A new artificial diet for the diamondback moth,Plutella Xylostella(L), had been selected out successfully. The diet contained the following constituents: soybean powder, wheat germ, wheat bran powder, brewer's ye...A new artificial diet for the diamondback moth,Plutella Xylostella(L), had been selected out successfully. The diet contained the following constituents: soybean powder, wheat germ, wheat bran powder, brewer's yeast and other constituents. So far, the diamondback; moth had been reared on this artificial diet for 25 generations and still mantained its normal biological characteristics. Under 25±1℃ and 60%￣75%RH with 12 h PH,the results of rearing the diamondback moth on the diet as follows:egg hatch,81. 3%￣94. 7 %; survival from eggsto pupae, 55. 0% ￣ 76. 7 % 1 pupal survival, 79. 7 % ￣ 100 % ; adult emergence, 80% ￣ 100 %; fecundity 94. 7￣ 144.4 eggs/ ;pupal weight, 90. 4￣110. 8 mg/20 pupae; average days to adult: , 10. 2; 13. 1. The diet is not only simpler on the constituents but also have better r-earing results and more rearing generations.展开更多
Dried fruit beetles can be cultured easily using an artificial diet,therefore it is notnecessary to provide fruit.The ingredient are:Torula yeast,54g:Dried carrot,162g;Nipagin,2.4g;HCL Conc.7ml;Rain water,800ml.About6...Dried fruit beetles can be cultured easily using an artificial diet,therefore it is notnecessary to provide fruit.The ingredient are:Torula yeast,54g:Dried carrot,162g;Nipagin,2.4g;HCL Conc.7ml;Rain water,800ml.About60g of diet in pressed against one side of ahalf litre yogurt and sprinkled with a teaspoonful of active yeast.Two teaspoons full of diet ontop of the gauze lid and sprinkled with active yeast granules for the adults to eat and also to layeggs into.Up to2000 larvae should be produced from400 parents each week.About200 eggscan be collected,when making observations.The culture is rejuvenated each year with beetlescollected from the wild,kept isolated to avoid contamination of the culture room with mites.展开更多
Background Pink bollworm,Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)has become a poten-tial pest of cotton by causing substantial yield losses around the world including Pakistan.Keeping in view the fa...Background Pink bollworm,Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)has become a poten-tial pest of cotton by causing substantial yield losses around the world including Pakistan.Keeping in view the facts like limited research investigations,unavailability,and high cost of artificial diet’s constituents and their premixes,the present research investigations on the dietary aspect of P.gossypiella were conducted.The larvae of P.gossypiella were reared on different diets that were prepared using indigenous elements.The standard/laboratory diet com-prised of wheat germ meal 34.5 g,casein 30.0 g,agar–agar 20.0 g,sucrose 10.0 g,brewer’s yeast 5.0 g,α-cellulose 1.0 g,potassium-sorbate1.5 g,niplagin 0.5 g,decavitamin 0.01 g,choline-chloride 0.06 g,maize-oil 3.30 g,honey 2.0 g,and water 730.0 mL.Alternatives to cotton bolls and wheat germ meal were okra seed sprouts,okra fruit,cottonseed meal,and okra seed meals,which were included in the study to introduce an efficient and economic mass-rearing system.Results The larval development completed in 19.68d±0.05 d with a weight of 20.18mg±0.20 mg at the fourth instar fed on the cottonseed meal-based diet instead of wheat germ meal based diet.On the same diet,84.00%±4.00%,17.24 mg±0.03 mg,and 7.76d±0.06 d were recorded as pupae formation,pupal weight,and pupal duration,respectively.Adult emergence,76.00%±1.00%was recorded from pupae collected from larvae raised on cottonseed meal-based diet.These male and female moths lived for 40.25d±0.10 d,and 44.34d±0.11 d,respectively.Females deposited 21.28±0.04 eggs per day with the viability of 65.78%±0.14%.The larval mortal-ity at the fourth instar was 37.20%±1.36%and malformed pupation of 12.00%±1.41%was recorded.Replacement of wheat germ meal with that of local meals(cottonseed and okra seed)in the standard laboratory diet has saved 463.80 to 467.10 PKR with 1.62 to 1.63 cost economic returns,respectively.Conclusion This research is of novel nature as it provides a concise and workable system for the economic and suc-cessful rearing of P.gossypiella under laboratory conditions.展开更多
文摘A new artificial diet for the diamondback moth,Plutella Xylostella(L), had been selected out successfully. The diet contained the following constituents: soybean powder, wheat germ, wheat bran powder, brewer's yeast and other constituents. So far, the diamondback; moth had been reared on this artificial diet for 25 generations and still mantained its normal biological characteristics. Under 25±1℃ and 60%￣75%RH with 12 h PH,the results of rearing the diamondback moth on the diet as follows:egg hatch,81. 3%￣94. 7 %; survival from eggsto pupae, 55. 0% ￣ 76. 7 % 1 pupal survival, 79. 7 % ￣ 100 % ; adult emergence, 80% ￣ 100 %; fecundity 94. 7￣ 144.4 eggs/ ;pupal weight, 90. 4￣110. 8 mg/20 pupae; average days to adult: , 10. 2; 13. 1. The diet is not only simpler on the constituents but also have better r-earing results and more rearing generations.
文摘Dried fruit beetles can be cultured easily using an artificial diet,therefore it is notnecessary to provide fruit.The ingredient are:Torula yeast,54g:Dried carrot,162g;Nipagin,2.4g;HCL Conc.7ml;Rain water,800ml.About60g of diet in pressed against one side of ahalf litre yogurt and sprinkled with a teaspoonful of active yeast.Two teaspoons full of diet ontop of the gauze lid and sprinkled with active yeast granules for the adults to eat and also to layeggs into.Up to2000 larvae should be produced from400 parents each week.About200 eggscan be collected,when making observations.The culture is rejuvenated each year with beetlescollected from the wild,kept isolated to avoid contamination of the culture room with mites.
基金Punjab Agriculture Research Board funds for the project "A comprehensive integrated scientific approach for the development of sustainable management strategies of pink bollworm(Pectinophora gossypiella)".
文摘Background Pink bollworm,Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)has become a poten-tial pest of cotton by causing substantial yield losses around the world including Pakistan.Keeping in view the facts like limited research investigations,unavailability,and high cost of artificial diet’s constituents and their premixes,the present research investigations on the dietary aspect of P.gossypiella were conducted.The larvae of P.gossypiella were reared on different diets that were prepared using indigenous elements.The standard/laboratory diet com-prised of wheat germ meal 34.5 g,casein 30.0 g,agar–agar 20.0 g,sucrose 10.0 g,brewer’s yeast 5.0 g,α-cellulose 1.0 g,potassium-sorbate1.5 g,niplagin 0.5 g,decavitamin 0.01 g,choline-chloride 0.06 g,maize-oil 3.30 g,honey 2.0 g,and water 730.0 mL.Alternatives to cotton bolls and wheat germ meal were okra seed sprouts,okra fruit,cottonseed meal,and okra seed meals,which were included in the study to introduce an efficient and economic mass-rearing system.Results The larval development completed in 19.68d±0.05 d with a weight of 20.18mg±0.20 mg at the fourth instar fed on the cottonseed meal-based diet instead of wheat germ meal based diet.On the same diet,84.00%±4.00%,17.24 mg±0.03 mg,and 7.76d±0.06 d were recorded as pupae formation,pupal weight,and pupal duration,respectively.Adult emergence,76.00%±1.00%was recorded from pupae collected from larvae raised on cottonseed meal-based diet.These male and female moths lived for 40.25d±0.10 d,and 44.34d±0.11 d,respectively.Females deposited 21.28±0.04 eggs per day with the viability of 65.78%±0.14%.The larval mortal-ity at the fourth instar was 37.20%±1.36%and malformed pupation of 12.00%±1.41%was recorded.Replacement of wheat germ meal with that of local meals(cottonseed and okra seed)in the standard laboratory diet has saved 463.80 to 467.10 PKR with 1.62 to 1.63 cost economic returns,respectively.Conclusion This research is of novel nature as it provides a concise and workable system for the economic and suc-cessful rearing of P.gossypiella under laboratory conditions.
