Congestion is the prime cause of problems, due to open access of power system. The AC Power Transmission Congestion Distribution factor (PTCDF) is suitable for computing change in any line quantity for a change in MW ...Congestion is the prime cause of problems, due to open access of power system. The AC Power Transmission Congestion Distribution factor (PTCDF) is suitable for computing change in any line quantity for a change in MW bilateral transaction. The proposed PTCDF method is more accurate as compared to the DC power distribution factor. With PTCDF ATC can be calculated. After calculating ATC it is possible to know the valid multiple transaction on power system. With the help of ATC calculations congestion problem can be solved in restructured electrical power network. The paper presents the method for calculating ATC using PTCDF.展开更多
In order to facilitate the electricity market operation and trade in the restructured environment, ample transmission capability should be provided to satisfy the demand of increasing power transactions. The conflict ...In order to facilitate the electricity market operation and trade in the restructured environment, ample transmission capability should be provided to satisfy the demand of increasing power transactions. The conflict of this requirement and the restrictions on the transmission expansion in the restructured electrical market has motivated the development of methodologies to enhance the Available Transfer Capability (ATC) of the existing transmission grids. The insertion of FACTS devices in electrical systems seems to be a promising strategy to enhance ATC. In this paper, the viability and technical merits of boosting ATC using Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC) is being analyzed. The work has been carried out on IEEE 30 bus and IEEE 118 bus systems. Bilateral and multilateral transactions are considered. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm and Genetic Algorithm (GA) are employed to obtain the optimal settings of TCSC.展开更多
This paper deals with power transfer capability enhancement using two common Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems （FACTS） devices, Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor （TCSC） and Static Var Compensat...This paper deals with power transfer capability enhancement using two common Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems （FACTS） devices, Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor （TCSC） and Static Var Compensator （SVC）. For this purpose, at first the optimal place of TCSC and SVC is investigated and the optimal size is determined. At the end, a comparison is made between the two FACTS devices. For calculating Available Transfer Capability （ATC）, Repeated Power-Flow （RPF） rule used, and the network limitations such as voltage, stability, thermal capacity, and power generation limits are taken into consideration. The proposed algorithm is run on a sample network. Results show effectiveness of TCSC in situations where the thermal limit is the dominant limitation of the network. In such situations, SVC is almost useless. It was also seen that under conditions of voltage limitations, both elements are helpful for the enhancement of ATC.展开更多
As fossil fuel stocks are being depleted,alternative sources of energy must be explored.Consequently,traditional thermal power plants must coexist with renewable resources,such as wind,solar,and hydro units,and all-da...As fossil fuel stocks are being depleted,alternative sources of energy must be explored.Consequently,traditional thermal power plants must coexist with renewable resources,such as wind,solar,and hydro units,and all-day planning and operation techniques are necessary to safeguard nature while meeting the current demand.The fundamental components of contemporary power systems are the simultaneous decrease in generation costs and increase in the available transfer capacity(ATC)of current systems.Thermal units are linked to sources of renewable energy such as hydro,wind,and solar power,and are set up to run for 24 h.By contrast,new research reports that various chaotic maps are merged with various existing optimization methodologies to obtain better results than those without the inclusion of chaos.Chaos seems to increase the performance and convergence properties of existing optimization approaches.In this study,selfish animal tendencies,mathematically represented as selfish herd optimizers,were hybridized with chaotic phenomena and used to improve ATC and/or reduce generation costs,creating a multi-objective optimization problem.To evaluate the performance of the proposed hybridized optimization technique,an optimal power flow-based ATC was enforced under various hydro-thermal-solar-wind conditions,that is,the renewable energy source-thermal scheduling concept,on IEEE 9-bus,IEEE 39-bus,and Indian Northern Region Power Grid 246-bus test systems.The findings show that the proposed technique outperforms existing well-established optimization strategies.展开更多
针对交直流电网输电能力计算中考虑暂态稳定约束的必要性和复杂性,提出了一种考虑暂态稳定约束的交直流电网可用输电能力(Available Transfer Capability,ATC)实用计算方法。以电力系统分析综合程序为内置计算平台,以VC++编写计算流程,...针对交直流电网输电能力计算中考虑暂态稳定约束的必要性和复杂性,提出了一种考虑暂态稳定约束的交直流电网可用输电能力(Available Transfer Capability,ATC)实用计算方法。以电力系统分析综合程序为内置计算平台,以VC++编写计算流程,采用重复潮流算法实现对模型求解。以山东电网为例进行分析,计算及仿真结果表明所提方法能够考虑输电能力计算中涉及到的静态和暂态稳定约束,协调了经济性和安全性两方面,具有较好的功能性。所提算法实用性强且易于编程实现,可有效应用于实际电网的ATC计算与分析。展开更多
随着风电大规模并网,其波动性、间歇性及时空相关性对可用输电能力(available transfer capability,ATC)计算带来极大挑战,建立考虑风速时空相关性的基于直流潮流的含风电场系统可用输电能力计算模型。同时考虑风速时空相关性与负荷波...随着风电大规模并网,其波动性、间歇性及时空相关性对可用输电能力(available transfer capability,ATC)计算带来极大挑战,建立考虑风速时空相关性的基于直流潮流的含风电场系统可用输电能力计算模型。同时考虑风速时空相关性与负荷波动性对系统潮流分布的影响,并采用交替方向乘子法(alternating direction method of multipliers,ADMM)对ATC模型进行优化求解,以提高计算速度,实现系统ATC的快速计算。以IEEE-9、IEEE-39、IEEE-118测试系统进行仿真,验证该算法的准确性和有效性。展开更多
提出了包括传统静态安全性和鞍结分岔稳定性的可用输电能力(Available Transfer Capability,ATC)的新模型.该模型将系统安全性约束的众多不等式转化为一个半光滑等式约束方程组,结合鞍结分岔稳定性的约束条件,构建了一类同时考虑安全性...提出了包括传统静态安全性和鞍结分岔稳定性的可用输电能力(Available Transfer Capability,ATC)的新模型.该模型将系统安全性约束的众多不等式转化为一个半光滑等式约束方程组,结合鞍结分岔稳定性的约束条件,构建了一类同时考虑安全性和稳定性的ATC模型的半光滑方程系统.基于光滑化策略和方法,建立了模型求解的Levenberg-Marquardt计算方法.9节点和30节点系统的计算结果表明该模型和计算方法的可行性和有效性.展开更多
建立考虑风速时空相关性的基于最优潮流(optimal power flow,OPF)的含风电系统可用输电能力计算模型。计算具有时空相关性的风速预测误差,将预测误差与风速预测值叠加得到具有时空相关性的风速预测值;同时考虑风速时空相关性与负荷波动...建立考虑风速时空相关性的基于最优潮流(optimal power flow,OPF)的含风电系统可用输电能力计算模型。计算具有时空相关性的风速预测误差,将预测误差与风速预测值叠加得到具有时空相关性的风速预测值;同时考虑风速时空相关性与负荷波动性,采用原对偶内点法对基于最优潮流的ATC模型进行优化求解。在不同场景下,对含风电场的改进IEEE-39节点系统进行仿真,验证模型的准确性,为电力系统安全稳定运行和风电并网系统的规划提供参考依据。展开更多
近年来,随着清洁能源占比的持续攀升和跨省跨区交易电量规模的日益扩大,我国电力市场建设亟需充分利用输电通道容量以及避免网络阻塞导致交易效率降低的问题。从北欧与美国PJM电力市场的建设经验来看,可用传输容量(available transfer c...近年来,随着清洁能源占比的持续攀升和跨省跨区交易电量规模的日益扩大,我国电力市场建设亟需充分利用输电通道容量以及避免网络阻塞导致交易效率降低的问题。从北欧与美国PJM电力市场的建设经验来看,可用传输容量(available transfer capability,ATC)作为电网跨区功率交换水平的重要量化指标,对于提高输电通道利用效率或降低网络阻塞风险可以起到关键作用。因此,需要紧密结合国外典型电力市场在ATC应用上的相关做法,形成对我国的借鉴与启示,并对ATC如何应用于我国电力市场进行深入研究。首先介绍了ATC的定义及其计算方法。在此基础上,梳理以北欧与美国PJM为代表的典型电力市场中ATC的相关应用情况并进行对比总结。然后,结合我国电网建设和电力市场发展现状,指出目前我国电力市场考虑ATC的必要性,并凝练ATC应用的关键问题。最后,基于国外典型电力市场ATC应用经验和我国实际情况,探讨我国电力市场环境下ATC应用关键问题的解决思路。展开更多
The approach of available transfer capability （denoted as ATC） incorporating wind generation has been paid very high attention since the development of wind generation. Based on the maximum function, this paper pres...The approach of available transfer capability （denoted as ATC） incorporating wind generation has been paid very high attention since the development of wind generation. Based on the maximum function, this paper presents an ATC model. The characteristic of the new model is twofold. First, it considers wind turbines connected to power system and static security of power system simultaneously. Second, it is a system of semismooth equations and can be solved easily. By using the smoothing strategy, a smoothing Newton method is adopted for solving the proposed new ATC model. Numerical simulation results of the IEEE 30-bus and 118-bus system show that the new model and algorithm are feasible and effective. The impact of wind turbines connected to power system on ATC is also analyzed.展开更多
文摘Congestion is the prime cause of problems, due to open access of power system. The AC Power Transmission Congestion Distribution factor (PTCDF) is suitable for computing change in any line quantity for a change in MW bilateral transaction. The proposed PTCDF method is more accurate as compared to the DC power distribution factor. With PTCDF ATC can be calculated. After calculating ATC it is possible to know the valid multiple transaction on power system. With the help of ATC calculations congestion problem can be solved in restructured electrical power network. The paper presents the method for calculating ATC using PTCDF.
文摘In order to facilitate the electricity market operation and trade in the restructured environment, ample transmission capability should be provided to satisfy the demand of increasing power transactions. The conflict of this requirement and the restrictions on the transmission expansion in the restructured electrical market has motivated the development of methodologies to enhance the Available Transfer Capability (ATC) of the existing transmission grids. The insertion of FACTS devices in electrical systems seems to be a promising strategy to enhance ATC. In this paper, the viability and technical merits of boosting ATC using Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC) is being analyzed. The work has been carried out on IEEE 30 bus and IEEE 118 bus systems. Bilateral and multilateral transactions are considered. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm and Genetic Algorithm (GA) are employed to obtain the optimal settings of TCSC.
文摘This paper deals with power transfer capability enhancement using two common Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems （FACTS） devices, Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor （TCSC） and Static Var Compensator （SVC）. For this purpose, at first the optimal place of TCSC and SVC is investigated and the optimal size is determined. At the end, a comparison is made between the two FACTS devices. For calculating Available Transfer Capability （ATC）, Repeated Power-Flow （RPF） rule used, and the network limitations such as voltage, stability, thermal capacity, and power generation limits are taken into consideration. The proposed algorithm is run on a sample network. Results show effectiveness of TCSC in situations where the thermal limit is the dominant limitation of the network. In such situations, SVC is almost useless. It was also seen that under conditions of voltage limitations, both elements are helpful for the enhancement of ATC.
文摘As fossil fuel stocks are being depleted,alternative sources of energy must be explored.Consequently,traditional thermal power plants must coexist with renewable resources,such as wind,solar,and hydro units,and all-day planning and operation techniques are necessary to safeguard nature while meeting the current demand.The fundamental components of contemporary power systems are the simultaneous decrease in generation costs and increase in the available transfer capacity(ATC)of current systems.Thermal units are linked to sources of renewable energy such as hydro,wind,and solar power,and are set up to run for 24 h.By contrast,new research reports that various chaotic maps are merged with various existing optimization methodologies to obtain better results than those without the inclusion of chaos.Chaos seems to increase the performance and convergence properties of existing optimization approaches.In this study,selfish animal tendencies,mathematically represented as selfish herd optimizers,were hybridized with chaotic phenomena and used to improve ATC and/or reduce generation costs,creating a multi-objective optimization problem.To evaluate the performance of the proposed hybridized optimization technique,an optimal power flow-based ATC was enforced under various hydro-thermal-solar-wind conditions,that is,the renewable energy source-thermal scheduling concept,on IEEE 9-bus,IEEE 39-bus,and Indian Northern Region Power Grid 246-bus test systems.The findings show that the proposed technique outperforms existing well-established optimization strategies.
文摘针对交直流电网输电能力计算中考虑暂态稳定约束的必要性和复杂性,提出了一种考虑暂态稳定约束的交直流电网可用输电能力(Available Transfer Capability,ATC)实用计算方法。以电力系统分析综合程序为内置计算平台,以VC++编写计算流程,采用重复潮流算法实现对模型求解。以山东电网为例进行分析,计算及仿真结果表明所提方法能够考虑输电能力计算中涉及到的静态和暂态稳定约束,协调了经济性和安全性两方面,具有较好的功能性。所提算法实用性强且易于编程实现,可有效应用于实际电网的ATC计算与分析。
文摘随着风电大规模并网,其波动性、间歇性及时空相关性对可用输电能力(available transfer capability,ATC)计算带来极大挑战,建立考虑风速时空相关性的基于直流潮流的含风电场系统可用输电能力计算模型。同时考虑风速时空相关性与负荷波动性对系统潮流分布的影响,并采用交替方向乘子法(alternating direction method of multipliers,ADMM)对ATC模型进行优化求解,以提高计算速度,实现系统ATC的快速计算。以IEEE-9、IEEE-39、IEEE-118测试系统进行仿真,验证该算法的准确性和有效性。
文摘提出了包括传统静态安全性和鞍结分岔稳定性的可用输电能力(Available Transfer Capability,ATC)的新模型.该模型将系统安全性约束的众多不等式转化为一个半光滑等式约束方程组,结合鞍结分岔稳定性的约束条件,构建了一类同时考虑安全性和稳定性的ATC模型的半光滑方程系统.基于光滑化策略和方法,建立了模型求解的Levenberg-Marquardt计算方法.9节点和30节点系统的计算结果表明该模型和计算方法的可行性和有效性.
文摘建立考虑风速时空相关性的基于最优潮流(optimal power flow,OPF)的含风电系统可用输电能力计算模型。计算具有时空相关性的风速预测误差,将预测误差与风速预测值叠加得到具有时空相关性的风速预测值;同时考虑风速时空相关性与负荷波动性,采用原对偶内点法对基于最优潮流的ATC模型进行优化求解。在不同场景下,对含风电场的改进IEEE-39节点系统进行仿真,验证模型的准确性,为电力系统安全稳定运行和风电并网系统的规划提供参考依据。
文摘近年来,随着清洁能源占比的持续攀升和跨省跨区交易电量规模的日益扩大,我国电力市场建设亟需充分利用输电通道容量以及避免网络阻塞导致交易效率降低的问题。从北欧与美国PJM电力市场的建设经验来看,可用传输容量(available transfer capability,ATC)作为电网跨区功率交换水平的重要量化指标,对于提高输电通道利用效率或降低网络阻塞风险可以起到关键作用。因此,需要紧密结合国外典型电力市场在ATC应用上的相关做法,形成对我国的借鉴与启示,并对ATC如何应用于我国电力市场进行深入研究。首先介绍了ATC的定义及其计算方法。在此基础上,梳理以北欧与美国PJM为代表的典型电力市场中ATC的相关应用情况并进行对比总结。然后,结合我国电网建设和电力市场发展现状,指出目前我国电力市场考虑ATC的必要性,并凝练ATC应用的关键问题。最后,基于国外典型电力市场ATC应用经验和我国实际情况,探讨我国电力市场环境下ATC应用关键问题的解决思路。
基金This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 10871031, 10926189, the Natural Science United Foundation of Hunan-Hengyang under Grant No. 10JJS008, and the Educational Department of Hunan under Grant No. 10A015
文摘The approach of available transfer capability （denoted as ATC） incorporating wind generation has been paid very high attention since the development of wind generation. Based on the maximum function, this paper presents an ATC model. The characteristic of the new model is twofold. First, it considers wind turbines connected to power system and static security of power system simultaneously. Second, it is a system of semismooth equations and can be solved easily. By using the smoothing strategy, a smoothing Newton method is adopted for solving the proposed new ATC model. Numerical simulation results of the IEEE 30-bus and 118-bus system show that the new model and algorithm are feasible and effective. The impact of wind turbines connected to power system on ATC is also analyzed.
