Purpose:Auditory nerve injury is one of the most common nerve injury complications of skull base fractures.However,there is currently a lack of auxiliary examination methods for its direct diagnosis.The purpose of thi...Purpose:Auditory nerve injury is one of the most common nerve injury complications of skull base fractures.However,there is currently a lack of auxiliary examination methods for its direct diagnosis.The purpose of this study was to find a more efficient and accurate means of diagnosis for auditory nerve injury.Methods:Through retrospectively analyzing the results of brainstem auditory evoked potential(BAEP)and high-resolution CT(HRCT)in 37 patients with hearing impairment following trauma from January 1,2018 to July 31,2020,the role of the two inspection methods in the diagnosis of auditory nerve injury was studied.Inclusion criteria were patient had a clear history of trauma and unilateral hearing impairment after trauma;while exclusion criteria were:(1)severe patient with a Glasgow coma scale score<5 because these patients were classified as severe head injury and admitted to the intensive care unit,(2)patient in the subacute stage admitted 72 h after trauma,and(3)patient with prior hearing impairment before trauma.According to Goodman's classification of hearing impairment,the patients were divided into low/medium/severe injury groups.In addition,patients were divided into HRCT-positive and negative groups for further investigation with their BAEP results.The positive rates of BEAP for each group were observed,and the results were analyzed by Chi-square test(p<0.05,regarded as statistical difference).Results:A total of 37 patients were included,including 21 males and 16 females.All of them were hospitalized patients with GCS score of 6-15 at the time of admission.The BAEP positive rate in the medium and severe injury group was 100%,which was significantly higher than that in the low injury group(27.27%)(p<0.01).The rate of BEAP positivity was significantly higher in the HRCT-positive group(20/30,66.7%)than in the HRCT-negative group(1/7,14.3%)(p<0.05).Twenty patients(54.05%)were both positive for BEAP and HRCT test,and considered to have auditory nerve damage.Six patients(16.22%)were both negative for BEAP and HRCT test,and 10 patients(27.03%)were BAEP-negative but HRCT-positive:all the 16 patients were considered as non-neurological injury.The rest 1 case(2.70%)was BAEP-positive but HRCT-negative,which we speculate may have auditory nerve concussion.Conclusion:By way of BAEP combining with skull base HRCT,we may improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of auditory nerve injury.Such a diagnostic strategy may be beneficial to guiding treatment plans and evaluating prognosis.展开更多
The binaural masking level difference(BMLD)is a psychoacoustic method to determine binaural interaction and central auditory processes.The BMLD is the difference in hearing thresholds in homophasic and antiphasic cond...The binaural masking level difference(BMLD)is a psychoacoustic method to determine binaural interaction and central auditory processes.The BMLD is the difference in hearing thresholds in homophasic and antiphasic conditions.The duration,phase and frequency of the stimuli can affect the BMLD.The main aim of the study is to evaluate the BMLD for stimuli of different durations and frequencies which could also be used in future electrophysiological studies.To this end we developed a GUI to present different frequency signals of variable duration and determine the BMLD.Three different durations and five different frequencies are explored.The results of the study confirm that the hearing threshold for the antiphasic condition is lower than the hearing threshold for the homophasic condition and that differences are significant for signals of 18ms and 48ms duration.Future objective binaural processing studies will be based on 18ms and 48ms stimuli with the same frequencies as used in the current study.展开更多
The waltzing guinea pig may be a good model to investigate if genetic factor can change the sensitivity in noise-induced hearing loss.A total of 34 waltzig guinea pigs were studied and we found that there is no any si...The waltzing guinea pig may be a good model to investigate if genetic factor can change the sensitivity in noise-induced hearing loss.A total of 34 waltzig guinea pigs were studied and we found that there is no any significant increased sensitivity to noise trauma if the age-induced hearing loss was considered in waltzing guinea pig.展开更多
The aim of this research was to investigate the variations of P50 auditory sensory gating(P50)in normal healthy adults and the first onset schizophrenics.By using the American Nicolet Bravo electromyography/evoked pot...The aim of this research was to investigate the variations of P50 auditory sensory gating(P50)in normal healthy adults and the first onset schizophrenics.By using the American Nicolet Bravo electromyography/evoked potential(EMG/EP)system,P50 was measured with conditioning-testing paradigm(paired-click stimuli S1 and S2 were used)in 58 first onset schizophrenics and 108 healthy adults,and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS)was applied.The following three conclusions have been reached.(1)In normal control(NC)group,measured from central,anterior and posterior zone(Cz,Fz and Pz respectively),there were no statistical differences(P>0.05)between S1 and S2 evoked P50 peak latencies(S1-P50 and S2-P50);the ampli-tudes of S2-P50[(2.2P1.4),(2.3P1.5)and(2.1P1.4)μV respectively]reduced significantly as compared with S1-P50[(5.6P3.3),(5.6P3.9)and(4.9P2.8)μV respectively](P<0.01);the S2/S1 ration,S1-S2 difference,and 100(1-S2/S1)had no statistical differences(P>0.05).(2)Compared with NC,the schizophrenic group significantly showed lower S1-P50 amplitudes(P<0.01,except at Pz in whichZ=2.030,P=0.042),higher S2-P50 amplitudes,higher S2/S1 ratio,lower S1-S2 difference,and more decreased 100(1-S2/S1)(P<0.01)at Cz,Fz and Pz.(3)No significant correlations were found among S2/S1 ratio,S1-S2,100(1-S2/S1)of sen-sory gating and PANSS(P>0.05)in schizophrenic group.The first onset schizophrenics had sensory gating deficits,which could be quantified by P50.展开更多
Zebrafish have the potential to regrow injured organs and tissues,but their use as a model for hearing regeneration following blast injury has never been reported.In this study,zebrafish were exposed to a blast wave p...Zebrafish have the potential to regrow injured organs and tissues,but their use as a model for hearing regeneration following blast injury has never been reported.In this study,zebrafish were exposed to a blast wave produced by an underwater blast wave generator.The first peak sound pressures produced by this generator were up to 224dB and 160kPa,measured at 25cm away from the machine.Zebrafish hearing sensitivity was examined by analyzing auditory evoked potentials from 1 to 35 days post blast wave exposure.Cell death and cell proliferation in inner ear organs,including the saccule,lagena,and utricle,were investigated using a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling assay,and cell proliferation assay using 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine,respectively.Significant differences in auditory evoked potential thresholds were observed between exposed and control groups,demonstrating both blast wave-induced hearing loss and recovery of hearing sensitivity.An apoptosis assay revealed significantly increased numbers of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labelingpositive cells in the inner ear sensory epithelia of exposed groups compared with the control group.However,numbers of 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine-positive cells in the inner ear of exposed groups recovered to a normal level within 10 post blast wave exposure.Furthermore,blast wave exposure caused brain injury with increased cell apoptosis and decreased neurogenesis.Compared with drug or noise-induced zebrafish models,our blast wave-induced model elicited more serious hearing loss phenotypes,which required more time to return to a normal level.Overall,this zebrafish model can provide a reliable animal model for both hearing loss and regeneration research.The study was approved by the Shanghai 6th Hospital Animal Care and Use Committee,China(approval No.2017-0196)on February 28,2017.展开更多
文摘Purpose:Auditory nerve injury is one of the most common nerve injury complications of skull base fractures.However,there is currently a lack of auxiliary examination methods for its direct diagnosis.The purpose of this study was to find a more efficient and accurate means of diagnosis for auditory nerve injury.Methods:Through retrospectively analyzing the results of brainstem auditory evoked potential(BAEP)and high-resolution CT(HRCT)in 37 patients with hearing impairment following trauma from January 1,2018 to July 31,2020,the role of the two inspection methods in the diagnosis of auditory nerve injury was studied.Inclusion criteria were patient had a clear history of trauma and unilateral hearing impairment after trauma;while exclusion criteria were:(1)severe patient with a Glasgow coma scale score<5 because these patients were classified as severe head injury and admitted to the intensive care unit,(2)patient in the subacute stage admitted 72 h after trauma,and(3)patient with prior hearing impairment before trauma.According to Goodman's classification of hearing impairment,the patients were divided into low/medium/severe injury groups.In addition,patients were divided into HRCT-positive and negative groups for further investigation with their BAEP results.The positive rates of BEAP for each group were observed,and the results were analyzed by Chi-square test(p<0.05,regarded as statistical difference).Results:A total of 37 patients were included,including 21 males and 16 females.All of them were hospitalized patients with GCS score of 6-15 at the time of admission.The BAEP positive rate in the medium and severe injury group was 100%,which was significantly higher than that in the low injury group(27.27%)(p<0.01).The rate of BEAP positivity was significantly higher in the HRCT-positive group(20/30,66.7%)than in the HRCT-negative group(1/7,14.3%)(p<0.05).Twenty patients(54.05%)were both positive for BEAP and HRCT test,and considered to have auditory nerve damage.Six patients(16.22%)were both negative for BEAP and HRCT test,and 10 patients(27.03%)were BAEP-negative but HRCT-positive:all the 16 patients were considered as non-neurological injury.The rest 1 case(2.70%)was BAEP-positive but HRCT-negative,which we speculate may have auditory nerve concussion.Conclusion:By way of BAEP combining with skull base HRCT,we may improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of auditory nerve injury.Such a diagnostic strategy may be beneficial to guiding treatment plans and evaluating prognosis.
文摘The binaural masking level difference(BMLD)is a psychoacoustic method to determine binaural interaction and central auditory processes.The BMLD is the difference in hearing thresholds in homophasic and antiphasic conditions.The duration,phase and frequency of the stimuli can affect the BMLD.The main aim of the study is to evaluate the BMLD for stimuli of different durations and frequencies which could also be used in future electrophysiological studies.To this end we developed a GUI to present different frequency signals of variable duration and determine the BMLD.Three different durations and five different frequencies are explored.The results of the study confirm that the hearing threshold for the antiphasic condition is lower than the hearing threshold for the homophasic condition and that differences are significant for signals of 18ms and 48ms duration.Future objective binaural processing studies will be based on 18ms and 48ms stimuli with the same frequencies as used in the current study.
基金supported by Tysta Skolan and Karolinska Institutet,Stockholm,Sweden
文摘The waltzing guinea pig may be a good model to investigate if genetic factor can change the sensitivity in noise-induced hearing loss.A total of 34 waltzig guinea pigs were studied and we found that there is no any significant increased sensitivity to noise trauma if the age-induced hearing loss was considered in waltzing guinea pig.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.0470626).
文摘The aim of this research was to investigate the variations of P50 auditory sensory gating(P50)in normal healthy adults and the first onset schizophrenics.By using the American Nicolet Bravo electromyography/evoked potential(EMG/EP)system,P50 was measured with conditioning-testing paradigm(paired-click stimuli S1 and S2 were used)in 58 first onset schizophrenics and 108 healthy adults,and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS)was applied.The following three conclusions have been reached.(1)In normal control(NC)group,measured from central,anterior and posterior zone(Cz,Fz and Pz respectively),there were no statistical differences(P>0.05)between S1 and S2 evoked P50 peak latencies(S1-P50 and S2-P50);the ampli-tudes of S2-P50[(2.2P1.4),(2.3P1.5)and(2.1P1.4)μV respectively]reduced significantly as compared with S1-P50[(5.6P3.3),(5.6P3.9)and(4.9P2.8)μV respectively](P<0.01);the S2/S1 ration,S1-S2 difference,and 100(1-S2/S1)had no statistical differences(P>0.05).(2)Compared with NC,the schizophrenic group significantly showed lower S1-P50 amplitudes(P<0.01,except at Pz in whichZ=2.030,P=0.042),higher S2-P50 amplitudes,higher S2/S1 ratio,lower S1-S2 difference,and more decreased 100(1-S2/S1)(P<0.01)at Cz,Fz and Pz.(3)No significant correlations were found among S2/S1 ratio,S1-S2,100(1-S2/S1)of sen-sory gating and PANSS(P>0.05)in schizophrenic group.The first onset schizophrenics had sensory gating deficits,which could be quantified by P50.
基金the State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81530029 to SY)International Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.8171001156 to SY)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81771007 to JW)the Major Program of Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology of China(No.14DJ1400202 to SY).
文摘Zebrafish have the potential to regrow injured organs and tissues,but their use as a model for hearing regeneration following blast injury has never been reported.In this study,zebrafish were exposed to a blast wave produced by an underwater blast wave generator.The first peak sound pressures produced by this generator were up to 224dB and 160kPa,measured at 25cm away from the machine.Zebrafish hearing sensitivity was examined by analyzing auditory evoked potentials from 1 to 35 days post blast wave exposure.Cell death and cell proliferation in inner ear organs,including the saccule,lagena,and utricle,were investigated using a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling assay,and cell proliferation assay using 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine,respectively.Significant differences in auditory evoked potential thresholds were observed between exposed and control groups,demonstrating both blast wave-induced hearing loss and recovery of hearing sensitivity.An apoptosis assay revealed significantly increased numbers of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labelingpositive cells in the inner ear sensory epithelia of exposed groups compared with the control group.However,numbers of 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine-positive cells in the inner ear of exposed groups recovered to a normal level within 10 post blast wave exposure.Furthermore,blast wave exposure caused brain injury with increased cell apoptosis and decreased neurogenesis.Compared with drug or noise-induced zebrafish models,our blast wave-induced model elicited more serious hearing loss phenotypes,which required more time to return to a normal level.Overall,this zebrafish model can provide a reliable animal model for both hearing loss and regeneration research.The study was approved by the Shanghai 6th Hospital Animal Care and Use Committee,China(approval No.2017-0196)on February 28,2017.
