Autoimmune encephalitis(AE)is a type of encephalitis caused by autoimmune disease.AE was included on a list of the first batch of 121 rare diseases published by the Chinese National Health Commission on 11^(th)May 201...Autoimmune encephalitis(AE)is a type of encephalitis caused by autoimmune disease.AE was included on a list of the first batch of 121 rare diseases published by the Chinese National Health Commission on 11^(th)May 2018.Currently,patients with AE account for 10%-20% of encephalitis cases,with 54%-80% of those cases classified as the anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor(NMDAR)type,which is the most common type.[1]In 2010,China reported the first case of a patient withanti-NMDARtype AE.展开更多
BACKGROUND Metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome.Studies suggest ornithine aspartate(LOLA)as drug therapy.AIM To analyze the influence of LOLA ...BACKGROUND Metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome.Studies suggest ornithine aspartate(LOLA)as drug therapy.AIM To analyze the influence of LOLA intake on gut microbiota using a nutritional model of MASLD.METHODS Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into three groups:Control(10 rats fed with a standard diet),MASLD(10 rats fed with a high-fat and choline-deficient diet),and LOLA(10 rats receiving 200 mg/kg/d LOLA,after the 16th week receiving high-fat and choline-deficient diet).After 28 wk of the experiment,animals were euthanized,and feces present in the intestine were collected.Following fecal DNA extraction,the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified followed by sequencing in an Ion S5™system.RESULTS Alpha and beta diversity metrics were comparable between MASLD and LOLA.3 OTUs were differentially abundant between MASLD and LOLA,which belong to the species Helicobacter rodentium,Parabacteroides goldsteinii,and Parabacteroides distasonis.The functional prediction provided two different metabolic profiles between MASLD and LOLA.The 9 pathways differentially abundant in MASLD are related to a change in energy source,adenosine/purine nucleotides degradation as well as guanosine and adenosine deoxyribonucleotides biosynthesis.The 14 pathways differentially abundant in LOLA are associated with four major metabolic functions primarily influenced by L-aspartate,including tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways,purine/guanosine nucleotides biosynthesis,pyrimidine ribonucleotides biosynthesis and salvage as well as lipid IVA biosynthesis.CONCLUSION Although LOLA had no influence on alpha and beta diversity in this nutritional model of MASLD,it was associated with changes in specific gut microbes and their related metabolic pathways.展开更多
Trachurus trachurus (locally called kote) is a table fish that has become increasingly important in the Nigerian diet because of its low price. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of processed kote on the a...Trachurus trachurus (locally called kote) is a table fish that has become increasingly important in the Nigerian diet because of its low price. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of processed kote on the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in selected tissues of weaned male albino rats using standard methods. Chemical analyses were carried out on processed fillet, skin, head & bone (SHB) diets under standard conditions. 40 male rats (40.76 ± 2.42 g) were fed with processed fillet or SHB diets for 14 days to assay for the activities of ALP in harvested samples of brain, liver, kidney, heart, stomach, small intestine and spleen;ALT and AST in the liver and heart. All data were subjected to analysis of variance by Duncan’s multiple range test and considered significant at a minimum of p < 0.05. Levels of ALP & AST in the liver, heart, kidney and brain were reduced (p < 0.05) in rats fed on test diets compared with the controls, but within accepted limit. The level of ALT in the kidney, stomach and small intestine were elevated (p < 0.05) compared to the controls, but within the accepted limit. In conclusion, coal smoked fillet and SHB greatly improved healthy growth of the rats, followed by the wood smoked and poached diets. Results suggested that processed kote SHB could be a veritable source of valuable nutrients for human food and animal feed.展开更多
Ischemic stroke represents a heavy burden on public health.Currently,recanalization is the only effective therapy for ischemic stroke in a small population of eligible patients.However,there is no effective adjunct me...Ischemic stroke represents a heavy burden on public health.Currently,recanalization is the only effective therapy for ischemic stroke in a small population of eligible patients.However,there is no effective adjunct medication for preventing neuron loss after reperfusion to mitigate longlasting brain injury.Extrasynaptic N-methyl-Daspartate receptors (esNMDARs) are the major cause of ischemic neuronal death.However,there is no inhibitor selectively ta rgeting esNMDARs without compromising the function of other"beneficial"syna ptic NMDARs.展开更多
The nomenclature for compounds that are modified with isotopes is growing every day. Compounds can be modified with isotopes either individually, in a functional group or groups, or completely with all atomic centers ...The nomenclature for compounds that are modified with isotopes is growing every day. Compounds can be modified with isotopes either individually, in a functional group or groups, or completely with all atomic centers of the element. This diversity of isotope-modified compounds increases the range of researches that can be studied using them. Compounds modified with isotopes of carbon-13 or nitrogen-15 can be converted into carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and molecular nitrogen. Currently, only the average value of carbon-13 or nitrogen-15 isotopes can be determined. However, by directly determining the atomic share of these isotopes in organic compounds modified with isotopes, information about the isotopic centers of the element can be obtained. The atomic fraction of an element is defined as a single carbon or nitrogen isotope-modified center or centers, or all centers that are isotope-modified with that element at the same time. Carbon-13 or nitrogen-15 isotopes’ atomic fraction can be determined molecularly or with fragment ions of different elemental content, or both. This makes the method self-verifying, increasing the accuracy and reliability of the results obtained. Amino acids, such as asparagine, aspartic acid, methionine, and threonine, are essential for the human body. This proposed method of isotopic analysis will increase the possibilities for scientific research using these compounds.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81970072 to LXT)the Leading Medical Talent Project of Shanghai Pudong Heath Bureau(PWRI2019-05 to LXT)+3 种基金the Action Plan for Scientific and Technological Innovation of Shanghai Scientific Committee of China(20Y11901200 to LXT)the Municipal Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai Scientific Committee of China(22ZR1451000 to LXT)the Key Clinical Discipline of Shanghai Pudong Heath Bureau(PWZxk2022-17 to LXT)the Clinical Peak Discipline of Shanghai Pudong Heath Bureau(PWYgf2021-03)。
文摘Autoimmune encephalitis(AE)is a type of encephalitis caused by autoimmune disease.AE was included on a list of the first batch of 121 rare diseases published by the Chinese National Health Commission on 11^(th)May 2018.Currently,patients with AE account for 10%-20% of encephalitis cases,with 54%-80% of those cases classified as the anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor(NMDAR)type,which is the most common type.[1]In 2010,China reported the first case of a patient withanti-NMDARtype AE.
基金Financiamento e IncentivoàPesquisa from Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre(FIPE/HCPA),No.2020-0037Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel,CAPES/PNPDand the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq).
文摘BACKGROUND Metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome.Studies suggest ornithine aspartate(LOLA)as drug therapy.AIM To analyze the influence of LOLA intake on gut microbiota using a nutritional model of MASLD.METHODS Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into three groups:Control(10 rats fed with a standard diet),MASLD(10 rats fed with a high-fat and choline-deficient diet),and LOLA(10 rats receiving 200 mg/kg/d LOLA,after the 16th week receiving high-fat and choline-deficient diet).After 28 wk of the experiment,animals were euthanized,and feces present in the intestine were collected.Following fecal DNA extraction,the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified followed by sequencing in an Ion S5™system.RESULTS Alpha and beta diversity metrics were comparable between MASLD and LOLA.3 OTUs were differentially abundant between MASLD and LOLA,which belong to the species Helicobacter rodentium,Parabacteroides goldsteinii,and Parabacteroides distasonis.The functional prediction provided two different metabolic profiles between MASLD and LOLA.The 9 pathways differentially abundant in MASLD are related to a change in energy source,adenosine/purine nucleotides degradation as well as guanosine and adenosine deoxyribonucleotides biosynthesis.The 14 pathways differentially abundant in LOLA are associated with four major metabolic functions primarily influenced by L-aspartate,including tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways,purine/guanosine nucleotides biosynthesis,pyrimidine ribonucleotides biosynthesis and salvage as well as lipid IVA biosynthesis.CONCLUSION Although LOLA had no influence on alpha and beta diversity in this nutritional model of MASLD,it was associated with changes in specific gut microbes and their related metabolic pathways.
文摘Trachurus trachurus (locally called kote) is a table fish that has become increasingly important in the Nigerian diet because of its low price. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of processed kote on the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in selected tissues of weaned male albino rats using standard methods. Chemical analyses were carried out on processed fillet, skin, head & bone (SHB) diets under standard conditions. 40 male rats (40.76 ± 2.42 g) were fed with processed fillet or SHB diets for 14 days to assay for the activities of ALP in harvested samples of brain, liver, kidney, heart, stomach, small intestine and spleen;ALT and AST in the liver and heart. All data were subjected to analysis of variance by Duncan’s multiple range test and considered significant at a minimum of p < 0.05. Levels of ALP & AST in the liver, heart, kidney and brain were reduced (p < 0.05) in rats fed on test diets compared with the controls, but within accepted limit. The level of ALT in the kidney, stomach and small intestine were elevated (p < 0.05) compared to the controls, but within the accepted limit. In conclusion, coal smoked fillet and SHB greatly improved healthy growth of the rats, followed by the wood smoked and poached diets. Results suggested that processed kote SHB could be a veritable source of valuable nutrients for human food and animal feed.
基金National Institute of Health (R01-HL143750)American Heart Association (19TPA34890022) to LY。
文摘Ischemic stroke represents a heavy burden on public health.Currently,recanalization is the only effective therapy for ischemic stroke in a small population of eligible patients.However,there is no effective adjunct medication for preventing neuron loss after reperfusion to mitigate longlasting brain injury.Extrasynaptic N-methyl-Daspartate receptors (esNMDARs) are the major cause of ischemic neuronal death.However,there is no inhibitor selectively ta rgeting esNMDARs without compromising the function of other"beneficial"syna ptic NMDARs.
文摘The nomenclature for compounds that are modified with isotopes is growing every day. Compounds can be modified with isotopes either individually, in a functional group or groups, or completely with all atomic centers of the element. This diversity of isotope-modified compounds increases the range of researches that can be studied using them. Compounds modified with isotopes of carbon-13 or nitrogen-15 can be converted into carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and molecular nitrogen. Currently, only the average value of carbon-13 or nitrogen-15 isotopes can be determined. However, by directly determining the atomic share of these isotopes in organic compounds modified with isotopes, information about the isotopic centers of the element can be obtained. The atomic fraction of an element is defined as a single carbon or nitrogen isotope-modified center or centers, or all centers that are isotope-modified with that element at the same time. Carbon-13 or nitrogen-15 isotopes’ atomic fraction can be determined molecularly or with fragment ions of different elemental content, or both. This makes the method self-verifying, increasing the accuracy and reliability of the results obtained. Amino acids, such as asparagine, aspartic acid, methionine, and threonine, are essential for the human body. This proposed method of isotopic analysis will increase the possibilities for scientific research using these compounds.
