超声引导下改良塞丁格穿刺法在PICC置管中的应用效果

目的观察超声引导下改良塞丁格穿刺法在PICC置管患者中的临床应用效果。方法采集2019年1月至2019年12月间在我院行PICC置管的肿瘤化疗患者100例,采用随机数字表法均分为实验组和对照组,每组各50例。对照组实施传统PICC盲穿,实验组实施超声引导下改良塞丁格穿刺,观察两组患者PICC置管一次性成功率、置管后断管、机械性静脉炎和静脉血栓的发生率和患者满意度。结果实验组PICC置管一次性成功率明显高于对照组,置管后断管和机械性静脉炎发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者在置管后静脉血栓发生率方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);实验组总满意度(100%)明显高于对照组(92%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超声引导下改良塞丁格穿刺法可提高PICC置管一次性成功率,降低并发症,减轻患者痛苦。

留置导尿管致泌尿道感染的原因及护理

目的分析留置尿管患者泌尿道感染的原因及护理方法。方法医院泌尿外科住院期间留置尿管患者112例,分别于导尿后1、5、10d取尿液作细菌学检查,分析感染发生原因,并提出护理对策。结果 112例患者中发生泌尿道感染44例(39.29%);泌尿道感染的发生与性别、年龄、留置尿管的时间及抗生素应用有关。结论临床上应尽量缩短留置导尿管的时间并避免不必要的抗生素应用,以降低泌尿道感染的发生率。

Effects of Straw Returning and Chemical Control on Occurrence Quantity of Athetis lepigone Moschler in Summer Maize Fields

Athetis lepigone Moschler is a new kind of insect pest occurring in summer corn production areas. By investigation, it was found especially serious in straw returning fields. In this paper, its damage status was investigated in straw returning and chemical controlled fields, respectively. The results showed that the rate of damaged plants was 82% and the maximum pest number per 100 plants was 88 heads in the straw returning fields without chemical control. The application of herbicides and pesticides had no significant effects on occurrence quantity and damage rate, but the pest number per 100 plants decreased a little compared to the fields without chemical control. In the surer er maize fields without straw returning, the application of herbicides and pesticides could significantly decrease the damage of Athetis lepigone, the rate of damaged plants was 20%, and the pest number per 100 plants was 6.

序贯选用尿管联合山莨菪碱对导尿患者漏尿的干预效果研究

目的观察序贯选用尿管联合山莨菪碱对神经内科导尿患者漏尿的效果。方法240例住院且需较长时间留置尿管的患者根据入院时间随机分为对照组和观察组，每组各120例。对照组给予常规固定大小导尿管；观察组初次导尿时依据患者个体情况选用其适用的最小型号的双腔气囊尿管，并在定期更换尿管时序贯式依次加大型号，观察两组漏尿率。对出现漏尿患者，给予山莨菪碱10mg肌内注射。结果观察组漏尿率为6．67％，显著低于对照组的20．83％（X^2=10．15，P〈0．05），对漏尿患者肌内注射山莨菪碱的有效率为96．97％（32／33）。结论序贯选用尿管可显著减少漏尿的发生，山莨菪碱可有效控制漏尿，极大地减少了患者的痛苦。