were isolated and identified from Apocynum venetum L. flowers, and their innate immune-stimulating functions and working mechanisms were evaluated in RAW264.7 cells. Both the level of released nitric oxide(NO) and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) m RNA were significantly enhanced in the RAW264.7 macrophages cells treated by Vp2a-Ⅱ and Vp3. Vp2a-Ⅱ(100–800 μg/m L) and Vp3(400 μg/mL) could significantly increase the phagocytic activity of RAW264.7 cells and the secretion and m RNA expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in a concentrationdependent manner through affecting mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) activity and nuclear factor κB(NF-κB) nuclear translocation. Vp2a-Ⅱ might activate the MAPK signaling pathways and induce the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65, whilst Vp3 likely activated the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways without influencing the p38 MAPK route.展开更多
[Objective]The aim of this paper was to analyze the feasibility and prospect of Apocynum venetum L.cultivation in coastal salt-affected soils.[Method]The habitat and distribution of Apocynum venetum L.in coastal area ...[Objective]The aim of this paper was to analyze the feasibility and prospect of Apocynum venetum L.cultivation in coastal salt-affected soils.[Method]The habitat and distribution of Apocynum venetum L.in coastal area of north China were studied.A method to integrate the charicteristics of Apocynum venetum L.（Luobuma） with the utilization of salt-affected soils in this region was proposed.[Result]The introduction,domestication and growth of plants on coastal salt-affected soils can realize the protection of endangered wild species,and achieve the purpose of improving soil.The characteristics of Apocynum venetum L.can produce optimum economic and ecological benefits.[Conclusion]The implementation will provide references for the protection and exploitation of wild plant,and it is of positive significance for the integration of soil and plant resources.展开更多
Bound phenolic compounds from the residue of Apocynum venetum(A.venetum)tea were released by alkaline digestion with sonication,followed by extraction using ethyl acetate(EtOAc).The fragment ions of compounds in free ...Bound phenolic compounds from the residue of Apocynum venetum(A.venetum)tea were released by alkaline digestion with sonication,followed by extraction using ethyl acetate(EtOAc).The fragment ions of compounds in free and bound forms were identified by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry(LC-ESI-MS/MS)in both positive and negative modes.Further investigation of chemical constituents in the EtOAc extract led to the isolation of eleven individual compounds,and their chemical structures were identified as(−)-epicatechin(1),(−)-loliolide(2),(−)-syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(3),alloside of benzyl alcohol(4),3-[(6-O-hexopyranosylhexopyranosyl)oxy]-2-(palmitoyloxy)propyl(9Z,12Z,15Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoate(5),apocynoside I(6),quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(7),kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(8),[1-acetyloxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxypropan-2-yl]hexadecanoate(9),1-stearoyl-2-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol(10),and 3-hexene-l-O-β-D-glucoside(11)using a series of spectroscopic methods.Compounds 2–5 and 9–11 were isolated for the first time from A.venetum,while antioxidant experiments showed that compounds 1,7,and 8 displayed strong DPPH and ABTS+radical scavenging activities.This study represents the first investigation of bound phenolic compounds with potential health benefits in the residue of A.venetum tea.展开更多
基金supported by Research on Precision Nutrition and Health Food,Department of Science and Technology of Henan Province(CXJD2021006)。
文摘Two immunomodulatory polysaccharides(Vp2a-Ⅱ and Vp3) were isolated and identified from Apocynum venetum L. flowers, and their innate immune-stimulating functions and working mechanisms were evaluated in RAW264.7 cells. Both the level of released nitric oxide(NO) and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) m RNA were significantly enhanced in the RAW264.7 macrophages cells treated by Vp2a-Ⅱ and Vp3. Vp2a-Ⅱ(100–800 μg/m L) and Vp3(400 μg/mL) could significantly increase the phagocytic activity of RAW264.7 cells and the secretion and m RNA expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in a concentrationdependent manner through affecting mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) activity and nuclear factor κB(NF-κB) nuclear translocation. Vp2a-Ⅱ might activate the MAPK signaling pathways and induce the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65, whilst Vp3 likely activated the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways without influencing the p38 MAPK route.
基金Supported by Key Program of Natural Science in Sichuan Education Department (11ZA042)
文摘[Objective]The aim of this paper was to analyze the feasibility and prospect of Apocynum venetum L.cultivation in coastal salt-affected soils.[Method]The habitat and distribution of Apocynum venetum L.in coastal area of north China were studied.A method to integrate the charicteristics of Apocynum venetum L.（Luobuma） with the utilization of salt-affected soils in this region was proposed.[Result]The introduction,domestication and growth of plants on coastal salt-affected soils can realize the protection of endangered wild species,and achieve the purpose of improving soil.The characteristics of Apocynum venetum L.can produce optimum economic and ecological benefits.[Conclusion]The implementation will provide references for the protection and exploitation of wild plant,and it is of positive significance for the integration of soil and plant resources.
文摘Bound phenolic compounds from the residue of Apocynum venetum(A.venetum)tea were released by alkaline digestion with sonication,followed by extraction using ethyl acetate(EtOAc).The fragment ions of compounds in free and bound forms were identified by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry(LC-ESI-MS/MS)in both positive and negative modes.Further investigation of chemical constituents in the EtOAc extract led to the isolation of eleven individual compounds,and their chemical structures were identified as(−)-epicatechin(1),(−)-loliolide(2),(−)-syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(3),alloside of benzyl alcohol(4),3-[(6-O-hexopyranosylhexopyranosyl)oxy]-2-(palmitoyloxy)propyl(9Z,12Z,15Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoate(5),apocynoside I(6),quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(7),kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(8),[1-acetyloxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxypropan-2-yl]hexadecanoate(9),1-stearoyl-2-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol(10),and 3-hexene-l-O-β-D-glucoside(11)using a series of spectroscopic methods.Compounds 2–5 and 9–11 were isolated for the first time from A.venetum,while antioxidant experiments showed that compounds 1,7,and 8 displayed strong DPPH and ABTS+radical scavenging activities.This study represents the first investigation of bound phenolic compounds with potential health benefits in the residue of A.venetum tea.
