Machine Learning With Data Assimilation and Uncertainty Quantification for Dynamical Systems:A Review

Data assimilation(DA)and uncertainty quantification(UQ)are extensively used in analysing and reducing error propagation in high-dimensional spatial-temporal dynamics.Typical applications span from computational fluid dynamics(CFD)to geoscience and climate systems.Recently,much effort has been given in combining DA,UQ and machine learning(ML)techniques.These research efforts seek to address some critical challenges in high-dimensional dynamical systems,including but not limited to dynamical system identification,reduced order surrogate modelling,error covariance specification and model error correction.A large number of developed techniques and methodologies exhibit a broad applicability across numerous domains,resulting in the necessity for a comprehensive guide.This paper provides the first overview of state-of-the-art researches in this interdisciplinary field,covering a wide range of applications.This review is aimed at ML scientists who attempt to apply DA and UQ techniques to improve the accuracy and the interpretability of their models,but also at DA and UQ experts who intend to integrate cutting-edge ML approaches to their systems.Therefore,this article has a special focus on how ML methods can overcome the existing limits of DA and UQ,and vice versa.Some exciting perspectives of this rapidly developing research field are also discussed.Index Terms-Data assimilation(DA),deep learning,machine learning(ML),reduced-order-modelling,uncertainty quantification(UQ).

AP assembled on ultrafine aluminum particle and its application to NEPE propellant

Coating modification is an important way to enhance the reactivity of aluminum powder.In this paper,ammonium perchlorate and aluminum powder were assembled into energetic microunits by liquid deposition method.Spherical particles with AP as shell and ultrafine aluminum powder as the core(Al@AP)were gained.The micromorphology results show that the coated particles are about 5μm,and the coating layer is evenly distributed on the outer surface of aluminum powder,indicating a complete coating.The energetic microunits were implanted into the nitrate ester plasticizing adhesive system(NEPE)as solid phase fillers.The effect of filler on the rheological properties,safety,mechanical properties,thermal reaction and energy properties of the system was analyzed by comparing with the raw aluminum filler.The test results show that the rheological properties,mechanical properties and pressure index of NEPE containing system Al@AP meets the requirements of solid propellant charging.Compared with Al based propellant,the mechanical sensitivity and thermal sensitivity are decreased,the safety is better,and the explosion heat of the propellant is increased by 7.8%.The engine test shows that the specific impulse is increased by 1.2 s.Al@AP can improve the energy output and safety of NEPE propellant,and has potential application prospects in high-energy propellants.

Research funding and citations in papers of Nobel Laureates in Physics, Chemistry and Medicine, 2019-2020

Purpose:The goal of this study is a comparative analysis of the relation between funding(a main driver for scientific research)and citations in papers of Nobel Laureates in physics,chemistry and medicine over 2019-2020 and the same relation in these research fields as a whole.Design/methodology/approach:This study utilizes a power law model to explore the relationship between research funding and citations of related papers.The study here analyzes 3,539 recorded documents by Nobel Laureates in physics,chemistry and medicine and a broader dataset of 183,016 documents related to the fields of physics,medicine,and chemistry recorded in the Web of Science database.Findings:Results reveal that in chemistry and medicine,funded researches published in papers of Nobel Laureates have higher citations than unfunded studies published in articles;vice versa high citations of Nobel Laureates in physics are for unfunded studies published in papers.Instead,when overall data of publications and citations in physics,chemistry and medicine are analyzed,all papers based on funded researches show higher citations than unfunded ones.Originality/value:Results clarify the driving role of research funding for science diffusion that are systematized in general properties:a)articles concerning funded researches receive more citations than(un)funded studies published in papers of physics,chemistry and medicine sciences,generating a high Matthew effect(a higher growth of citations with the increase in the number of papers);b)research funding increases the citations of articles in fields oriented to applied research(e.g.,chemistry and medicine)more than fields oriented towards basic research(e.g.,physics).Practical implications:The results here explain some characteristics of scientific development and diffusion,highlighting the critical role of research funding in fostering citations and the expansion of scientific knowledge.This finding can support decision-making of policymakers and R&D managers to improve the effectiveness in allocating financial resources in science policies to generate a higher positive scientific and societal impact.

The Role of Impulsivity and Addiction in Gambling Behaviors: How Applied Neuroscience Research Can Help in the Monitoring and Management of Mental Health Issues

One in five Americans experience symptoms associated with at least one mental health disorder every year. These include behavioral addictions, which have long been overlooked despite their similar neural bases with substance addictions. Gambling addiction, a type of behavioral addiction, deserves particular attention given the significant negative effects, this addiction has on financial and interpersonal health. The purpose of this paper is to review the available literature concerning the behavioral and neural processes involved in gambling addiction, including: the anticipation of reward, the role of dopamine, and the neural substrates of the decision-making processes involved in gambling addiction. Market research has also identified solutions that integrate applied neuroscience and self-tracking systems to monitor and manage mental health issues associated with gambling addiction. The authors then propose a gambling treatment-focused mobile app solution that addresses outstanding issues with a special design aimed at reversing plasticity in order to relieve the effects of gambling addiction. .

Construction and Application Exploration of Smart Agriculture Based on Big Data Technology

Big data finds extensive application and many fields.It brings new opportunities for the development of agriculture.Using big data technology to promote the development of smart agriculture can greatly improve the effect of agricultural planting,reduce the input of manpower and material resources,and lay a solid foundation for the realization of agricultural modernization.In this regard,this paper briefly analyzes the construction and application of smart agriculture based on big data technology,hoping to provide some valuable insights for readers.

A Study on the Utilization of Applied Linguistics in Contemporary English Teaching

In the context of globalization,the importance of teaching English as a common language in the world becomes increasingly apparent.Applied Linguistics belongs to one of the sub-disciplines of linguistics,which plays an important role in contemporary English teaching.The knowledge of applied linguistics can help students learn the grammar,semantics,vocabulary,writing,and other contents in English,deepen their knowledge and understanding of English,and enhance the effectiveness of English teaching.This paper mainly describes the important role played by English linguistics in English teaching and focuses on its utilization strategies in the hope of providing references on this topic.

A Study of English Grammar Teaching and Cultural Introduction from the Perspective of Applied Linguistics

Grammar teaching is the main content of university English teaching,and the quality of teaching will affect the effect of university talent cultivation.Based on the perspective of applied linguistics,it is crucial to use cultural introduction teaching for English grammar teaching.This paper will combine the basic concepts of applied linguistics and cultural introduction teaching,analyze the role of using the cultural introduction teaching method to innovate grammar teaching mode under the perspective of applied linguistics,and put forward a scientific English grammar teaching strategy with the goal of improving teaching quality.

A Study on the Application of Evidence-Based Nursing in The Care of Patients with Severe Acute Pancreatitis

Objective: To explore the application research of evidence-based nursing in the care of patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Methods: This study focuses on evidence-based nursing care of severe acute pancreatitis. Patients with severe acute pancreatitis who received treatment in our hospital were selected, from which 80 cases were chosen for detailed analysis. The patients were randomly grouped into a control group (conventional nursing care) and a study group (evidence-based nursing care), with 40 patients each. Relevant research data were recorded during the nursing process, analyzed, and used as research indicators. Results: The hospitalization time and morbidity and mortality rate of the research group were shorter than those of the control group, and the recovery rate was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Patient satisfaction with nursing care in the observation group was higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: For patients with severe acute pancreatitis, the use of evidence-based nursing methods effectively reduced the patient’s mortality rate, improved its curative effect, and also shortened the patient’s hospitalization time.

Research on the Reform of School-Enterprise Cooperation Teaching and Education Mode for Computer Majors

This paper discusses the innovative methods of school-enterprise cooperation education mode in computer applied talent training.An innovative training model based on school-enterprise cooperation is proposed to promote the cultivation of students’practical and innovative skills,so as to better adapt to the needs of society.By analyzing the key links and influencing factors of the training mode,this paper puts forward some concrete suggestions and measures to provide guidelines for universities and enterprises in personnel training.

Values and Paths of Ideological and Political Education in College English Teaching in Applied Universities

As the state promotes teaching reform with the goal of ideological and political education,the teaching of various disciplines in colleges and universities is facing new challenges and novel research topics.In applied colleges and universities,as a compulsory course of general education,the ideological and political education elements have not been deeply explored,and the function of ideological and political education that should be undertaken by English teaching has not been fully realized.This paper analyzes the value of ideological and political education in college English in applied colleges and universities and discusses the effective path of ideological and political education in college English in applied colleges and universities from the four levels of teachers,teaching materials,teaching methods,and curriculum.

Stability of Motion for Generalized Birkhoffian Systems

The problem on the stability of motion for a generalized Birkhoffian system was studied. The disturbed equations of motion and their first approximation for the system were established. The criterion of stability of motion for the system was set up by using Liapunov's first approximation theory. Based on the theory of Noether symmetry,the Liapunov's function was constructed,and the criterion of stability of motion for the system was also set up by using Liapunov's direct method. Two examples were given to illustrate the application of the results.

Projective Synchronization in Modulated Time-Delayed Chaotic Systems Using an Active Control Approach

Projective synchronization in modulated time-delayed systems is studied by applying an active control method.Based on the Lyapunov asymptotical stability theorem,the controller and sufficient condition for projective synchronization are calculated analytically.We give a general method with which we can achieve projective synchronization in modulated time-delayed chaotic systems.This method allows us to adjust the desired scaling factor arbitrarily.The effectiveness of our method is confirmed by using the famous delay-differential equations related to optical bistable or hybrid optical bistable devices.Numerical simulations fully support the analytical approach.

Limitation of the Capacity due to Amplified Spontaneous Emission in a Subpicosecond Soliton Communication System

Subpicosecond pulse soliton solutions of the modified nonlinear Schr dinger equation are obtained by applying Hirota's method.It is shown that the accumulation of arrival time jitter due to amplified spontaneous emission in a subpicosecond soliton communication system is less than that for a picosecond one.The former has a greater maximum capacity and so it has greater superiority as an information carrier.

Research on the New Technology and System of Ultrasonic Honing

In recent years, the new technology of ultrasonic vibration cutting has been drawing general attention. And great advancement in theory and applications in production of the technology have been achieved. Ultrasonic vibration honing system developed in North China Institute of Technology and Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics of cast iron cylinder (47×97) and thin cylinder of 20# (86×95) has been successfully applied to productive experiment and the technological effect obtained is ideal. In comparison with ordinary honing, ultrasonic vibration honing possesses apparent characteristics: Firstly, it has high processing precision (precision in size ranks IT6, roughness Ra0.05, circularty and cylindericity in size ranks IT6); Secondly, it has small cutting force and low temperature so that no deformation occurs; Thirdly, it has high efficiency. In this paper, the application of a new technique to honing is introduced, and the ultrasonic honing systems of thin cylinder and cast cylinder which have been successfully manufactured and their applying effect are illustrated. This paper analyzes the cutting principle of ultrasonic honing in terms of cutting motion, grain performance and cutting quantity. The study of this technique starts a new approach to which is efficient higher quality and lower consumption to hole’s precise and superprecise machining. At last,the paper introduce the conclution: Ultrasonic honing sharpens grain, which is favorable for raising cutting efficiency; Ultrasonic vibration honing may increase honing depth and raise cutting efficiency. It may also decrease honing power and system deformation; Undergoing practice we can find that the ultrasonic honing system as above discribed can be extended and applied to production. The system not only can be applied to conventional honing machine, its technology effect as good as high precision machine tool, but also can be applied to develop and study ultrasonic vibrating numbrical controlling honing machine tool which will provide a new type, efficient, high quality low consumption, equipment for working precision hole; Appling the same parament as W40 oilstone bar, under the same condition, is very valuable for product and application. Rough machining and finish machining once time finished, which not only improve location accuracy, but also have a high effiency.The honing system not only can be suitable for honing cast cylinder, but also can be applied for honing engineer ceramics as well as hard, crisp material; The dimension and technology paraments of 47 mm honing system as above discribed, can be suitable for honing the cast cylinder of motorcycle or minicar. And the cylinder diameter can be randomly selected from 45 to 65. The dimension and technology paramagnets of 86 honing system as above discribed,can be applied for honing all kinds of cylinder of light or heavy passenger-cargo vehicle, and the cylinder diameter can be randomly selected from 65 to 100; It is easy to achieve new technology of flat roof honing by applying ultrasonic honing.After the flat roof honing, fuel consumption of engine is 1g/Hp, while conventional engine is 3g/Hp.Life expectancy of engine is prolonged greatly after the cylinder by flat roof honing.

In-Situ Control of Oxygen Fugacity in Water-Free Systems at High Temperature and High Pressure

By using two oxygen specific electrolyte discs and applying a dc voltage between the sample and an oxygen buffer,oxygen can be driven into or pumped from the sample at a fixed temperature and pressure.By measuring the voltage between the sample and a reference buffer,the oxygen fugacity in the sample is simultaneously monitored.Therefore,the oxygen fugacity in the sample at high temperature and high pressure can be in situ controlled independently of temperature and pressure.

DEVELOPMENT OF FAULT RECOGNITION EXPERT SYSTEM

The fault recognition is a constructional problem involved in the plane inter-pretation of seismic information.This paper presents a fault recognition expert system(FRES)built on blackboard model and introduces its technical characteristics such as rea-soning about control,focusing by step,integration of human inteUigcnce and machine in-telligence.

A Searchable Encryption Scheme Based on Lattice for Log Systems in Blockchain

With the increasing popularity of cloud storage,data security on the cloud has become increasingly visible.Searchable encryption has the ability to realize the privacy protection and security of data in the cloud.However,with the continuous development of quantum computing,the standard Public-key Encryption with Keyword Search(PEKS)scheme cannot resist quantumbased keyword guessing attacks.Further,the credibility of the server also poses a significant threat to the security of the retrieval process.This paper proposes a searchable encryption scheme based on lattice cryptography using blockchain to address the above problems.Firstly,we design a lattice-based encryption primitive to resist quantum keyword guessing attacks.Moreover,blockchain is to decentralize the cloud storage platform’s jurisdiction of data.It also ensures that the traceability of keyword retrieval process and maintains the credibility of search result,which malicious platforms are prevented as much as possible from deliberately sending wrong search results.Last but not least,through security analysis,our proposed scheme satisfies the credibility and unforgeability of the keyword ciphertext.The comprehensive performance evaluates that our scheme has certain advantages in terms of efficiency compared with others.

The Patent System of China——Moving Towards Internationalization

On January 1,1994, China formally became a member state of the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT), and the Patent Office of the People’s Republic of China an international patent search and preliminary examination unit of the PCT. The Chinese language also became one of the official languages of the PCT. This means that Chinese can be used to