Apparent diffusion coefficient values of normal testis and variations with age

The usefulness of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging （DWI） in the evaluation of scrotal pathology has recently been reported. A standard reference of normal testicular apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC） values and their variations with age is necessary when interpreting normal testicular anatomy and pathology. We evaluated 147 normal testes using DWI, including 71 testes from 53 men aged 20-39years （group 1）, 67 testes from 42 men aged 40-69 years （group 2） and nine testes from six men older than 70years （group 3）. DWI was performed along the axial plane, using a single shot, multislice spin-echo planar diffusion pulse sequence and b-values of 0 and 900 s mm-2. The mean and standard deviation of the ADC values of normal testicular parenchyma were calculated for each age group separately. Analysis of variance （ANOVA） followed by post hoc analysis （Dunnett T3） was used for statistical purposes. The ADC values （x 10-3 mm2s-1） of normal testicular tissue were different among age groups （group 1：1.08 ± 0.13; group 2：1.15 ±0.15 and group 3：1.31± 0.22）. ANOVA revealed differences in mean ADC among age groups （F= 11.391, P〈 0.001）. Post hoc analysis showed differences between groups 1 and 2 （P= 0.008） and between groups 1 and 3 （P= 0.043）, but not between groups 2 and 3 （P= 0.197）. Our findings suggest that ADC values of normal testicular tissue increase with advancing age.

Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Mapping Using a Multi-Shot Spiral MRI Sequence of the Rat Brain

Purpose: Commonly used diffusion weighted (DW) imaging such as DW spin echo (SE) type echo planar imaging (DW-SE-EPI) is known to be a snapshot-like acquisition and to have a relatively high signal-to-noise ratio. Spiral MRI sequence (SPIRAL) has characteristics similar to these of EPI, but it has rarely been used for diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). In vivo DW-SPIRAL of the rat brain has almost never been reported. Our purpose in this study was to examine the potential of SE-type two-dimensional (2D) multi-shot spiral acquisition MRI for apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping of the rat brain in vivo. Materials and Methods: We made an SE-type DW-2D-spiral MRI sequence (DW-SPIRAL) which was prepared on a 2.0-T animal-experiment MR scanner. Comparing the phantom experimental result of DW-SPIRAL with the phantom experimental result of DW SE-type echo-planar imaging (DW-SE-EPI) and conventional DW spin echo imaging (DW-SE), we estimated the characteristics of DW-SPIRAL and assessed the clinical application of DW-SPIRAL in an animal experiment on the rat brain. Results: There was not much difference between the calculated water/glycerol phantom diffusion coefficient of DW-SPIRAL and the calculated diffusion coefficient of DW-SE. This result shows that the DW-SPIRAL sequence is appropriate for use in diffusion weighted imaging. There were fewer phantom image distortions and ghosting artifacts with DW-SPIRAL than with DW-SE-EPI, and this tendency was similar in the animal experiment on the rat brain. Conclusion: The DW-SPIRAL sequence had been successfully tested in phantom experiments and rat brain experiments. It has been demonstrated that the DW-SPIRAL sequence is capable of producing in vivo rat brain DWI.

Importance of b value in diffusion weighted imaging for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer

AIM:To investigate the use of multi-b-value diffusionweighted imaging in diagnosing pancreatic cancer.METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed 33 cases of pancreatic cancer and 12 cases of benign pancreatic tumors at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from December 2008 to January2011.The demographic characteristics,clinical presentation,routine magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)features with different b values were reviewed.Continuous data were expressed as mean±SD.Comparisons between pancreatic cancer and benign pancreatic tumors were performed using the Student’s t test.A probability of P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS:Thirty-three patients with pancreatic cancer were identified.The mean age at diagnosis was 60±5.6 years.The male:female ratio was 21:12.Twenty cases were confirmed by surgical resection and 13 by biopsy of metastases.T1 weighted images demonstrated a pancreatic head mass in 16 patients,a pancreatic body mass in 10 cases,and a pancreatic tail mass with pancreatic atrophy in 7 cases.Eight patients had hepatic metastases,13 had invasion or envelopment of mesenteric vessels,4 had bone metastases,and 8had lymph node metastases.DWI demonstrated an irregular intense mass with unclear margins.Necrotic tissue demonstrated an uneven low signal.A b of 1100s/mm2was associated with a high intensity signal with poor anatomical delineation.A b of 700 s/mm2was associated with apparent diffusion coefficients(ADCs)that were useful in distinguishing benign and malignant pancreatic tumors(P<0.05).b values of 50,350,400,450 and 1100 s/mm2were associated with ADCs that did not differentiate the two tumors.CONCLUSION:Low b value images demonstrated superior anatomical details when compared to high b value images.Tumor tissue definition was high and contrast with the surrounding tissues was good.DWI was useful in diagnosing pancreatic cancer.

高分辨MR成像联合ADC值预测直肠癌新辅助放化疗后区域淋巴结转移的价值

目的 探讨高分辨MR成像联合表观扩散系数(ADC)值预测直肠癌新辅助放化疗(nCRT)后区域淋巴结转移的效能。方法纳入青岛大学附属青岛市中心医院2020年5月至2022年5月收治的93局部进展期直肠癌患者为研究对象,于nCRI前、结束时6~8周接受高分辨率MRI T2WI、弥散加权成像检查并在1周内行全直肠系膜切除术。根据术后病理结果分为淋巴结转移组(n=24)和未转移组(n=69)。比较两组nCRT前、后淋巴结短径、长径、ADC值及其变化百分比绝对值(Δ%),分析高分辨MR成像联合ADC值预测直肠癌nCRT后区域淋巴结转移的价值。结果 转移组nCRT前后淋巴结短径均大于非转移组,nCRT前ADC值均小于非转移组(P<0.05);转移组Δ短径%、ΔADC%值均小于非转移组(P<0.05);但两组nCRT前后长径及Δ长径%值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);经Logistic回归分析显示,Δ短径%、MDC%是直肠癌患者nCRT后区域淋巴结转移的独立预测指标;绘制受试者工作曲线(ROC)显示,Δ短径%、ΔADC%单独及联合预测直肠癌患者nCRT后区域淋巴结转移的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.748、0.852、0.879,具有一定预测价值。结论 高分辨MR成像联合ADC值预测直肠癌nCRT后区域淋巴结转移具有一定的价值,其中淋巴结短径与ADC值变化可有效提示nCRT后区域淋巴结转移情况。

Evaluation of diffusion weighted imaging of magnetic resonance imaging in small focal hepatic lesions:a quantitative study in 56 cases

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) as a new technique of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to detect focal hepatic lesions. This study was designed to evaluate the significance of DWI to differentiate focal hepatic lesions less than 3 cm in diameter by the quantitation of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. METHODS:DWI using 1.5T MRI scanner unit was performed with a spin-echo single-shot echo planar imaging (EPI) in 56 cases of small focal hepatic lesions, including hepatocellular carcinoma (11), hepatic metastatic tumor (15 ), hepatic cavernous hemangioma (14), and hepatic cyst (16).The ADC values of these lesions were calculated respectively. The ratios of the ADC values of lesion/liver in hepatocellular carcinomas and hepatic metastatic tumors were also estimated. RESULTS:The mean ADC values (mm2/s) were (0.93±0.06) ×10-3 in hepatocellular carcinomas, (1.09±0.18)×10-3 in hepatic metastatic tumors,(1.95±0.38)×10-3 in hepatic cavernous hemangiomas, and (3.18±0.33) ×10-3 in hepatic cysts. The ratios of ADC values of lesion/liver were 0.90±0.06 and 1.15±0.14 in hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic metastatic tumors respectively, which were significantly different (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:The measurement of ADC values and the ratios of ADC values of lesion/liver are helpful in MR diagnosis and differentiation of focal hepatic lesions.

Correlation of ADC value with pathologic indexes in colorectal tumor homografts in Balb/c mouse

Objective： Noninvasive diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging （DWI） is a well-studied MR imaging technique for quantifying water diffusion especially in tumor area. The correlation between apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC） value and apoptosis or proliferation is not clear by now. This study aimed to investigate whether DWI-ADC value could be used as an imaging marker related with pathologic indexes of tumors. Methods： A total of 3 0 Balb/c mice with HT2 9 colorectal carcinoma were subjected to DWI and histologic analysis. The percentage of ADC changes and the apoptotic and proliferating indexes were calculated at predefined time points. Kolmogorov-Smirnov distances were considered to determine whether the percentage of ADC changes, and the apoptotic and proliferating indexes were normally distributed. An independent-samples t-test was used to analyze the difference between apoptotic and proliferating indexes in the two groups. Results： There was a statistically significant difference in proliferating index between the radiotherapy and control groups （mean proliferating index： 49.27% vs. 83.09%）, and there was a statistically significant difference in apoptotic index between the two groups （mean apoptotic index： 37.7% vs. 2.71%）. A significant positive correlation was found between the percentage of ADC changes of the viable tissue and apoptotic index. Pearson＇s correlation coefficient was 0.655 （P=0.015）. A significant negative correlation was found between the percentage of ADC changes of the viable tissue and ki-67 proliferation index. Pearson＇s correlation coefficient was 0.734 （P〈0.001）. Conclusions： Our results suggest that ADC proliferating indexes in colorectal carcinoma. value may be used in measurement of cell apoptotic and

Differentiation between Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions Using ADC on Diffusion-Weighted Imaging at 3.0 T

Aim: To investigate the diagnostic efficiency of apparent diffusion coefficient value (ADC) in differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions at 3.0 T diffusion-weighted imaging with different pair of b value. Methods: Total 110 patients with 107 lesions (44 benign and 63 malignant) were selected for our study with five different b-values 0, 400, 800, 1200 and 1600 s/mm2. ADC values were calculated using different pairs of b values. The cut-off ADC values and diagnostic efficiency were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic analysis. Comparison of Mean ADC value for breast lesions was determined by using independent sample t test. ROC curves were used for diagnostic efficiency of ADC using different pairs of b values. Results: With increase of b value, mean ADC value decreases. The mean ADC values for benign were 1.73 × 10-3 mm2/s for b 0 and 400, 1.57 × 10-3 mm2/s for b 0 and 800, 1.43 × 10-3 mm2/s for b 0 and 1200 and 1.30 × 10-3 mm2/s for b 0 and 1600 s/mm2. The mean ADC values for the malignant breast lesion were 1.21 × 10-3 mm2/s for b 0 and 400, 1.06 × 10-3 mm2/s for b 0 and 800, 0.94 × 10-3 mm2/s for b 0 and 1200 and 0.86 × 10-3 mm2/s for b 0 and 1600 s/mm2. ADC diagnostic efficiency for benign and malignant lesion for all the pair of b value combination was significant (p > 0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy were 80.95%, 90.9%, 92.72%, 76.92%, 85.04% for b 0 and 400;84.12%, 90.9%, 92.98%, 80%, 86.91% for b 0 and 800;84.12%, 90.9%, 92.98%, 80%, 86.91% for b 0 and 1200;84.12%, 90.9%, 92.98%, 80%, 86.91% for b 0 and 1600 s/mm2 respectively. Conclusion: DWI is effective in differentiating benign and malignant breast lesion at 3.0 Tesla using ADC with higher b value combination.

DWI序列ADC值鉴别前列腺良恶性局灶性病变的价值

目的:探讨弥散加权成像(DWI)序列表观弥散系数(ADC)值鉴别前列腺良恶性局灶性病变的价值。方法:选取2019年1月至2022年11月在我院治疗的前列腺带病变患者105例,其中恶性病变患者59例,良性病变患者46例,分析良恶性病灶ADC值差异,同时分析ADC值与恶性病变临床病理的关系。结果:恶性病灶ADC值为(0.81±0.13)×10^(-3)mm^(2)/s,低于良性病灶(P<0.05);中高危病灶ADC值为(0.75±0.16)×10^(-3)mm^(2)/s,低于低危病灶(P<0.05);临床分期C期和D期病灶ADC值分别为(0.76±0.15)×10^(-3)mm^(2)/s和(0.72±0.14)×10^(-3)mm^(2)/s,低于B期病灶(P<0.05);不同年龄、体质量指数、病灶直径、病理类型组ADC值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);恶性病灶ADC值与Gleason评分呈负相关(r=-0.343,P<0.05);ADC值判断恶性病灶的ROC曲线下面积为0.912(95%CI:0.839~0.986),P<0.05,截断值为0.99×10^(-3)mm^(2)/s,其灵敏性和特异性分别为86.10%和92.80%。结论:DWI序列ADC值鉴别前列腺良恶性局灶性病变有较高的诊断价值,同时ADC值与严重程度、临床分期有关。

Relative apparent diffusion coefficient： a promising tool to differentiate metastatic from benign lymph nodes in animal models

Background Diffusion-weighted imaging has been widely used to differentiate the character of lymphadenopathy. But there are significant differences between prior studies. The aim of the study was to compare the benefit of apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC） and rADC in the differentiation of metastatic and benign lymph nodes in a rabbit model. Methods Two observers independently measured ADCs in quadriceps of every rabbit on diffusion-weighted images with different sizes of regions of interest （ROI）. The appropriate ROI for rADC was determined using the interobserver coefficient, rADC was calculated by AOClesion/AOCreference site- Receiver operating characteristics （ROC） analysis was performed to compare the diagnostic value of the ADC values and rADC values in differentiating metastatic from benign lymph nodes. Results When the ROIs included five pixels, the ICC was 0.816, indicating a good interobserver agreement. The differences of ADC and rADC values between metastatic and benign lymph nodes were both statistically significant. The area under the ROC curve was greater for the rADC than for the ADC. With the rADC criteria of 0.640, the sensitivity and specificity for differentiating metastatic from benign lymph nodes were 93% and 90%, respectively. Conclusion As a reference site, muscles reveal a good repeatability using a small ROI and the rADC may improve diagnostic accuracy for detecting metastatic nodes in animal models.

T_(2)WI联合DWI用于直肠癌的诊断、术前分期效能及rADC、ADC值与患者临床特征的相关性

目的探析T2加权成像(T_(2)WI)联合扩散加权成像(DWI)用于直肠诊断及术前分期的效能及其相对表观扩散系数(rADC)、表观扩散系数(ADC)值与患者临床特征的相关性。方法选择疑似直肠癌患者212例,其中男性118例,女性94例;年龄42~83岁,平均年龄60.93岁;病程3个月~10年,平均病程5.64年。均行T_(2)WI联合DWI检查,以患者最终病理诊断结果为标准,计算T_(2)WI联合DWI对直肠癌的诊断效能,进行T、N分期诊断;以最终病理诊断结果为依据,计算其T、N分期诊断效能,并进行一致性检验;观察不同临床特征的患者间rADC、ADC值差异,绘制受试者工作特性(ROC)曲线,计算rADC、ADC值对直肠癌的诊断效能。结果术后病理诊断恶性172例,良性40例。T1期、T2期、T3期、T4期分别为8例、35例、31例、6例,N0期、N1期、N2期分别为37例、22例、21例。T_(2)WI联合DWI诊断直肠癌的准确度为92.45%,灵敏度为93.02%,特异度为90.00%;分期诊断中T1期、T2期、T3期、T4期诊断准确度为95.00%、93.75%、96.26%、95.00%,灵敏度为75.00%、94.12%、93.55%、71.43%,特异度为97.22%、95.65%、95.92%、97.26%。一致性检验显示T_(2)WI联合DWI与病理诊断结果的T分期诊断一致性较好(Kappa=0.863,P=0.000);N分期诊断中N0期、N1期、N2期诊断准确度分别为93.75%、90.00%、96.25%,灵敏度分别为94.59%、77.27%、95.24%,特异度分别为93.02%、94.83%、96.61%,一致性检验提示T_(2)WI联合DWI与病理诊断的N分期诊断一致性较好(Kappa=0.844,P=0.000);病变特征与rADC、ADC分析中,恶性病变rADC、ADC显著低于良性病变(0.84±0.09 vs 1.18±0.12、0.93±0.11 vs 1.39±0.11。P<0.05)。腺癌rADC、ADC显著高于黏液腺癌(0.89±0.11 vs 0.75±0.09、0.97±0.14 vs 0.83±0.11。P<0.05)。不同分化程度患者间rADC、ADC从高至低依次为高分化、中分化、低分化(rADC:0.95±0.16 vs 0.82±0.10 vs 0.72±0.08;ADC:1.05±0.17 vs 0.911±0.14 vs 0.81±0.09。P<0.05)。ADC诊断直肠癌AUC为0.987,灵敏度为92.44%,特异度为97.50%(P<0.001);rADC诊断结直肠癌AUC为0.941,灵敏度为92.44%,特异度为87.50%(P<0.001)。结论T_(2)WI联合DWI诊断直肠癌具有良好的诊断效能,且其术前T、N分期准确度高,与病理诊断一致性较好。rADC、ADC值在不同良恶性肿瘤、不同分化等级肿瘤、不同病理类型肿瘤间存显著差异,可作为良恶性及肿瘤分化程度的诊断依据。

子宫内膜癌肿瘤体积与子宫体积比值联合肿瘤ADC值对病理分级的预测价值

目的探讨子宫内膜癌(EC)肿瘤体积与子宫体积比值(N/U)联合肿瘤表观扩散系数(ADC)值对EC病理分级的预测价值。方法回顾性分析2020年7月至2023年1月收治的107例EC患者的资料,所有患者术前均进行了磁共振(MRI)检查,将病理学诊断作为金标准。将低分化患者纳入高级别组,中、高分化纳入低级别组。分析影响EC患者病理分级的因素,分析MRI指标预测EC患者病理分级的价值。结果手术病理检测显示高级别患者24例,低级别患者83例。Logistic多因素回归分析显示:N/U、ADC、rADC闭孔内肌是影响EC患者病理分级的因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示,N/U、ADC、rADC_(闭孔内肌)及三者联合预测EC患者病理分级的灵敏度分别为70.83%、75.00%、79.17%、83.33%,特异度分别为71.08%、79.52%、78.31%、85.54%,AUC分别为0.734、0.756、0.741、0.891。结论N/U、ADC、rADC_(闭孔内肌)三者联合预测EC患者术前病理分级效能良好。

前列腺癌患者MRI特征预测成骨性与非成骨性骨转移的价值

目的探讨前列腺癌患者MRI特征在成骨性和非成骨性骨转移情况下的差异,并评估其对临床结果的预测价值。方法回顾性分析2014年3月至2023年10月在上海市浦东新区人民医院确诊为前列腺癌并合并骨转移的63例患者的完整前列腺MRI检查及临床资料。根据CT图像的骨转移类型将其分为成骨性组(n=50)和非成骨性组(n=13)。比较两组患者的Gleason评分、前列腺特异性抗原密度(PSAD)、归一化平均表观扩散系数(nmADC)、归一化T2信号强度(nT2SI)以及前列腺影像报告和数据系统(PI-RADS)评分,采用多因素Logistic回归分析非成骨性骨转移的相关影响因素。结果非成骨性组患者的PSAD及nT2SI分别为[21.2(7.6,30.4)]ng/(mL·cm^(3))、3.2±0.7,明显高于成骨性组的[3.5(1.0,29)]ng/(mL·cm^(3))、2.5±0.6,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);非成骨性组患者的nmADC、Gleason评分、PI-RADS评分分别为0.74(0.68,1.1)、9(8~9)分、5(4~5)分,与成骨性组的0.90(0.61,1.0)、8(6~10)分、5(3~5)分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);经多变量Logistic回归分析结果显示,nT2SI是预测非成骨性骨转移的独立预测因子(优势比OR为3.22,95%可信区间为1.78~4.92)。结论前列腺癌非成骨性骨转移患者具有较高的nT2SI和PSAD,提示具有高nT2SI和PSAD的前列腺癌患者应该接受溶骨性骨转移的相关检查。

ADC值在鉴别血管外皮细胞瘤与脑膜瘤中的应用

目的:回顾性总结颅内血管外皮细胞瘤(HPC)的影像学特点,探究弥散加权成像及ADC值在鉴别血管外皮细胞瘤及不同亚型脑膜瘤中的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析从2008年12月到2014年8月期间我院收治的15例颅内血管外皮细胞瘤及126例脑膜瘤,测量肿瘤实性部分及对侧正常白质ADC值,对肿瘤组织平均ADC值(m ADC)及标化ADC值(NADC)即肿瘤组织ADC/对侧正常白质ADC进行统计学分析。结果:本组HPC病例的m ADC及NADC值分别高于上皮型、纤维型、过渡型、砂砾型、非典型及间变型脑膜瘤且其差值分别具有统计学意义(P<0.05),而HPC与血管瘤型脑膜瘤之间的m ADC及NADC差值无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:ADC值在血管外皮细胞瘤与脑膜瘤的鉴别诊断,尤其是与恶性脑膜瘤的鉴别中有着重要的临床意义。

^(18)F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT与mp-MRI对前列腺癌的检测效能及与病理分级的相关性研究

目的探讨18氟标记前列腺特异性膜抗原-1007正电子发射计算机体层摄影(fluorine-18 prostate specific membrane antigen 1007-positron emission tomography/computed tomography,^(18)F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT)与多参数磁共振成像(multi-parameter magnetic resonance imaging,mp-MRI)单独及联合对前列腺癌(prostate cancer,PCa)的检测效能,并比较最大标准化摄取值(maximum standardized uptake value,SUV_(max))、表观弥散系数(apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC)、SUV_(max)/ADC、T1、T2、质子密度(proton density,PD)值与PCa病理分级的相关性。材料与方法回顾性分析我院2020年4月至2022年9月疑似PCa并拟行穿刺活检或手术的患者病例,最终50例患者被纳入研究,其中42例确诊PCa。按照国际泌尿病理协会(International Society of Urological Pathology,ISUP)分级共分为5组,包括中高级别组(分级≥4)25例和低级别组(分级1~3)17例,比较不同分组的SUV_(max)、ADC及SUV_(max)/ADC的差异。采用Spearman相关分析SUV_(max)、ADC、SUV_(max)/ADC、T1、T2、PD值之间的相关性及分别与ISUP分级的相关性。以病理为金标准,分析^(18)F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT与mp-MRI单独及联合对前列腺良恶性的检测效能。绘制受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)并计算曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)、敏感度和特异度,评价SUV_(max)、ADC、SUV_(max)/ADC及联合参数诊断效能,通过DeLong检验比较AUC间的差异。结果PCa高级别组与低级别组的ADC值、SUV_(max)、SUV_(max)/ADC差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。50例患者的ADC值与SUV_(max)呈负相关性(r=-0.516,P<0.05),42例确诊PCa患者的ADC值与ISUP分级呈负相关(r=-0.616,P<0.05),SUV_(max)、SUV_(max)/ADC与ISUP分级呈正相关(r=0.549、0.639,P均<0.05)。20例完成定量磁共振图像编译(magnetic resonance image compilation,MAGiC)序列患者T1、T2、PD值与ISUP分级无相关性(r=0.045、0.202、0.028,P均>0.05);T1、T2值与ADC值呈正相关(r=0.616,r=0.756,P均<0.05),PD值与ADC值呈负相关(r=-0.506,P<0.05)。SUV_(max)与T1、T2、PD值没有明显相关性(r=-0.132,r=-0.422,r=0.230,P均>0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,SUV_(max)的AUC为0.940,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),以7.80为临界值,诊断PCa的敏感度为83.33%,特异度为100.00%;ADC值的AUC为0.970,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),以1.20×10^(-3)mm^(2)/s为临界值,诊断PCa的敏感度为95.24%,特异度为87.50%;SUV_(max)/ADC的AUC为0.970,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),以6.43×10^(3)为临界值,诊断PCa的敏感度为90.48%,特异度为100%;SUV_(max)和ADC联合的AUC为0.976,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),以0.85为临界值,诊断PCa的敏感度为90.48%,特异度为100.00%。结论联合^(18)F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT与mp-MRI可以提高对PCa的诊断效能;ADC值、SUV_(max)及SUV_(max)/ADC能够区分低危与中高危PCa。

TIC类型及ADC值在乳腺疾病中的诊断价值

目的探讨MR动态增强曲线(TIC)类型和弥散表观系数(ADC)值在乳腺疾病中的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析2008年5月至2014年5月间经病理证实的107例乳腺疾病女性患者的临床资料,对病灶进行TIC类型分析及其ADC值的测量,并与对侧乳腺的相应正常区域做对照,探讨TIC类型与ADC值在乳腺癌病理分级中的诊断价值。结果 108个乳腺病灶经病理证实良性病变49例,恶性病变59例,其中36例具有病理分级。良性病变曲线分布Ⅰ型33例、Ⅱ型8例、Ⅲ型8例,恶性病变曲线分布Ⅰ型12例、Ⅱ型14例、Ⅲ型33例,乳腺癌Ⅰ级8例、Ⅱ级21例、Ⅲ级7例,TIC类型分布在乳腺良恶性病灶间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),在乳腺癌病理分级间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。正常乳腺与不同病理分级乳腺癌ADC值多组间两两比较,正常乳腺组织ADC值为(1.89±0.061)×10-3mm2/s,乳腺癌病理组织Ⅰ级为(1.09±0.122)×10-3mm2/s,乳腺癌病理组织Ⅱ级为(0.579±0.067)×10-3mm2/s,乳腺癌病理组织Ⅲ级为(0.203±0.648)×10-3mm2/s,各组间比较差异均有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。乳腺癌病理组织学分级与其呈负相关(r=-0.969,P=0.000)。结论 TIC类型对乳腺良恶性病变鉴别诊断具有重要应用价值,乳腺癌的ADC值可以预测乳腺癌的恶性程度,但MR动态增强曲线类型对乳腺癌病理分级的预测有一定难度。

婴幼儿肾脏扩散加权成像b值和ADC值研究

目的探讨正常婴幼儿肾脏MRI扩散加权成像(DWI)扫描的最优b值。方法将30例4个月-23个月健康婴幼儿分成4组,分别以4种最大b值500s/mm2、700s/mm2、1000s/mm2和1500s/mm2行肾脏DWI序列扫描。使用随机区组方差分析,对四组肾实质的DWI图像质量评分、肾实质信号强度(SI)、信噪比(SNR)和在ADC图上测量的肾脏ADC值进行比较,P<0.05有统计学意义。结果四组b值下肾脏DWI图像质量、SI、SNR及ADC值的差异具有统计学意义。结论婴幼儿肾脏DWI检查最优b值为700s/mm2,灌注对扩散的影响相对较小,图像质量能够满足诊断要求,此时正常肾实质ADC值为(1.61±0.05)×10-3mm2/s。

弥散磁共振成像观察实验性脑梗死ADC值的变化

目的 用弥散磁共振成像观察实验性脑梗死灶水表面弥散系数 (apparentdiffusioncoefficient,ADC)值的变化。方法 用 60只SD大鼠行易卒中型肾血管性高血压 (RHRSP)模型 ,在术后 1 0周按Longa’s方法改良行左侧大脑中动脉闭塞 (MCAO)术。分别在闭塞 1 2h内的不同时间点及再灌注 48h后行T2加权成像 (T2WI)、磁共振弥散加权成像 (DWI) ,完成检查后将大鼠处死行TTC染色 ,比较在闭塞不同的时间点上在两次T2WI和DWI上病灶的演变和ADC值的改变。结果 缺血中心区的ADC值为 ( 0 45± 0 0 1 )× 1 0 - 5cm2 /s,半暗带为 ( 0 5 6± 0 0 2 )× 1 0 - 5cm2 /s,对侧平均值为 ( 0 66± 0 0 2 )× 1 0 - 5cm2 /s,相邻正常信号组织平均值为 ( 0 65± 0 0 3)× 1 0 - 5cm2 /s,经方差分析表明 ,前三者相互之间比较均有显著性差异 (P <0 0 0 1 ) ,而后两者之间比较无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ;再灌注 48h后 ,在 3h内复流各组梗死灶的平均ADC值为 ( 0 65± 0 0 2 )× 1 0 - 5cm2 /s ,与相邻正常信号组织相比无显著性差异 (P>0 0 5 )。而在 6h后复流各组的平均ADC值为 ( 0 70± 0 0 3)× 1 0 - 5cm2 /s,与相邻正常信号组织相比有显著性差异(P <0 0 5 )。结论 实验性MCAO 1 2h内缺血或梗死灶的ADC值降低 。

ADC值鉴别肺部良恶性病变的价值及b值的优化

目的探讨DWI表观扩散系数(apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC)值对鉴别肺部良、恶性病变的价值及b值优化。方法对82例肺部结节或肿块行常规MRI和DWI检查,分别测量b值为300、500、800s/mm2时的病变ADC值。比较同一b值下良、恶性病变ADC值的差异。根据受试者工作特征曲线(r e c e i v e o p e r a t i n g characteristic curve,ROC)评价不同b值下ADC值鉴别肺部良恶性病变的诊断效能。结果 82个病例中恶性病变54例,良性病变28例。不同b值下恶性病变的平均AD均值均明显小于良性病变平均ADC值,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。b值取300、500、800s/mm2,AUC分别为0.806,0.838,0.826,均有诊断意义(AUC>0.5);其中b=500s/mm2时ADC值诊断效能最高,ADC阈值为1.492×10-3mm2/s,其敏感度、特异度、准确度分别为88.9%、78.6%、85.92%。结论 ADC值有助于鉴别肺部良恶病变,b值取500s/mm2时诊断效能较高。

CT血管造影联合表观弥散系数全域直方图评估宫颈癌新辅助化疗效果的价值分析

目的:分析CT血管造影(CTA)联合表观弥散系数(ADC)全域直方图评估宫颈癌新辅助化疗效果的价值。方法:选取2021年7月至2022年10月喀什地区第一人民医院收治的40例术前新辅助化疗的宫颈癌患者,所有患者均在化疗前1 d和化疗结束后1 d行CTA、ADC全域直方图检查,比较CTA参数血容量(BV)、血流量(BF)、表面通透性(PS)以及平均通过时间(MTT),ADC全域直方图定量参数ADC值水平。结果:40例宫颈癌患者中新辅助化疗有效28例,无效12例。化疗后ADC值水平高于化疗前,BV、BF及PS水平低于化疗前,MTT水平高于化疗前,差异有统计学意义(t=9.558、8.283、7.852、7.302、18.480,P<0.05)。与新辅助化疗有效患者相比,新辅助化疗无效患者ADC值水平较低,BV、BF、PS水平较高,MTT水平较低(t=2.988、6.654、3.767、7.851、6.237,P<0.05)。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析显示,两项联合预测宫颈癌新辅助化疗无效的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)高于CT血管造影、ADC全域直方图单项检测,AUC分别为0.905、0.839、0.729。结论:宫颈癌新辅助化疗后ADC值和MTT水平升高,BV、BF及PS水平降低,且化疗有效患者ADC值、MTT水平高于无效患者,BV、BF及PS水平低于无效患者,CTA联合ADC全域直方图对宫颈癌新辅助化疗无效的预测价值较高。

正常腹部实质脏器磁共振弥散加权成像ADC值和b值研究

目的:探讨PHILIPSGyroscanIntera1.5TMRI成像仪正常腹部实质脏器表观弥散系数(ADC)值范围并研究适合本扫描仪腹部弥散加权成像的最佳b值。材料和方法:对30例健康志愿者行磁共振弥散加权成像。在ADC图上直接测量ADC值。结果:所有检查均一次成功得到弥散加权成像(DWI)和ADC图。正常肝脏、胰腺、肾脏、脾脏在b值分别为300、1000、1500s/mm2时的ADC值分别为(10-3mm2/s)1.520±0.169、1.937±0.370、2.632±0.258、1.163±0.188,1.200±0.132、1.484±0.272、2.016±0.178、0.840±0.117,1.068±0.118、1.321±0.149、1.659±0.169、0.747±0.102。不同b值时同一脏器ADC值有统计学差异;四种实质性脏器在同一b值时ADC值有统计学差异。结论:正常腹部不同脏器的ADC值有明显差异。腹部弥散加权成像的b值为300s/mm2和1000s/mm2时,DWI和ADC图像可以互相补充。