Is physical fatigue one of the major causes of motor vehicle accidents？ Our study results challenged this traditional belief, and indicated that motor vehicle induced whole body vibration （WBV） is the actual cause....Is physical fatigue one of the major causes of motor vehicle accidents？ Our study results challenged this traditional belief, and indicated that motor vehicle induced whole body vibration （WBV） is the actual cause. In this study, rats were subjected to simulated WBV. After 2 weeks all rats were evaluated by multiple physiological tests. Results indicated that WBV for short periods impaired the animal＇s mental judgment capabilities as well as sensory and motor functions. The primary reason for this is that WBV caused vasoconstriction, which decreased the cerebral blood flow as shown by Doppler imaging. This reduction in blood flow impaired the animal＇s ability to run a maze. Nerve functions were affected as well. This was shown by a reduction in nerve conduction velocity （NCV）. An increase in tail flick and Von Frey withdrawal times showed sensory deficits. Grip strength was also reduced. 4F （human apolipoprotein A-I molecule mimetic） conditioning has shown preventive effects against WBV injury as indicated by the above functional tests. This animal model simulated the most common motor vehicle travel vibration and validated the biological cause and mechanism of physiological impairment from WBV, which can be translated into a practical application for motor vehicle accident prevention.展开更多
Various previous studies have found a negative cor-relation between the risk of cardiovascular events and serum high-density lipoprotein(HDL) cholesterol levels. The reverse cholesterol transport, a pathway of choles-...Various previous studies have found a negative cor-relation between the risk of cardiovascular events and serum high-density lipoprotein(HDL) cholesterol levels. The reverse cholesterol transport, a pathway of choles-terol from peripheral tissue to liver which has several potent antiatherogenic properties. For instance, the particles of HDL mediate to transport cholesterol from cells in arterial tissues, particularly from atherosclerotic plaques, to the liver. Both ATP-binding cassette trans-porters(ABC) A1 and ABCG1 are membrane cholesterol transporters and have been implicated in mediating cholesterol effluxes from cells in the presence of HDL and apolipoprotein A-I, a major protein constituent of HDL. Previous studies demonstrated that ABCA1 and ABCG1 or the interaction between ABCA1 and ABCG1 exerted antiatherosclerotic effects. As a therapeutic approach for increasing HDL cholesterol levels, much focus has been placed on increasing HDL cholesterol levels as well as enhancing HDL biochemical functions. HDL therapies that use injections of reconstituted HDL, apoA-I mimetics, or full-length apoA-I have shown dramatic effectiveness. In particular, a novel apoA-I mi-metic peptide, Fukuoka University ApoA-I Mimetic Pep-tide, effectively removes cholesterol via specific ABCA1 and other transporters, such as ABCG1, and has an an-tiatherosclerotic effect by enhancing the biological func-tions of HDL without changing circulating HDL choles-terol levels. Thus, HDL-targeting therapy has significant atheroprotective potential, as it uses lipid transporter-targeting agents, and may prove to be a therapeutic tool for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.展开更多
文摘Is physical fatigue one of the major causes of motor vehicle accidents？ Our study results challenged this traditional belief, and indicated that motor vehicle induced whole body vibration （WBV） is the actual cause. In this study, rats were subjected to simulated WBV. After 2 weeks all rats were evaluated by multiple physiological tests. Results indicated that WBV for short periods impaired the animal＇s mental judgment capabilities as well as sensory and motor functions. The primary reason for this is that WBV caused vasoconstriction, which decreased the cerebral blood flow as shown by Doppler imaging. This reduction in blood flow impaired the animal＇s ability to run a maze. Nerve functions were affected as well. This was shown by a reduction in nerve conduction velocity （NCV）. An increase in tail flick and Von Frey withdrawal times showed sensory deficits. Grip strength was also reduced. 4F （human apolipoprotein A-I molecule mimetic） conditioning has shown preventive effects against WBV injury as indicated by the above functional tests. This animal model simulated the most common motor vehicle travel vibration and validated the biological cause and mechanism of physiological impairment from WBV, which can be translated into a practical application for motor vehicle accident prevention.
文摘Various previous studies have found a negative cor-relation between the risk of cardiovascular events and serum high-density lipoprotein(HDL) cholesterol levels. The reverse cholesterol transport, a pathway of choles-terol from peripheral tissue to liver which has several potent antiatherogenic properties. For instance, the particles of HDL mediate to transport cholesterol from cells in arterial tissues, particularly from atherosclerotic plaques, to the liver. Both ATP-binding cassette trans-porters(ABC) A1 and ABCG1 are membrane cholesterol transporters and have been implicated in mediating cholesterol effluxes from cells in the presence of HDL and apolipoprotein A-I, a major protein constituent of HDL. Previous studies demonstrated that ABCA1 and ABCG1 or the interaction between ABCA1 and ABCG1 exerted antiatherosclerotic effects. As a therapeutic approach for increasing HDL cholesterol levels, much focus has been placed on increasing HDL cholesterol levels as well as enhancing HDL biochemical functions. HDL therapies that use injections of reconstituted HDL, apoA-I mimetics, or full-length apoA-I have shown dramatic effectiveness. In particular, a novel apoA-I mi-metic peptide, Fukuoka University ApoA-I Mimetic Pep-tide, effectively removes cholesterol via specific ABCA1 and other transporters, such as ABCG1, and has an an-tiatherosclerotic effect by enhancing the biological func-tions of HDL without changing circulating HDL choles-terol levels. Thus, HDL-targeting therapy has significant atheroprotective potential, as it uses lipid transporter-targeting agents, and may prove to be a therapeutic tool for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
