Effect of oral garlic on arterial oxygen pressure in children with hepatopulmonary syndrome

AIM： To study the effect of oral garlic on arterial oxygen pressure in children with hepatopulmonary syndrome, METHODS： Garlic powder in a capsule form was given to 15 children with hepatopulmonary syndrome （confirmed by contrast echocardiography） at the dosage of 1 g/1.73 m^2 per day. Patients were evaluated clinically and by arterial blood gas every four weeks. RESULTS： The garlic capsule was administered to 15 patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome. There were 10 boys and 5 girls with a mean age of 9.4 ± 3.9 years. The underlying problems were biliary tract atresia （4 patients）, autoimmune hepatitis （4 patients）, cryptogenic cirrhosis （4 patients） and presinusoidal portal hypertension （3 patients）. Eight patients （53.3%） showed an increase of 10 mmHg in their mean arterial oxygen pressure. The baseline PaO2 was 65.6 ± 12.1 mmHg in the responder group and 47.1 ± 11.2 mmHg in nonresponder group. At the end of treatment the mean PaO2 in responders and non-responders was 92.2 ± 7.75 mmHg and 47.5 ± 11.87 mmHg, respectively （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Garlic may increase oxygenation and improve dyspnea in children with hepatopulmonary syndrome.

Effects of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine on Arterial Oxygen Saturation in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

Objective: To evaluate the effects of treatment of integrative Chinese and Western medicine (ICWM) on arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Methods:The non-randomized, controlled trial was conducted on 447 SARS patients treated synchronously with western conventional treatment (WM group, n = 171) alone and ICWM (ICWM group, n = 276). The changes of the cases with normal level (≥95% ) or abnormal level (<95% ) SaO2 were observed dynamically. Results: In the 3rd-14th day of the therapeutic course, the percentage of patients with normal SaO2 in the ICWM group was higher than that in the WM group (OR = 0.5178, P = 0.0038), and this tendency was more evident in patients of the severe type (OR = 0. 18, P = 0. 0001). However, the statistical significance of difference was only shown in patients for whom the ICWM treatment started in the early period after the onset (≤7 days after it, OR = 0.3803, P = 0.006), but not shown in those who received ICWM treatment later in the mid-late period of SARS ( P>0. 05). Conclusion: ICWM treatment, particularly when it is used for intervention in the early stage, is beneficial for maintaining normal SaO2 in SARS patients.

Blood oxygen level–dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging can evaluate the efficiency of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is among the most common malignant tumors worldwide, and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) technology has become the first-line treatment for advanced HCC. Another important, recently developed technique is blood oxygen level–dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging(BOLD-fMRI), which utilizes hemoglobin as an endogenous contrast agent and measures deoxygenated hemoglobin content by sampling the oxygen content of tissues, thus reflecting the hemodynamics and pathophysiologic changes in body organs. Currently this technology is being used in patients with liver tumors;that is, it serves as an important tool in follow-up after TACE. The present paper summarizes these developments.

Effect of Higher Mean Arterial Pressure with Norepinephrine on Tissue Oxygenation and Perfusion in Patients of Septic Shock

The current survival sepsis guideline proposes the use of vasopressors and fluid resuscitation to maintain the mean arterial pressure (MAP) ≥ 65 mmHg. Titrating catecholamine infusion to achieve higher MAP has been demonstrated to improve tissue oxygenation, microcirculation, renal function and overall outcome of the patient in some studies and literature on actual hemodynamic goals is scarce. AIM: To study the influence of two MAP on tissue oxygenation and perfusion parameters in patients of septic shock on norepinephrine infusion. SUBJECT AND MATERIALS: Forty adult patients with the diagnosis of septic shock were enrolled. In all patients norepinephrine was titrated to first stabilize the MAP at 65 ± 5 mmHg (Set I), followed by MAP of 85 ± 5 mmHg (Set II). Heart rate (HR), Central venous oxygen saturation (SCVO2), Transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen (PtcO2) by TCM 400/TINA (using miniature Clark electrode), Arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO2), PtO2/PaO2 ratio, Urine output and Serum Base deficit were recorded in each Set after 2 hrs of stabilization. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen PtcO2 (p tO2/PaO2 (p < 0.0001), ScvO2 (p < 0.0001), urine output (p < 0.006) on increasing the MAP from 65mmHg to 85mmHg. Serum base deficit also improved (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Higher MAP with norepinephrine is associated with better perfusion, oxygenation parameters in patients with established septic shock. These findings suggest that there is improvement in tissue oxygenation parameters using escalating doses of norepinephrine to achieve higher MAP without inherent adverse

Evaluation of Pressure of Arterial Oxygen by Age in Supine Position during General Anesthesia

Background: The concentration of supplemental O2 should be measured during general anesthesia to determine whether patients’ pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) is correct. Nevertheless, we do not know standard value of PaO2 by age in supine position during general anesthesia. In this study, we evaluated the PaO2 by age at 33% or 40% O2 concentration. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the anesthetic charts of 660 patients who were received general anesthesia from January 2001 to December 2013. Patients were divided into two groups by concentration of fraction of inspiratory oxygen: group at 33% or 40%. Second, patients aged 16 - 85 years were classified into 7 groups by age with each group covering one decade. Results: The PaO2 was 185.1 ± 19.2 mmHg (33%) and 209.8 ± 19.8 mmHg (40%) at age 16 - 25 years, 178.7 ± 23.6 mmHg (33%) and 202.7 ± 26.0 mmHg (40%) at age 26 - 35 years, 165.8 ± 30.6 mmHg (33%) and 188.9 ± 22.2 (40%) mmHg at age 36 - 45 years, 154.1 ± 22.8 mmHg (33%) and 181.8 ± 19.2 (40%) mmHg at age 46 - 55 years, 153.7 ± 21.7 mmHg (33%) and 177.5 ± 18.1 mmHg (40%) at age 56 - 65 years, 152.2 ± 24.5 mmHg and 171.0 ± 22.1 mmHg at age 66 - 75 years, and 154.6 ± 24.3 mmHg and 174.1 ± 20.2 mmHg at age 76 - 85 years. Conclusion: The PaO2 tended to decrease with age at both 33% and 40% O2 concentration.

Evaluation of Partial Pressure of Arterial Oxygen in Obese Patients in Supine Position during General Anesthesia

Background: Anesthetists should measure the concentration of supplemental oxygen to determine whether patients’ partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) is correct during general anesthesia. However, the standard PaO2 value in obese patients in the supine position is unknown. We evaluated the PaO2 with respect to the Broca-Katsura obesity index. Materials and Methods: From January 2001 to December 2013, we evaluated 472 patients aged ≥16 years old that underwent general anesthesia in the supine position. The anesthetic charts of 472 patients with an American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status of I or II were retrospectively reviewed to investigate the PaO2. Results: In patients aged 16 to 2 was 165.7 ± 25.6 mmHg at a Broca-Katsura index of 2 was 152.1 ± 23.8 mmHg at a Broca-Katsura index of 2 tended to decrease with age from 16 to 2 tended to decrease with age from 16 to <65 years at a Broca-Katsura index of 20% to <40%.

Correlation between Pulmonary Endothelin Receptors and Alveolar-arterial Oxygen Gradient in Rats with Hepatopulmonary Syndrome

The correlation between pulmonary endothelin receptors and alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient （A aDO2） in rats with hepatopulmonary syndrome was investigated. Animals were divided into 2 groups： Sham operated （Sham） group and common bile duct ligation （CBDL） group. Arterial blood gas was evaluated by a blood gas analyzer. The concentrations of ET-1 in blood and lung tissue sample were evaluated by radioimmunoassay. The distribution and expression of two kinds of subtype receptor of ET-1, ETRA and ETRB were examined by in situ hybridization. The results showed that the level of A aDO2, was higher in CBDI. group than that in Sham group （P〈0.05）. The levels of plasma and pulmonary ET-1 in CBDL group were both higher than in Sham group （P〈0.05 ）. There was no significant difference in average A of ETRA between two groups by imaging analysis （0.21±0.06 vs 0.22±0.08, P〉0.05）, while that of ETRB was higher in CBDI. group than in Sham group （0.58±0.16 vs 0.28±0.07, P〈0.05）. The expression of ETRBinlung was positively correlated with A aDO2（P〈0.05）. It was concluded that the widened A-aDO2 may be related with enhancement of the expression of ETRB in lung.

Combined APACH Ⅱ score and arterial blood lactate clearance rate to predict the prognosis of ARDS patients

Objective:To explore the easily applicable indicators of practical value to evaluate the prognosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome（ARDS）.Methods:Blood and biochemical tests and bloodgas analyses were performed upon entry into the ICUs,12 h,24 h,48 h and 72 h after that in 72 ARDS patients（who were admitted to the ICUs of our hospital from January 2000 to December 2009）.Then APACHEⅡscores were achieved by combining relevant physiological parameters and laboratory results.Results:There was a statistical difference between the death group and survival group at different time points upon entering the ICUs in terms of APACHEⅡscore, alveolar-arterial oxygen difference and arterial blood lactate clearance rate.PaO2/FiO2 values were recorded to be statistically different between the death group and survival group 24 h,48 h and 72 h,respectively after entry into the ICUs.In addition,registered linear regression existed between APACHEⅡscore,alveolar-arterial oxygen difference or PaO2/FiO2 value and time. APACHEⅡscore 24 h and 72 h after entering ICUs predicted mortality with an area under the ROC curve（AUC） standing respectively at 0.919 and 0.9SS.Arterial blood lactate clearance rate 12 h, 24 h,48 h and 72 h after entering ICUs predicted mortality with an area under the ROC curve （AUC） at 0.918,0.918,0.909 and 0.991,respectively.Conclusions:APACHEⅡscore applied in combination with arterial blood lactate clearance rate is of clinical significance in assessing the prognosis of ARDS patients.

Effect of Short-Term Whole-Body Vibration Training on Metabolic Risk Factors, Inflammatory Markers, and Arterial Stiffness

To investigate the effect of aerobic exercise combined with whole-body vibration (WBV) training on metabolic syndrome risk, and inflammatory markers, and to compare its effects on arterial stiffness and several blood parameters related to metabolic syndrome with those of aerobic training alone. Thirty healthy participants were divided into 2 groups matched for age and body mass index (BMI). Fifteen subjects were assigned to the WBV group (WBV + aerobic training) and the other 15 to the control group (aerobic training only). All participants performed a treadmill exercise 3 days/week for 4 weeks, for 50 min after 30 min rest period. Exercise was performed at a heart rate (HR) corresponding to 60% of the HR at each individual’s maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max). Body weight and BMI after training were significantly lower than those before training in the WBV group (P < 0.01). Concerning arterial stiffness, the pulse-wave velocity after training was significantly lower than that before training in the WBV group (1048.7 ± 105.6 vs. 1008.4 ± 101.1 cm/s, P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the VO2max after training was significantly higher than that before training in the WBV group (47.7 ± 12.8 vs. 51.4 ± 14.1 mL·min-1·kg-1, P < 0.01). However, no significant differences were observed in any parameters before and after training in the control group. Our results suggest that aerobic exercise combined with WBV training may be effective in reducing arterial stiffness and improving cardiorespiratory fitness than aerobic training alone.

Use of venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide tension difference to guide resuscitation therapy in septic shock

The mixed venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide(CO_2)tension difference[P(v-a) CO_2]is the difference between carbon dioxide tension(PCO_2) in mixed venous blood(sampled from a pulmonary artery catheter) and the PCO_2 in arterial blood.P(v-a) CO_2 depends on the cardiac output and the global CO_2 production,and on the complex relationship between PCO_2 and CO_2 content.Experimental and clinical studies support the evidence that P(v-a) CO_2 cannot serve as an indicator of tissue hypoxia,and should be regarded as an indicator of the adequacy of venous blood to wash out the total CO_2generated by the peripheral tissues.P(v-a) CO_2 can be replaced by the central venous-to-arterial CO_2 difference(△PCO_2),which is calculated from simultaneous sampling of central venous blood from a central vein catheter and arterial blood and,therefore,more easy to obtain at the bedside.Determining the △PCO_2 during the resuscitation of septic shock patients might be useful when deciding when to continue resuscitation despite a central venous oxygen saturation(SCVO_2) > 70%associated with elevated blood lactate levels.Because high blood lactate levels is not a discriminatory factor in determining the source of that stress,an increased △PCO_2(> 6 mmHg)could be used to identify patients who still remain inadequately resuscitated.Monitoring the △PCO_2 from the beginning of the reanimation of septic shock patients might be a valuable means to evaluate the adequacy of cardiac output in tissue perfusion and,thus,guiding the therapy.In this respect,it can aid to titrate inotropes to adjust oxygen delivery to CO_2 production,or to choose between hemoglobin correction or fluid/inotrope infusion in patients with a too low ScvO_2 related to metabolic demand.The combination of P(v-a) CO_2 or △PCO_2 with oxygen-derived parameters through the calculation of the P(v-a) CO_2 or △PCO_2/arteriovenous oxygen content difference ratio can detect the presence of global anaerobic metabolism.

小儿先天性心脏病术后静脉-动脉体外膜氧合支持中支气管镜的应用价值

目的回顾性分析先天性心脏病(CHD)术后患儿因循环衰竭在静脉-动脉体外膜氧合(V-A ECMO)支持下完成支气管镜的安全性和应用价值。方法回顾性分析2020年1月至2022年10月上海交通大学附属上海儿童医学中心CHD术后V-A ECMO支持的患儿,按照是否行支气管镜分为行支气管镜组(A组)及未行支气管镜组(B组)。结果共纳入101例,A组患儿42例(41.6%)。行支气管镜的中位数时间为ECMO支持第5天。相比较B组患儿,A组患儿ECMO持续时间长,肺不张及肺部感染发生率高,但撤离ECMO后的机械通气时间较B组患儿缩短,两组在ICU总滞留时间及死亡率方面无差异。ECMO期间肺不张发生率在所有患儿中达49.5%,A组患儿37例,B组13例;肺不张开始中位数时间为ECMO支持第3天。肺部感染总发生率为54.5%,A组患儿30例,B组患儿25例。在A组患儿中,支气管镜发现支气管受压或狭窄15例,占比35.7%;发现痰栓阻塞者24例,占比57.1%;其中12例患儿在ECMO撤离实验中表现低氧血症,予以支气管镜检查及治疗后呼吸机通气条件下降,次日再次行撤离实验过程顺利,最终成功撤离ECMO。42例支气管镜检查中2例有轻微气道出血、肺出血,无ECMO流量变化、循环波动、气胸等并发症。支气管镜肺泡灌洗液送检标本发现致病微生物者22例。结论ECMO期间支气管镜是安全的,支气管镜有益于小儿CHD术后V-A ECMO支持患儿的肺部并发症的诊疗,缩短了V-A ECMO患儿ECMO撤离后的机械通气时间,而且对ECMO的成功撤离具有一定的临床价值。

中心静脉血氧饱和度联合静动脉二氧化碳分压差在产后出血液体复苏治疗中的指导作用

目的探讨中心静脉血氧饱和度(ScvO_(2))联合静动脉二氧化碳分压差[P(v-a)CO_(2)]在产后出血(PPH)液体复苏治疗中的指导作用。方法选取2022年2月至2023年3月江西省妇幼保健院收治的60例胎盘植入、前置胎盘剖宫产术中大出血患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分成试验组(n=30)和对照组(n=30)。对照组行常规液体复苏干预,试验组行ScvO_(2)联合P(v-a)CO_(2)监测指标进行复苏干预。比较两组患者容量达标时间、液体复苏前后氧合指数、6 h乳酸清除率、24 h乳酸清除率及并发症发生率。结果试验组的容量达标时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);液体复苏6、24 h后试验组的氧合指数均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组6h乳酸清除率、24h乳酸清除率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组的并发症总发生率(16.67%)低于对照组(40.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论ScvO_(2)联合P(v-a)CO_(2)监测对PPH患者液体复苏治疗具有指导作用,能缩短液体复苏时间,提高氧合指数和乳酸清除率,降低并发症的发生。

不同氧流量经鼻高流量湿化氧疗治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者临床疗效及短期预后影响因素分析

目的探讨不同氧流量经鼻高流量湿化氧疗(HFNC)治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)患者的临床疗效,并筛选氧流量设置为60 L/min的HFNC治疗患者短期预后的影响因素。方法选取自2022年6月至2023年6月崇州市人民医院收治的150例AECOPD患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将患者分为低流量组、中流量组、高流量组,每组各50例。3组均给予HFNC治疗,其中,低流量组氧流量为30 L/min,中流量组氧流量为40 L/min,高流量组氧流量为60 L/min,持续治疗7 d。比较3组患者治疗后24 h短期疗效。治疗前、治疗后,比较3组动脉血气指标[二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、氧分压(PaO_(2))]、肺功能[用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、呼气峰值流量(PEF)],以及症状严重程度[慢性阻塞性肺疾病评估测试(CAT)、呼吸困难指数(mMRC)评分]。高流量组患者在经HFNC治疗后随访28 d,根据28 d疾病转归情况分为预后良好组(n=32)与预后不良组(n=18),分析氧流量设置为60 L/min的HFNC治疗患者短期预后影响因素。结果治疗后,3组PaCO_(2)低于治疗前,PaO_(2)、FVC、FEV1、PEF水平高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,高流量组、中流量组PaCO_(2)低于低流量组,且高流量组低于中流量组;高流量组、中流量组PaO_(2)、FVC、FEV1、PEF水平高于低流量组,且高流量组高于中流量组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,3组患者CAT评分、mMRC评分低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,高流量组、中流量组CAT评分、mMRC评分低于低流量组,且高流量组低于中流量组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高流量组、中流量组总有效率高于低流量组,且高流量组总有效率高于中流量组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、吸烟史、急性生理学与慢性健康评分、C反应蛋白、降钙素原、PaCO_(2)、PaO_(2)、CAT评分、mMRC评分、HFNC短期疗效是影响高流量HFNC治疗AECOPD短期预后的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论高流量HFNC可更好地改善AECOPD患者动脉血气、肺功能,提高短期疗效,但仍有部分患者受年龄、吸烟史、急性生理学与慢性健康评分、C反应蛋白、降钙素原、PaCO_(2)、PaO_(2)、CAT评分、mMRC评分、HFNC短期疗效等因素影响,预后不佳,临床中可根据上述危险因素早期制定相关措施以改善短期预后。

经皮置管静脉-动脉体外膜氧合支持撤机后血管事件发生情况及相关因素分析

目的分析经皮置管静脉-动脉体外膜氧合支持(V-A ECMO)撤机后的血管事件和发生的临床相关因素。方法回顾性分析郑州大学第二附属医院重症医学科77例成功撤机的V-A ECMO患者。将发生血管事件患者纳入病例组,未发生患者纳入对照组。比较两组患者临床资料,采用多因素分析logistic回归分析V-A ECMO撤机后血管事件的危险因素。结果2015—2023年,共有124例患者成功撤机,其中77例患者被纳入本研究。15例(15/77,19.48%)发生导管相关性深静脉血栓(CaDVT);7例出现动脉血管并发症(9/77,9.09%),其中3例为下肢动脉闭塞,涉及双侧胫前动脉、双侧胫后动脉远端和足背动脉节段,2例为股动脉血栓,均接受了动脉取栓术,2例为股动脉瘤。年龄≥60岁、ECMO前6 h序贯性器官功能衰竭(SOFA)评分、ECMO运行时间、ECMO撤机后感染与血管并发症相关。结论V-A ECMO患者撤机后的血管并发症主要表现为深静脉血栓和动脉并发症。年龄≥60岁、ECMO运行时间和ECMO撤机后感染是撤机后发生血管事件的独立危险因素。

感染性休克液体复苏完成时限对病情转归的影响

目的 探究感染性休克液体复苏完成时限对患者病情转归的影响。方法 选取2020年7月—2023年7月收治的感染性休克156例,根据液体复苏完成时限分为<1 h组68例、1~2 h组57例、≥2 h组31例。比较3组液体复苏前后急性生理和慢性健康状况评分(APACHEⅡ)、序贯器官衰竭评分(SOFA)、血流动力学指标[中心静脉压(CVP)、心指数、外周血管阻力指数(SVRI)、每搏量指数(SVI)]、血乳酸、pH值、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、血管外肺水指数(ELWI)、肺血管通透性指数(PVPI)、血肌酐、液体复苏量,以及去甲肾上腺素应用剂量、重症监护病房(ICU)住院时间、机械通气时间、28 d生存率。结果 <1 h组、1~2 h组复苏后APACHEⅡ、SOFA评分低于≥2 h组(P<0.05);≤1 h组、1~2 h组复苏后APACHEⅡ、SOFA评分无明显差异(P>0.05);<1 h组、1~2 h组复苏后CVP、心指数、SVI高于≥2 h组,SVRI低于≥2 h组(P<0.05);<1 h组、1~2 h组复苏后CVP、心指数、SVRI、SVI比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。<1 h组、1~2 h组复苏后血乳酸低于≥2 h组(P<0.05);<1 h组、1~2 h组复苏后血乳酸比较无明显差异(P>0.05);3组复苏后血pH值、PaO_(2)、PaCO_(2)比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。<1 h组复苏后ELWI、PVPI、血肌酐高于复苏前,并高于1~2 h组、≥2 h组(P<0.05);3组1 h液体复苏量比较无明显差异(P>0.05),<1 h组、1~2 h组、≥2 h组3 h液体复苏量呈依次降低趋势(P<0.05)。≥2 h组去甲肾上腺素剂量高于<1 h组、1~2 h组(P<0.05);<1 h组ICU住院时间、机械通气时间长于1~2 h组、≥2 h组(P<0.05)。1~2 h组、≥2 h组28 d生存率高于<1 h组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论 感染性休克患者初始液体复苏应在1~2 h内完成,能有效改善器官功能障碍和病情,维持血流动力学水平,加快恢复进程,促进病情良好转归。

床旁超声联合肺泡动脉氧分压差在儿童脓毒性休克液体复苏中的临床应用

目的研究床旁超声联合肺泡动脉氧分压差(alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient,PA-aO_(2))在脓毒性休克患儿液体复苏方面的临床价值。方法选取河北省儿童医院重症医学一科收治的脓毒性休克患儿38例,采用随机数字表法分为常规组和试验组,每组19例。所有患儿入院后均给予初始抗休克(20 mL/kg醋酸钠林格液)、抗感染、呼吸支持等综合治疗。常规组在初始液体复苏后按照国际指南目标(早期目标导向治疗6 h目标)继续液体复苏,试验组在初始液体复苏后依据床旁超声及PA-aO_(2)监测动态评估血流动力学,指导后续液体复苏。比较2组患儿的一般资料,液体复苏6、24、48 h的PA-aO_(2),液体复苏6 h后心率及平均动脉压,24 h乳酸清除率,48 h血管活性药物评分,48 h液体总入量,48 h后行血液净化治疗例数。结果2组患儿的性别、年龄、体重、预警评分、危重症评分、入院时的心率及平均动脉压、血乳酸、PA-aO_(2)差异均无统计学意义;2组患儿液体复苏6、24、48 h的PA-aO_(2)在组间、时点间、组间·时点间交互作用差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患儿液体复苏6 h后心率及平均动脉压、24 h乳酸清除率、48 h血管活性药物评分差异无统计学意义;试验组48 h液体总入量明显少于常规组,行血液净化例数少于常规组,其差异均有统计学意义。结论床旁超声联合、PA-aO_(2)可以精准指导脓毒性休克患儿的液体管理,优化容量状态,减少液体入量,降低发生肺水肿的风险,避免血液净化有创治疗,减轻儿童痛苦,益于儿童。

体外膜肺氧合支持下经皮冠状动脉介入治疗患者预后的影响因素

目的探讨动静脉体外膜肺氧合(VA-ECMO)支持下经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗急性心肌缺血合并难治性心源性休克患者预后的影响因素。方法回顾性分析2022年1月至2023年4月期间于兰州大学第一医院因急性心肌缺血合并难治性心源性休克接受VA-ECMO辅助行PCI治疗70例患者的临床资料,根据VA-ECMO撤机成功与否将其分为成功组(54例)和失败组(16例),比较两组患者一般资料、术中情况、血流动力学及生化指标结果,分析影响患者临床结局的独立风险因素。结果成功组ECMO辅助时间明显小于失败组(P<0.05),其余一般资料组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者术前TIMI分级、病变血管支数、IVUS使用情况、心电图结果、SYNTAX评分等差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与治疗前相比,ECMO辅助PCI治疗后患者的动脉血氧饱和度(SaO2)、左室每搏量(LVSV)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、二尖瓣侧壁瓣环收缩速度(Sa)、主动脉瓣口前向血流频谱(AV)、速度-时间积分(VTI)、三尖瓣瓣环收缩期位移(TAPSE)明显升高(P<0.05),左室收缩期末容积(LVESV)明显降低(P<0.05)。与失败组对比,成功组的心率(HR)、休克指数(SI)、血乳酸(Lac)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)及总胆红素(TBIL)更低(P<0.05)。两组ECMO流量、SaO2等指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单因素logistic回归分析结果显示ECMO辅助时间、HR、Lac、CRP、AST及TBIL是影响急性心肌缺血合并难治性心源性休克患者撤机失败的因素。结论VA-ECMO辅助PCI治疗可显著改善急性心肌缺血合并难治性心源性休克患者心脏功能,超声心动图参数(LVESV、LVSV、LVEF、Sa、AV、VTI、TAPSE)及临床指标(HR、Lac、CRP、AST、TBIL)动态评估对患者预后具有一定的临床价值。

新生儿胎粪吸入综合征预后关联因素分析及预测意义

目的:探究新生儿胎粪吸入综合征(MAS)预后结局的关联因素及预测意义。方法:回顾性分析2016年5月-2022年5月本院收治的MAS新生儿108例临床资料,根据治疗结果分为成功组与失败组并比较两组一般资料,多因素logistic回归法分析新生儿MAS预后结局的关联因素,受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析关联因素对新生儿MAS预后结局的预测价值。结果:108例MAS新生儿中,有21例院内死亡或放弃治疗(失败组),不良预后19.4%;成功组87例。多因素分析显示,窒息史(OR=1.370)、羊水污染程度高(OR=1.563)均是影响新生儿MAS预后结局的独立危险因素,补充益生菌(OR=0.700)、高动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))/吸入氧浓度(FiO_(2))(OR=0.770)是新生儿MAS预后结局的保护因素(均P<0.05),PaO_(2)/FiO_(2)预测新生儿MAS预后的曲线下面积为0.970,价值较高。结论:窒息史、羊水污染程度、补充益生菌、PaO_(2)/FiO_(2)均与是新生儿MAS预后结局影响因素,PaO_(2)/FiO_(2)有一定预测价值,早期识别危险因素并制定干预措施对改善患儿预后有益。

一例超低出生体重儿脐动脉置管后并发肢体缺血性坏死的护理

总结2022年11月我院收治的1例超低出生体重儿(ELBWI)脐动脉置管后并发肢体缺血性坏死的护理经验。护理要点:组建多学科团队,制定精细化护理方案,肢体缺血性坏死的及时识别,予以个体化护理包括做好血管活性药物用药护理,避免药物不良反应,保证湿度与温度,维持有效外环境以及局部氧疗。经过精心的治疗及护理,患儿顺利出院,且未发现肢体生长异常等远期并发症。

主动脉内球囊反搏与静脉-动脉体外膜氧合治疗心源性休克的研究进展

心源性休克是由于心脏泵血功能受损导致全身灌注不足和组织缺氧的临床综合征,是心脏病患者死亡的重要原因。主动脉内球囊反搏和静脉-动脉体外膜氧合是目前用于心源性休克治疗的两种主要机械循环支持装置,已成为帮助患者度过心功能失代偿危险期的“桥梁”治疗手段,但其最佳应用时机和临床治疗效果仍存在争议。本文对近年来主动脉内球囊反搏和静脉-动脉体外膜氧合治疗心源性休克的相关研究进行综述。