Documenting morphological features of modem pollen is fundamental for the identification of fossil pollen, which will assist researchers to reconstruct the vegetation and climate of a particular geologic period. This ...Documenting morphological features of modem pollen is fundamental for the identification of fossil pollen, which will assist researchers to reconstruct the vegetation and climate of a particular geologic period. This paper presents the pollen morphol- ogy of 20 species of tundra plants from the high Arctic of Ny-Alesund, Svalbard, using light and scanning electron microscopy. The plants used in this study belong to 12 families： Brassicaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Cyperaceae, Ericaceae, Juncaceae, Papav- eraceae, Poaceae, Polygonaceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, Salicaceae, and Scrophulariaceae. Pollen grain shapes included： spher- oidal, subprolate, and prolate. Variable apertural patterns ranged from 2-syncolpate, 3-colpate, 3-（-4）-colpate, 3-（-5）-colpate, 3-colporate, 5-poroid, ulcerate, ulcus to pantoporate. Exine ornamentations comprised psilate, striate-perforate, reticulate, mi- croechinate, microechinate-perforate, scabrate, granulate, and granulate-perforate. This study provided a useful reference for com- parative studies of fossil pollen and for the reconstruction of paleovegetation and paleoclimate in Svalbard region of Arctic.展开更多
Three kinds of tundra plant samples including Dicranum angustum（ a type of boreal bryophyte ） , Puceinellia phryganodes （a type of fringy plant） , Salix polaris （ a type of vascular plant） and surface soil were ...Three kinds of tundra plant samples including Dicranum angustum（ a type of boreal bryophyte ） , Puceinellia phryganodes （a type of fringy plant） , Salix polaris （ a type of vascular plant） and surface soil were samples in 200 at Ny-Alesund of the Arctic. The levels of eight heavy metal elements （ Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni, Fe and Mn） and three metal-like elements （As, Se, Sr） in the plant and soil samples of the areas within previous coal mining activities are significantly higher than those of other areas. The relative accumulation of these elements in these tundra plant samples is consistent with the one in the soil samples, especially in the areas affected by previous coal-mining activities. Thus, the pollution is apparently from local coal mining activity. Dicranum angustum has the highest concentrations among those elements, and it can be a good bio-indicator for heavy metal pollution in Ny-Alesund. Though Ny- Alesund is less polluted by heavy metal than nearby Northern European human living areas, but much more than the tundras of the Alaska, Greenland and the Antarctic.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Main Direction Program of Knowledge Innovation of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant no.KSCX2-EW-J-1)State Key Laboratory Systematics and Evolutionary Botany,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences (SKLSEB-IBCAS,Grant no.56176G1048)
文摘Documenting morphological features of modem pollen is fundamental for the identification of fossil pollen, which will assist researchers to reconstruct the vegetation and climate of a particular geologic period. This paper presents the pollen morphol- ogy of 20 species of tundra plants from the high Arctic of Ny-Alesund, Svalbard, using light and scanning electron microscopy. The plants used in this study belong to 12 families： Brassicaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Cyperaceae, Ericaceae, Juncaceae, Papav- eraceae, Poaceae, Polygonaceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, Salicaceae, and Scrophulariaceae. Pollen grain shapes included： spher- oidal, subprolate, and prolate. Variable apertural patterns ranged from 2-syncolpate, 3-colpate, 3-（-4）-colpate, 3-（-5）-colpate, 3-colporate, 5-poroid, ulcerate, ulcus to pantoporate. Exine ornamentations comprised psilate, striate-perforate, reticulate, mi- croechinate, microechinate-perforate, scabrate, granulate, and granulate-perforate. This study provided a useful reference for com- parative studies of fossil pollen and for the reconstruction of paleovegetation and paleoclimate in Svalbard region of Arctic.
文摘Three kinds of tundra plant samples including Dicranum angustum（ a type of boreal bryophyte ） , Puceinellia phryganodes （a type of fringy plant） , Salix polaris （ a type of vascular plant） and surface soil were samples in 200 at Ny-Alesund of the Arctic. The levels of eight heavy metal elements （ Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni, Fe and Mn） and three metal-like elements （As, Se, Sr） in the plant and soil samples of the areas within previous coal mining activities are significantly higher than those of other areas. The relative accumulation of these elements in these tundra plant samples is consistent with the one in the soil samples, especially in the areas affected by previous coal-mining activities. Thus, the pollution is apparently from local coal mining activity. Dicranum angustum has the highest concentrations among those elements, and it can be a good bio-indicator for heavy metal pollution in Ny-Alesund. Though Ny- Alesund is less polluted by heavy metal than nearby Northern European human living areas, but much more than the tundras of the Alaska, Greenland and the Antarctic.
