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Oxygen-assisted zinc recovery from electric arc furnace dust using magnesium chloride
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作者 Jingdong Huang Xiao Yang 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第10期2300-2311,共12页
Electric arc furnace(EAF)dust is an important secondary resource containing metals,such as zinc(Zn)and iron(Fe).Recover-ing Zn from EAF dust can contribute to resource recycling and reduce environmental impacts.Howeve... Electric arc furnace(EAF)dust is an important secondary resource containing metals,such as zinc(Zn)and iron(Fe).Recover-ing Zn from EAF dust can contribute to resource recycling and reduce environmental impacts.However,the high chemical stability of ZnFe_(2)O_(4)in EAF dust poses challenges to Zn recovery.To address this issue,a facile approach that involves oxygen-assisted chlorination using molten MgCl_(2)is proposed.This work focused on elucidating the role of O2 in the reaction between ZnFe_(2)O_(4)and molten MgCl_(2).The results demonstrate that MgCl_(2)effectively broke down the ZnFe_(2)O_(4)structure,and the high O2 atmosphere considerably promoted the sep-aration of Zn from other components in the form of ZnCl_(2).The presence of O2 facilitated the formation of MgFe_(2)O_(4),which stabilized Fe and prevented its chlorination.Furthermore,the excessive use of MgCl_(2)resulted in increased evaporation loss,and high temperatures pro-moted the rapid separation of Zn.Building on these findings,we successfully extracted ZnCl_(2)-enriched volatiles from practical EAF dust through oxygen-assisted chlorination.Under optimized conditions,this method achieved exceptional Zn chlorination percentage of over 97%within a short period,while Fe chlorination remained below 1%.The resulting volatiles contained 85wt%of ZnCl_(2),which can be further processed to produce metallic Zn.The findings offer guidance for the selective recovery of valuable metals,particularly from solid wastes such as EAF dust. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnace dust ZINC OXYGEN magnesium chloride CHLORINATION
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Extraction of Zinc from Electric Arc Furnace Dust by Alkaline Leaching Followed by Fusion of the Leaching Residue with Caustic Soda 被引量:6
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作者 赵由才 R.Stanforth 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2004年第2期174-178,共5页
Extractability of zinc from two types of electric arc furnace (EAF) dusts containing 24.8% and 16.8% of zinc respectively (denoted as Sample A and Sample B) were tested using direct alkaline leaching followed by fusio... Extractability of zinc from two types of electric arc furnace (EAF) dusts containing 24.8% and 16.8% of zinc respectively (denoted as Sample A and Sample B) were tested using direct alkaline leaching followed by fusion of the resulting leaching residues with caustic soda. The experimental results show that the extraction of zinc is heavily dependent on the contents of iron in the dusts. The higher iron content, the lower extraction of zinc is obtained. 53% and 38% of zinc can be extracted when both dusts were directly contacted with 5mol·L^-1 NaOH solution for 42h. The remaining zinc left in the leaching residues, which supposed to be present as zinc ferrites, can be further leached when the residues were fused with caustic soda. Quantitative extraction of zinc can be obtained from the leaching residue of Sample A while only 85% from Sample B. The extractability of zinc from dusts wit hvarious contents of iron is compared. The production flowsheet for zinc from the dusts using the process proposed is discussed. 展开更多
关键词 ZINC electric arc furnace dust alkaline leaching FUSION caustic soda
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Mass Balance Modeling for Electric Arc Furnace and Ladle Furnace System in Steelmaking Facility in Turkey 被引量:5
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作者 smail Ekmeki Ya ar Yetisken nal ■amdali 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2007年第5期1-6,55,共7页
In the electric arc furnace (EAF) steel production processes, scrap steel is principally used as a raw material instead of iron ore. In the steelmaking process with EAF, scrap is first melted in the furnace and then... In the electric arc furnace (EAF) steel production processes, scrap steel is principally used as a raw material instead of iron ore. In the steelmaking process with EAF, scrap is first melted in the furnace and then the desired chemical composition of the steel can be obtained in a special furnace such as ladle furnace (LF). This kind of furnace process is used for the secondary refining of alloy steel. LF furnace offers strong heating fluxes and enables precise temperature control, thereby allowing for the addition of desired amounts of various alloying elements. It also provides outstanding desulfurization at high-temperature treatment by reducing molten steel fluxes and removing deoxidation products. Elemental analysis with mass balance modeling is important to know the precise amount of required alloys for the LF input with respect to scrap composition. In present study, chemical reactions with mass conservation law in EAF and LF were modeled altogether as a whole system and chemical compositions of the final steel alloy output can be obtained precisely according to different scrap compositions, alloying elements ratios, and other input amounts. Besides, it was found that the mass efficiency for iron element in the system is 95.93%. These efficiencies are calculated for all input elements as 8. 45% for C, 30.31% for Si, 46.36% for Mn, 30.64% for P, 41.96% for S, and 69.79% for Cr, etc. These efficiencies provide valuable ideas about the amount of the input materials that are vanished or combusted for 100 kg of each of the input materials in the EAF and LF system. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnace ladle furnace system modeling mass balance STEELMAKING liquid steel
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Modeling of electrode system for three-phase electric arc furnace 被引量:5
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作者 王琰 毛志忠 +2 位作者 田惠欣 李妍 袁平 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2010年第3期560-565,共6页
To simulate the process of electrode operation, a dynamic model describing the electrode system of three-phase electric arc furnace was developed. This new model can be divided into three submodels in terms of the pra... To simulate the process of electrode operation, a dynamic model describing the electrode system of three-phase electric arc furnace was developed. This new model can be divided into three submodels in terms of the practical situation. They are the power supply system model the electric arc model and the hydraulic actuator system model. According to the basic circuit theory, the power supply system model where the high voltage transmission circuit and mutual inductances were considered, was set up. The electric arc model, which was novel for the electrode control, served as the electrical load and was connected to the power supply system model. The hydraulic actuator system model consists of the proportional valve part that is modeled to capture the dead-zone nonlinear characteristics and the hydraulic cylinder part where the impact of the load force is taken into account. By comparing simulation data and actual data, the results show that the electrode system model is proved to be accurate. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnace electrode system model electric arc model SIMULATION
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Fluid Flow Modeling of Arc Plasma and Bath Circulation in DC Electric Arc Furnace 被引量:5
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作者 WANG Feng-hua JIN Zhi-jian ZHU Zi-shu 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2006年第5期7-13,共7页
A mathematical model describing the flow field, heat transfer and the electromagnetic phenomenon in a DC electric arc furnace has been developed. First the governing equations in the arc plasma region are solved and t... A mathematical model describing the flow field, heat transfer and the electromagnetic phenomenon in a DC electric arc furnace has been developed. First the governing equations in the arc plasma region are solved and the calculated results of heat transfer, current density and shear stresses on the anode surface are used as boundary conditions in a model of molten bath. Then a two-dimensional time-dependent model is used to describe the flow field and electromagnetic phenomenon in the molten bath. Moreover, the effect of bottom electrode diameter on the circulation of molten bath is studied. 展开更多
关键词 DC electric arc furnace fluid flow heat transfer molten bath
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Neural adaptive PSD decoupling controller and its application in three-phase electrode adjusting system of submerged arc furnace 被引量:4
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作者 贺建军 刘郁乔 +1 位作者 喻寿益 桂卫华 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2013年第2期405-412,共8页
Taking three-phase electrode adjusting system of submerged arc furnace as study object which has nonlinear, time-variant, multivariable and strong coupling features, a neural adaptive PSD(proportion, sum and different... Taking three-phase electrode adjusting system of submerged arc furnace as study object which has nonlinear, time-variant, multivariable and strong coupling features, a neural adaptive PSD(proportion, sum and differential) dispersive decoupling controller was developed by combining neural adaptive PSD algorithm with dispersive decoupling network. In this work, the production technology process and control difficulties of submerged arc furnace were simply introduced, the necessity of establishing a neural adaptive PSD dispersive decoupling controller was discussed, the design method and the implementation steps of the controller are expounded in detail, and the block diagram of the controlled system is presented. By comparison with experimental results of the conventional PID controller and the adaptive PSD controller, the decoupling ability, adaptive ability, self-learning ability and robustness of the neural adaptive PSD dispersive decoupling controller have been testified effectively. The controller is applicable to the three-phase electrode adjusting system of submerged arc furnace, and it will play an important role for achieving the power balance of three-phrase electrodes, saving energy and reducing consumption in the process of smelting. 展开更多
关键词 PSD algorithm decoupling controller submerged arc furnace three phase electrode
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Transient Temperature Analysis for Industrial AC Arc Furnace Bottom 被引量:3
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作者 Murat Tun 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2004年第6期1-4,共4页
Heat losses from the furnaces depend on the design and size. The surface heat loss from the bottom of an industrial AC electric arc furnace (EAF) possesses an important fraction of overall losses. So in this study the... Heat losses from the furnaces depend on the design and size. The surface heat loss from the bottom of an industrial AC electric arc furnace (EAF) possesses an important fraction of overall losses. So in this study the transient temperature variation at the bottom of the EAF was investigated. The transient temperature analysis was carried out using MATLAB computer program. T=T(r, t) for different bottom lining layers was depicted. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnace steel production industrial system transient temperature analysis
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Metal-doped(Cu,Zn)Fe2O4 from integral utilization of toxic Zn-containing electric arc furnace dust: An environment-friendly heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst 被引量:3
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作者 Jun-wu Li Xing Han +3 位作者 Rong-xia Chai Fang-qin Cheng Mei Zhang Min Guo 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2020年第7期996-1006,共11页
Pure metal-doped(Cu,Zn)Fe2O4 was synthesized from Zn-containing electric arc furnace dust(EAFD)by solid-state reaction using copper salt as additive.The effects of pretreated EAFD-to-Cu2(OH)2CO3·6H2O mass ratio,c... Pure metal-doped(Cu,Zn)Fe2O4 was synthesized from Zn-containing electric arc furnace dust(EAFD)by solid-state reaction using copper salt as additive.The effects of pretreated EAFD-to-Cu2(OH)2CO3·6H2O mass ratio,calcination time,and calcination temperature on the structure and catalytic ability were systematically studied.Under the optimum conditions,the decolorization efficiency and total organic carbon(TOC)removal efficiency of the as-prepared ferrite for treating a Rhodamine B solution were approximately 90.0%and 45.0%,respectively,and the decolorization efficiency remained 83.0%after five recycles,suggesting that the as-prepared(Cu,Zn)Fe2O4 was an efficient heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst with high stability.The high catalytic activity mainly depended on the synergistic effect of iron and copper ions occupying octahedral positions.More importantly,the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure(TCLP)analysis illustrated that the toxic Zncontaining EAFD was transformed into harmless(Cu,Zn)Fe2O4 and that the concentrations of toxic ions in the degraded solution were all lower than the national emission standard(GB/31574-2015),further confirming that the as obtained sample is an environment-friendly heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst. 展开更多
关键词 Zn-containing electric arc furnace dust metal-doped Cu−Zn ferrite heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst environmental effect
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Zinc leaching from electric arc furnace dust in alkaline medium 被引量:2
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作者 李宏煦 王洋 苍大强 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2010年第5期967-971,共5页
Physical and chemical properties of electric arc furnace (EAF) dust from Tianjin seamless Pipe Company were measured and analyzed. The zinc leaching tests in alkaline medium were carried out under variation of leach... Physical and chemical properties of electric arc furnace (EAF) dust from Tianjin seamless Pipe Company were measured and analyzed. The zinc leaching tests in alkaline medium were carried out under variation of leaching agent concentration, leaching temperature, leaching cumulative time and solid-to-liquid ratio. The thermodynamics and kinetics of the zinc leaching process were also analyzed. The results show that the EAF dust contains 10% (mass fraction) zinc and the median particle size is 0.69 μm. The zinc recovery of 73.4% is obtained tinder the condition of 90 ℃, 6 mol/L NaOH, and 60 min leaching time. With the increase of concentration of NaOH and the cumulative time, zinc leaching will be significantly increased. The kinetics study demonstrates that the leaching reaction is chemically controlled and the reaction activation energy is 15.73 kJ/mol. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnace (EAF) dust zinc leaching HYDROMETALLURGY THERMODYNAMICS leaching kinetics RECYCLING
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Recovery of zinc from electric arc furnace dust by alkaline pressure leaching using iron as a reductant 被引量:2
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作者 ZHANG Du-chao LIU Ruo-lin +3 位作者 WANG Hao LIU Wei-feng YANG Tian-zu CHEN Lin 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2021年第9期2701-2710,共10页
To recover zinc from electric arc furnace(EAF)dust,a process of primary normal pressure leaching and secondary alkaline pressure leaching is proposed.First,under the alkaline pressure leaching system,the experiment of... To recover zinc from electric arc furnace(EAF)dust,a process of primary normal pressure leaching and secondary alkaline pressure leaching is proposed.First,under the alkaline pressure leaching system,the experiment of pure zinc ferrite being reduced by iron powder was carried out.Under the optimal reduction conditions(i.e.,temperature of 260℃,NaOH concentration of 6 mol/L,liquid-to-solid ratio of 50 mL/g,and a 5-fold excess of iron powder),89%of zinc was extracted.The iron in the reduced residue exists as a magnetite phase.Subsequently,the normal pressure leaching experiment was carried out with EAF dust as raw material,and 66%zinc was leached.The main phase of zinc in normal leaching residue was determined to be zinc ferrite.Then,the normal leaching residue was reduced by iron powder under the alkaline pressure leaching system,and 66.5%of zinc was extracted.After the two-stage leaching process,the leaching rate of zinc in EAF dust can achieve 88.7%.The alkaline pressure leaching solution can be returned as the normal pressure leaching solution,and the magnetite in the alkaline pressure leaching residue can be recovered by magnetic separation. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnace dust normal leaching pressure leaching iron powder
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3D Numerical Analysis of the Arc Plasma Behavior in a Submerged DC Electric Arc Furnace for the Production of Fused MgO 被引量:2
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作者 王振 王宁会 +1 位作者 李铁 曹勇 《Plasma Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2012年第4期321-326,共6页
A three dimensional steady-state magnetohydrodynamic model is developed for the arc plasma in a DC submerged electric arc furnace for the production of fused MgO. The arc is generated in a small semi-enclosed space fo... A three dimensional steady-state magnetohydrodynamic model is developed for the arc plasma in a DC submerged electric arc furnace for the production of fused MgO. The arc is generated in a small semi-enclosed space formed by the graphite electrode, the molten bath and unmelted raw materials. The model is first used to solve a similar problem in a steel making furnace, and the calculated results are found to be in good agreement with the published measurements. The behavior of arcs with different arc lengths is also studied in the furnace for MgO production. From the distribution of the arc pressure on the bath surface it is shown that the arc plasma impingement is large enough to cause a crater-like depression on the surface of the MgO bath. The circulation of the high temperature air under the electrode may enhance the arc efficiency, especially for a shorter arc. 展开更多
关键词 numerical simulation DC electric arc furnace arc plasma temperature field flow field
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Dual Torch Plasma Arc Furnace for Medical Waste Treatment 被引量:2
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作者 刘斌 M.KIKUCHI +2 位作者 李和平 T.IWAO T.INABA 《Plasma Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2007年第6期709-712,共4页
In this paper, characteristics of a treatment and operated at atmospheric pressure dual torch plasma arc used for hazardous waste are studied, and also compared with those of the multi-torch plasma arc and the single ... In this paper, characteristics of a treatment and operated at atmospheric pressure dual torch plasma arc used for hazardous waste are studied, and also compared with those of the multi-torch plasma arc and the single torch plasma arc. The dual torch plasma arc is generated between the cathode and anode with argon as the working gas. The temperature distributions of the plasma arc are measured using a spectroscope and line pair method with the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) for the DC arc current I=100 A and argon flow rate Q = 15 slpm. The measurements show that the temperatures of the dual torch arc plasma in the regions near the cathode, the anode and the center point are 10,000 K, 11,000 K and 9,000 K, respectively. And the high temperature region of the multi torch plasma arc is of double or much wider size than that of a conventional dual torch plasma arc and single plasma torch. Based on the preceding studies, a dual torch plasma arc furnace is developed in this study. The measured gas temperature at the center region of the argon arc is about 11,000 K for the case of I=200 A and Q=30 slpm operated in atmosphere. 展开更多
关键词 dual torch plasma arc furnace medical waste
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A novel hydrothermal method for zinc extraction and separation from zinc ferrite and electric arc furnace dust 被引量:5
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作者 Hui-gang Wang Yang Li +2 位作者 Jian-ming Gao Mei Zhang Min Guo 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2016年第2期146-155,共10页
A novel hydrothermal process was developed to extract zinc from pure zinc ferrite(ZnFe2O4) nanopowder and zinc-containing electric arc furnace(EAF) dust using hexahydrated ferric chloride(FeCl3-6H2O) as a decomp... A novel hydrothermal process was developed to extract zinc from pure zinc ferrite(ZnFe2O4) nanopowder and zinc-containing electric arc furnace(EAF) dust using hexahydrated ferric chloride(FeCl3-6H2O) as a decomposing agent.The effects of solid FeCl3-6H2O to ZnFe2O4 ratio by mass(RF/Z),hydrothermal reaction temperature,and time on zinc extraction were systematically investigated.In the results,when the hydrothermal reaction is conducted at 150℃ for 2 h with RF/Z of 15:20,the efficiency of zinc extraction from ZnFe2O4 reaches97.2%,and the concentration of ferric ions(Fe^3+) in the leaching solution is nearly zero,indicating a high selectivity for zinc.In addition,the zinc extraction efficiency from the EAF dust reaches 94.5%in the case of the hydrothermal reaction performed at 200℃ for 10 h with the solid FeCl3-6H2O to EAF dust ratio by mass(RF/EAF dust) of 15:10.Zinc and iron separation is achieved by adjusting the pH value of the leaching solution according to the different precipitation pH values of metal hydroxides. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnaces dust zinc extraction separation hydrothermal process
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Application of Extended Kalman Filter to the Modeling of Electric Arc Furnace for Power Quality Issues 被引量:1
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作者 金之俭 王丰华 朱子述 《Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science)》 EI 2007年第2期257-262,共6页
Electric arc furnaces(EAFs)represent one of the most disturbing loads in the subtransmission or transmission electric power systems.Therefore,it is necessary to build a practical model to descript the behavior of EAF ... Electric arc furnaces(EAFs)represent one of the most disturbing loads in the subtransmission or transmission electric power systems.Therefore,it is necessary to build a practical model to descript the behavior of EAF in the simulation of power system for power quality issues.This paper deals with the modeling of EAF based on the combination of extended Kalman filter to identify the parameter of arc current and the power balance equation to obtain the dynamic,multi-valued u-i characteristics of EAF load.The whole EAF systems are simulated by means of power system blockset in Matlab to validate the proposed EAF model.This model can also be used to assess the impact of the new plant or highly varying nonlinear loads that exhibit chaos in power systems. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnace(EAF) extended Kalman filter power quality CHAOS
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Computer Aided Mass Balance Analysis for AC Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking 被引量:1
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作者 anal amdali Murat Tun 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2005年第3期11-13,共3页
A mass balance analysis was undertaken for liquid steel production using a computer program specially developed for the AC electric arc furnace at an important alloy steel producer in Turkey. The data obtained by usin... A mass balance analysis was undertaken for liquid steel production using a computer program specially developed for the AC electric arc furnace at an important alloy steel producer in Turkey. The data obtained by using the computer program were found to be very close to the actual production ones. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnace liquid steel mass balance analysis
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Heat Transfer Analysis for Industrial AC Electric Arc Furnace 被引量:1
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作者 ünal amdali Murat Tun 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2005年第4期9-16,共8页
The heat transfer analysis was performed for an AC electric arc furnace (EAF). Heat losses by conduction, convection and radiation from outer surface, roof, bottom and electrodes of EAF were determined in detail. Some... The heat transfer analysis was performed for an AC electric arc furnace (EAF). Heat losses by conduction, convection and radiation from outer surface, roof, bottom and electrodes of EAF were determined in detail. Some suggestions about decreasing heat losses were presented. 展开更多
关键词 electric arc furnace (EAF) heat analysis industrial furnace
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Mathematical model on heat transfer of water-cooling steel-stick bottom electrode of DC electric arc furnace 被引量:1
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作者 HaiXu XiaoLiu 《Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing》 CSCD 2002年第5期338-342,共5页
For predicting and controlling the melted depth of bottomelectrode during the process of steelmaking, the water-cooling steel-stick electrode is taken as an example, to analyze the process ofheat transfer, then 3D mat... For predicting and controlling the melted depth of bottomelectrode during the process of steelmaking, the water-cooling steel-stick electrode is taken as an example, to analyze the process ofheat transfer, then 3D mathematical model by control capacity methodis built. At the same time, the measurement on the melted depth ofbottom electrode is conducted which verified the correctness of thebuilt mathematical model. On the base of verification, all kinds ofkey parameters are calculated through the application and a series ofresults are simulated. Finally, the optimum parameters are found andthe service life of bottom electrode is prolonged. 展开更多
关键词 DC electric arc furnace water-cooling steel-stick electrode MATHEMATICALMODEL heat transfer
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Development and Application of Castables for Ladle Nozzle of Electric Arc Furnace
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作者 YANGDing′ao MAOChao 《China's Refractories》 CAS 2002年第3期28-30,共3页
The castables for ladle nozzle were developed using brown corundum as the main raw material and the right amounts of complex additives . The influence of several additives on the properties such as strength and perman... The castables for ladle nozzle were developed using brown corundum as the main raw material and the right amounts of complex additives . The influence of several additives on the properties such as strength and permanent linear change of the samples was studied . The results showed that applying complex additives improved the strength and the volume stability of the castables greatly. The campaign of the castables for ladle nozzle has increased from about 40 heats to 70 heats. 展开更多
关键词 Refractory castable Electric arc furnace Ladle nozzle APPLICATION
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High Alumina Refractory Bricks for Electric Arc Furnace Roofs
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作者 Wang Jing 《China's Refractories》 CAS 2007年第3期31-32,共2页
This standard specifies the sort, technical requirement, test method, inspection rules, marking, packing, transportation, storage and quality certification of high alumina refractory bricks for electric arc furnace ro... This standard specifies the sort, technical requirement, test method, inspection rules, marking, packing, transportation, storage and quality certification of high alumina refractory bricks for electric arc furnace roofs. 展开更多
关键词 arc High Alumina Refractory Bricks for Electric arc furnace Roofs HIGH DBL
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Arc deflection model and arc direction control for DC arc furnace
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作者 LipingWei HuangZhou +1 位作者 HuadeLi YuanhangZhou 《Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing》 CSCD 2004年第4期378-382,共5页
Based on the analysis of three-dimensional power conductor for DC arcfurnace, the electric arc deflection model was set up and the control system of the arc directionwas configured. According to the bus bar distributi... Based on the analysis of three-dimensional power conductor for DC arcfurnace, the electric arc deflection model was set up and the control system of the arc directionwas configured. According to the bus bar distribution at the bottom electrodes cooled by water, thearc direction control principle and its configuration were described. The simulation results showthat the control system can restrain the electric arc deflection and control the arc direction. 展开更多
关键词 DC arc furnace electric arc deflection model arc direction control
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