B超引导下髋关节囊周神经丛阻滞与腹股沟上髂筋膜间隙阻滞在股骨颈骨折患者中的应用效果对比

目的探讨B超引导下髋关节囊周神经丛阻滞(PNGB)与腹股沟上髂筋膜间隙阻滞(S-FICB)在股骨颈骨折(FNF)患者中的应用效果。方法选取2021年9月至2022年9月在漯河医学高等专科学校第二附属医院就诊的80例行全髋节置换术治疗的FNF患者为研究对象,根据随机数表法分为S-FICB组与PNGB组,每组40例。S-FICB组行S-FICB阻滞,PNGB组行PNGB阻滞。记录患者阻滞前(T_(0))和阻滞后5 min(T_(1))、10 min(T_(2))、15 min(T_(3))时的心率。记录患者T_(0)、T_(3)及阻滞后30 min(T_(4))、2 h(T_(5))、6 h(T_(6))、12 h(T_(7))、24 h(T_(8))静息、抬髋15°时的数字评定量表(NRS)评分。记录患者超声成像时间、穿刺操作时间、超声成像清晰度评分、首次下床活动时间、住院时间、术后并发症发生情况。结果两组T_(0)~T_(3)时的心率组间、时间和交互作用无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组静息时T_(0)、T_(3)~T_(8)时NRS评分的组间、时间和交互作用有统计学意义(P<0.05),PNGB组静息时T_(0)、T_(3)~T_(8)时NRS评分均低于S-FICB组(P<0.05)。两组抬髋15°时T_(0)、T_(3)~T_(8)的NRS评分的组间、时间和交互作用有统计学意义(P<0.05),且PNGB组抬髋15°时T_(0)、T_(3)~T_(8)的NRS评分均低于S-FICB组(P<0.05)。PNGB组超声成像时间短于S-FICB组(P<0.05);术后,PNGB组首次下床活动时间短于S-FICB组(P<0.05);两组均未见神经阻滞相关并发症。结论S-FICB和PNGB应用于FNF患者中,均有较好的镇痛效果,对心率无明显影响,但PNGB在缓解术后疼痛,缩短超声成像时间,促进术后恢复方面效果更佳。

浸润式B超引导下的A超分段式声速测量在致密型白内障眼轴测量中的准确性

目的:观察浸润式B超引导下的A超分段式声速测量在致密型白内障眼轴测量中的准确性。方法:前瞻性研究。选取成都爱尔眼科医院2020-08/2022-08致密型白内障患者86例90眼,男61例59眼,女25例31眼,平均年龄66.49±14.55岁。术前分别采用接触式A超,浸润式B超引导下A超分段式声速测量法与IOL Master 700测量眼轴(AL)、前房深度(ACD)(含角膜厚度)、角膜曲率(K)、晶状体厚度(LT)、中央角膜厚度(CCT)、白到白角膜直径(WTW)。术后1 wk,使用IOL Master 700的无晶状体眼模式复测眼轴长度。分析三种设备测量眼轴的一致性与相关性。结果:术前接触式A超与浸润式B超引导下A超分段式声速测量眼轴为23.40(22.63,23.89)、23.70(23.04,24.25)mm,术后1 wk IOL Master 700测量眼轴为23.72(23.01,24.27)mm。接触式A超与浸润式B超引导下A超分段式声速测量法、术后IOL Master 700测量眼轴差异均有统计学意义(P=0.018),而浸润式B超引导下A超分段式声速测量法与术后IOL Master 700测量眼轴差异无统计学意义(P=0.991)。通过Bland-Altman分析,浸润式B超引导下A超分段式声速测量法与IOL Master 700测量眼轴有很好的一致性(P=0.0809)。术前浸润式B超引导下A超分段式声速测量法与术后IOL Master 700眼轴正相关(r s=0.992,P<0.0001),术前接触式A超与术后IOL Master 700眼轴正相关(r s=0.989,P<0.0001)。结论:对于致密型白内障,浸润式B超引导下A超分段式声速测量比接触式A超更接近术后IOL Master 700眼轴测量数据,具有良好的相关性和一致性。

B超引导下塞丁格技术置入中长管在神经外科患者中的应用效果

目的探讨B超引导下塞丁格技术置入中长管在神经外科患者中的应用效果。方法选取2022年2月~2023年2月于张家港市第一人民医院收治的104例神经外科静脉治疗患者为研究对象,采用随机数表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组各52例,对照组行传统盲穿下塞丁格技术PICC置管,观察组行B超引导下塞丁格技术置入中长导管,比较两组置管成功率、置管情况(置管安全性及非计划拔管率)、患者置管疼痛程度(VAS)和置管部位舒适度(GCQ)、置管期间相关并发症发生率(穿刺点渗血、导管移位脱出、静脉炎和导管堵塞)及满意度。结果观察组一次置管成功率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组置管安全性高于对照组(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义,观察组非计划拔管率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组疼痛程度评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组舒适度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);置管期间,观察组穿刺点渗血、导管移位或脱出、静脉炎、导管堵塞的总并发症发生率(3.84%vs 15.37%)低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的满意度(94.23%vs 75.00%)高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论B超引导下塞丁格技术导入中长导管应用于神经外科患者静脉治疗,可有效提高一次性置管成功率,保障置管的安全度,提高患者的舒适度,降低患者置管的疼痛程度,减少相关并发生症发生风险,具有较好应用价值。

Treatment of hepatic cysts by B-ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation

BACKGROUND: The traditional therapy for hepatic cysts has limited success because of recrudescence. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has become popular because of its advantages including little damage, therapeutic effect and reduced suffering. This report describes the effects and reliability of RFA in the treatment of 29 patients with hepatic cysts. METHODS: B-ultrasound-guided REA was used to treat hepatic mono-cyst or multi-cysts of 29 patients (63 tumors). Ablative efficiency and complications were assessed by imaging and clinical symptoms. RESULTS: The tumors were abated completely in 34 cysts with a diameter <5 cm and no recurrence was seen after 3 months. In 21 cysts with a diameter of 5-10 cm, tumor volume was decreased by over 70%, then reduction and fiberosis were found. In 8 cysts with a diameter greater than 10 cm, tumor volume was decreased by more than 60%, and in 2 cysts it was increased more slightly than that at I month after REA. In subsequent follow-up (6 and 12 months after REA), tumors <10 cm in diameter were fully ablated. No significant discomfort and complications were found in any patient. CONCLUSION: RFA for the treatment of hepatic cysts is safe, and free from complications.

Problem analysis and solutions of the B-ultrasound-guided peripherally inserted central catheter process

Objective： The purpose of this study was to address the issues that occur during the B-ultrasound guided peripherally inserted central catheter（PICC） process and to give a summary of the effective management to these issues accordingly.Methods： The information was collected retrospectively on all of the 1950 PICCs inserted during the 2-year period from July 2013 to July 2015. PICC catheter insertion was performed using the Seldinger approach and was delivered from the basilic vein to the superior vena cava in a B-ultrasound guided manner. Moreover, the point raised during the PICC process would be treated immediately.Results： All of the PICCs were inserted successfully. The problems encountered are shown in the inserted central catheter（PICC） process, such as failures of venipuncture, the problem of inserting guide wire, the catheter was dif？cult to be delivered etc.Conclusions： The B-ultrasound guided approach enhanced the average success regarding the PICC insertion, particularly for the subset with a poor condition in the elbow super？cial vein. Due to the items that emerged in the PICC process, the effective prevention prior to surgery and treatment during the operation would be necessary.

Analysis of B-ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound characteristics of different hepatic neuroendocrine neoplasm

BACKGROUND Hepatic neuroendocrine neoplasm(hNEN) is a highly heterogeneous tumor. The exact identification of the source and malignant degree of hNEN is important.However, there is a lack of information regarding diagnosis of hNEN with imaging. In addition, no studies have compared the imaging between hNEN and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and among different sources and malignant degrees of hNEN.AIM To compare the ultrasound characteristics between hNEN and HCC and among different sources and malignant degrees of hNEN.METHODS A total of 55 patients with hNEN were recruited and defined as the hNEN group.Among them, 35 cases of hNET were defined as the hNET group. Twenty cases of hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma(hNEC) were defined as the hNEC group.Among the 55 lesions, 29 were transferred from the pancreas, 20 were from the gastrointestinal tract, and six were from other sites. In total, 55 patients with HCC were recruited and defined as the HCC group. The characteristic differences of Bmode ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) between hNEN and HCC and among different sources and malignant degrees of hNEN were compared.RESULTS In the hNEN group, the proportions of multiple liver lesions, unclear borders,and high echo lesions were higher than those in the HCC group. The proportions of non-uniform echo and peripheral acoustic halo were lower than those in the HCC group(P < 0.05). The washout to iso-enhancement time and washout to hypo-enhancement time were lower than those in the HCC group(P < 0.05). The characteristics of B-ultrasound and CEUS among different sources of hNEN were similar, and the differences were not statistically significant(P > 0.05). B-mode ultrasound characteristics of hNET and hNEC were similar. The proportions of low enhancement at portal venous phase, non-uniform enhancement forms, and combined tumor vasculature in the hNEC group were larger than those in the hNEN group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION Compared with HCC, hNEN showed multiple intrahepatic lesions, uniform high echo, uniform high enhancement at arterial phase, and rapid washout. Low enhancement at portal venous phase, overall non-uniform enhancement form,and the proportion of combined tumor vasculature in hNEC were larger than those in hNET.

Effect of Chinese herbal compound on liver fibrosis in rabbits with schistosomiasis by B-ultrasound

Objective: To explore the value of B-ultrasound on the evaluation of the effects of traditional Chinese medicine compound of Radix astragali , Salvia miltiorrhiza and Angelica sinensis , and TCM + praziquantel on liver fibrosis in rabbits with schistosomiasis. Methods: The hepatic fibrosis model in rabbits with schistosomiasis was established. The experimental animals (24 rabbits) were randomly divided into four groups (group A, B, C and D, n =6). Group A (control group) was only treated by praziquantel; Group B was treated by mixture of Radix astragali and Salvia miltiorrhiza + praziquantel; Group C was treated by mixture of Radix astragali and Angelica sinensis + praziquantel; Group D was treated by mixture of Radix astragali, Salvia miltiorrhiza and Angelica sinensis + praziquantel. Then B-ultrasonogram was used to evaluate the effects. Results: Each group showed certain curative effect on liver fibrosis in rabbits with schistosomiasis. The efficacy of group B, C and D was better than group A, and that of group D was the best. The differences in long diameter, thickness diameter, transverse diameter and portal vein inner diameter of liver before and after treatment were statistically significant ( P <0.05). The liver function indexes and liver fibrosis indexes were significantly improved after treatment ( P <0.05). Conclusions: The mixture of Radix astragali, Salvia miltiorrhiza and Angelica sinensis combined with Western medicine treatment can obviously improve the efficacy on liver fibrosis of schistosomiasis.

B-scan ultrasound and cytology of the vitreous in primary central nervous system lymphoma with vitreoretinal involvement

AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic value of B-scan ultrasound and explore the cytological characteristics of patients with vitreoretinal lymphoma(VRL) and primary central nervous system lymphoma(PCNSL).METHODS: The clinical data and pathologic specimens from patients with VRL diagnosed at the North Huashan Hospital from 2016 to 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were diagnosed by slit lamp ophthalmoscopy, B-scan ultrasound, cytology of the vitreous, which was obtained by vitrectomy, and cytokine measurements of interleukin(IL)-10 and IL-6.RESULTS: Twenty-six eyes(19.4%) out of 134 eyes of 67 patients(47 men and 20 women) with PCNSL were diagnosed with VRL by B-scan ultrasound, and 14 eyes(10.4%) were diagnosed by slit lamp ophthalmoscopy. Twenty-four eyes(17.9%) of 17 patients were confirmed as having VRL with cytology. No difference in the association between intracranial lesion location and ocular involvement was found. VRL patients had higher levels of vitreous IL-10 and IL-10/IL-6 when compared with macular hole cases, but the difference was not statistically significant.CONCLUSION: A total of 25.4% of the PCNSL patients had VRL, B-scan ultrasound examination had characteristic features and is recommended over slit lamp ophthalmoscopy for the screening diagnosis of PCNSL with intraocular involvement. Moreover, the cytological and immunohistochemical analyses performed after 25-gauge diagnostic vitrectomy were accurate diagnostic techniques.

盐酸消旋山莨菪碱在小儿肠套叠B超引导整复中的临床应用价值

目的:探讨盐酸消旋山莨菪碱在小儿肠套叠B超引导整复中的临床应用价值。方法:选取2020年11月—2021年12月安顺市妇幼保健院儿外科小儿肠套叠患儿220例,根据选用普通补液和盐酸消旋山莨菪碱分为两组,各110例,两组患儿均采用B超引导整复治疗,对照组患儿灌肠前0.5 h静脉补液后灌肠,研究组患儿灌肠前0.5 h静脉滴注0.6~2.0 mg/kg盐酸消旋山莨菪碱后灌肠。比较两组B超引导整复效果,比较两组复位压力、复位时间。结果:研究组B超引导整复首次成功率为95.5%,明显高于对照组的83.6%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组复位压力低于对照组,复位时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在灌肠复位前静脉滴注盐酸消旋山莨菪碱,在小儿肠套叠B超引导整复治疗中,能够极大降低患儿手术率,提高首次整复成功率,减少复位时间,患儿复位压力更小。

多胎B超在湖羊繁殖体系中的应用

文章结合湖羊繁殖工作中母羊妊娠鉴定重要环节,引进英国BCF生产的Ovi-Scan便携式兽用多胎B超,辅助繁殖人员及时准确快速检查配种母羊怀孕状况,通过对406只成年母羊、223只青年母羊、184只复配母羊进行多胎B超妊娠检查,B超孕检受胎率分别达到80.05%、82.96%和69.56%,准确度平均达到99.34%;母羊怀孕3羔及以上多胎B超妊娠检查准确度达到95.39%;3羔及以上母羊分娩152只,产羔463只,羔羊平均初生重3.27 kg,同比提高4.81%。通过多胎B超使用,显著提高母羊孕检揭发率,并对检出空怀母羊及时配种,同时对检出怀孕3羔及以上母羊分群饲养,有效提高羔羊初生重,提高湖羊母羊繁殖效率。

CT定位下纤维支气管镜气道灌洗联合B超监测膈肌运动在小儿重症肺炎机械通气中的应用效果

目的:探讨CT定位下纤维支气管镜气道灌洗联合B超监测膈肌运动在小儿重症肺炎机械通气中的应用效果。方法:选取2022年10月至2023年10月于六盘水市人民医院及妇幼保健院收治的70例小儿重症肺炎机械通气患儿,根据随机数表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组35例。对照组在支气管镜灌洗前未做肺部CT检查进行传统灌洗,观察组在气道灌洗前均给予CT检查,同时采用B超监测膈肌运动。检测患儿灌洗前后的心率、呼吸、血氧饱和度、呼吸力学指标以及评估儿童早期预警评分(PEWS)和改良的肺炎幸存者指数(mPIRO)评分,并通过B超测量患儿的膈肌移动度、厚度。结果:两组灌洗治疗后心率、呼吸频次均明显低于治疗前,血氧饱和度明显高于治疗前,且观察组治疗后心率(80.23±10.07)次/min、呼吸频次(18.11±5.03)次/min均明显低于对照组,血氧饱和度(97.22±1.08)%明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.397、3.939、7.719,P<0.05);两组灌洗治疗后肺内压、峰压、平台压、平均气道压、胸压、腹压均明显低于治疗前,且观察组上述指标水平均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=12.323、8.141、16.733、12.298、11.375、18.248,P<0.05);两组治疗后体温、脉搏、呼吸、血压各项PEWS评分及总分均明显低于治疗前,且观察组上述评分均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=67.309、58.148、35.997、30.218、5.271,P<0.05);两组灌洗治疗后年龄、实验室检测指标、症状持续时间、呼吸窘迫指数、治疗方案各项mPIRO评分及总分均明显高于治疗前,且观察组上述评分均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=7.432、7.153、7.268、5.088、4.645、4.091,P<0.05);两组治疗后膈肌移动度、厚度均明显高于治疗前,且观察组上述指标均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=63.444、6.803,P<0.05)。结论:与传统的气道灌洗相比,CT定位下纤维支气管镜气道灌洗联合B超监测膈肌具有更高的准确性和可靠性。

A Drug-induced Hepatitis Patient with a Manifestation of Liver Occupying Lesions on Ultrasound B:Case Report and Literature Review

Drug-induced liver injury(DILI)is defined as injury to the liver caused by exposure to a drug or some drugs.The number of cases suffering from DILI has been increased.There are few clinical features specifically associated with DILI.The recognition and diagnosis of DILI is difficult.In this report,we have described a DILI case caused by herbal remedies.

B超引导下行单胎臀位外倒转的有效性及安全性探讨

目的探讨B超引导下行单胎臀位外倒转的有效性及安全性。方法选取60例单胎臀位外倒转孕妇,根据臀位外倒转方法不同将孕妇分为观察组(实行B超引导下臀位外倒转)与对照组(不进行特殊处理),每组30例,比较两组胎位矫正成功率、分娩结局及胎儿不良结局情况。结果观察组胎位矫正成功率高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组阴道分娩率73.33%高于对照组的10.00%(P<0.05)。观察组新生儿窒息、胎儿迫、脐带脱垂总发生率低于对照组,但比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在单胎臀位外倒转中引入B超引导下操作,能够提升臀位外倒转有效性,保证安全性,具有积极影响。

B超引导下无痛人工流产术后放置宫内节育器预防宫腔粘连的效果

目的探讨B超引导下无痛人工流产术后放置宫内节育器预防宫腔粘连的效果。方法选取2022年1月至12月于铜仁市碧江区妇幼保健院进行无痛人工流产术的123例患者,按照随机抽签法分为研究组(62例)与对照组(61例)。对照组术后采用屈螺酮炔雌醇片,研究组术后采用宫内节育器联合屈螺酮炔雌醇片,观察两组宫腔粘连发生情况、月经恢复时间及月经量情况。结果研究组宫腔粘连总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组月经恢复时间短于对照组(P<0.05);研究组月经量总异常率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论B超引导下无痛人工流产术后放置宫内节育器预防宫腔粘连的效果较好,能够降低宫腔粘连发生率,促进月经恢复正常。

心脏彩超联合B型利钠肽对慢性心力衰竭患者预后的评估价值

目的探讨心脏彩超联合B型利钠肽对慢性心力衰竭患者预后的评估价值。方法105例慢性心力衰竭患者,采用临床自制临床资料收集表收集患者一般资料,包括性别(男、女)、年龄、体质量指数、心功能分级(Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级)、合并糖尿病(否、是)、合并高血压(否、是)以及B型利钠肽、左心室射血分数、左心房内径、左心室内径、室间隔厚度水平。将患者分为预后良好组(未发生不良心血管事件)和预后不良组(发生不良心血管事件),比较预后不良组和预后良好组临床资料差异,分析上述指标与慢性心力衰竭患者预后的关系,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估各项指标在评估心力衰竭预后中的价值。结果105例慢性心力衰竭患者随访12个月共有26例发生终点事件(预后不良组),包括21例不良心血管事件再次入院、5例全因死亡,79例未发生终点事件(预后良好组)。预后良好组心功能分级(Ⅱ级占比29.11%、Ⅲ级占比45.57%、Ⅳ级占比25.32%)优于预后不良组(Ⅱ级占比11.54%、Ⅲ级占比38.46%、Ⅳ级占比50.00%),B型利钠肽(338.34±95.26)pg/ml、左心房内径(39.12±4.24)mm、左心室内径(62.04±3.12)mm、室间隔厚度(10.22±0.42)mm明显小于预后不良组的(955.68±100.38)pg/ml、(46.08±4.53)mm、(65.06±2.38)mm、(10.98±0.38)mm,左心室射血分数(48.12±3.88)%明显高于预后不良组的(41.36±4.06)%(P<0.05)。两组性别、年龄、体质量指数、合并糖尿病情况、合并高血压情况比较,无明显差异(P>0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析显示,心功能分级[OR=3.121,95%CI=(1.673,5.820)]、B型利钠肽[OR=2.425,95%CI=(1.371,4.290)]、左心室射血分数[OR=2.421,95%CI=(1.136,5.158)]、左心房内径[OR=2.504,95%CI=(1.271,4.934)]、左心室内径[OR=2.147,95%CI=(1.156,3.988)]、室间隔厚度[OR=2.522,95%CI=(1.177,5.406)]是慢性心力衰竭预后的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。左心室射血分数、左心房内径、左心室内径、室间隔厚度、B型利钠肽及五者联合检查评估慢性心力衰竭预后的ROC曲线分析显示曲线下面积分别为0.884、0.873、0.776、0.862、0.892、1,敏感性分别为85.5%、93.7%、62.6%、87.6%、92.1%、100.0%,特异性分别为12.6%、73.0%、89.7%、70.9%、71.4%、97.8%。结论心脏彩超参数(左心室射血分数、左心房内径、左心室内径、室间隔厚度)联合B型利钠肽检测在评价慢性心力衰竭患者预后中具有较高临床价值,慢性心力衰竭预后不良患者表现为左心房内径、左心室内径、室间隔厚度、B型利钠肽升高,左心室射血分数降低。

探讨应用B超诊断剖宫产宫壁瘢痕缺损的临床效果

目的探讨B超诊断剖宫产宫壁瘢痕缺损(PCSD)的价值。方法选取42例PCSD患者作为观察组,另选取剖宫产宫壁瘢痕完整患者50例作为对照组,具有完整的B超诊断信息。比较两组子宫内膜厚度、子宫位置、子宫大小、瘢痕位置;比较观察组不同子宫位置、不同剖宫产次数患者的宫壁瘢痕缺损情况。结果两组子宫内膜厚度、子宫的长径、横径、前后径比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组瘢痕至宫颈内口距离明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组子宫位置以后位69.05%为主,对照组以前位64.00%为主(P<0.05)。观察组不同子宫位置、剖宫次数的宫壁瘢痕缺损的深度、宽度和残存肌层厚度均比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论剖宫产后采取B超检查具有无创、操作简单的优势,可清晰显示PCSD的声像图特征。

Study the Role of Lung Ultrasound in Assessment of Subclinical Fluid Overload in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients with Intra-Dialytic Hypertension

Objectives: To elucidate the role of lung ultrasound in assessment of subclinical fluid overload in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Background: Volume overload has a significant role in HD patients with difficult blood pressure control. The clinical evaluation of fluid status is challenging and has poor diagnostic accuracy. Extravascular lung water (ELW) represents an important element of body fluid volume. Lung ultrasound (LUS) is increasingly used for ELW assessment through the analysis of B-lines artifacts. Methods: Eighty-eight HD patients were followed up prospectively. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the changes of systolic blood pressure (SBP) during HD sessions. Group (1): patients with intra-dialytic hypertension (n = 12), group (2): patients with intra-dialytic hypotension (n = 28) and group (3): patients with no significant blood pressure variabilities (n = 48). Numbers of B-lines were measured by LUS and IVC diameters were measured pre and post-dialysis. In addition, Endothelin-1 (ET-1) and other routine laboratory tests were done. Results: There were significant increases in the number of B-lines and IVC diameter pre and post-dialysis in group (1) compared to the other two groups. There was significant decrease in post dialysis IVC diameter but not the number of B-lines in group (2) compared with the other two groups. ET-1 level was significantly increased in group 1 compared to the other two groups. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the pre-dialysis number of B-lines and ET-1. Conclusion: Lung ultrasound can be considered a sensitive and specific modality for volume assessment in HD patients especially with intra-dialytic hypertension. We recommend serial LUS as a part of management in this group of patients.

B超引导下0.25%与0.15%罗哌卡因双侧腹横肌平面阻滞对剖宫产术后镇痛效果比较

目的:探究B超引导下比较0.25%与0.15%罗哌卡因双侧腹横肌平面阻滞对剖宫产产妇的镇痛效果。方法:选取2020年9月-2023年9月本院拟行剖宫产产妇90例,随机分为两组各45例。分别行B超引导下0.15%(0.15%组)及0.25%(0.25%组)罗哌卡因双侧腹横肌平面阻滞,对比两组术后恢复、术后镇痛、不同时点动态和静态疼痛评分(VAS)、氧化应激指标皮质醇(COR)和C反应蛋白(CRP)水平及不良反应。结果:0.25%组自主排尿时间(17.23±2.26h)、首次下床时间(11.32±2.56h)、24 h按压镇痛泵次数(3.37±0.59次)和镇痛泵液用量(50.02±5.34)均少于0.15%组(25.37±1.83h、15.19±2.37 h、6.28±0.81次),有效镇痛(41.33±3.18h)及术后首次按压镇痛泵时间(13.37±3.50h)高于0.15%组(29.62±1.87h、6.38±2.08h);相较于术后1h,两组术后动态和静态12h、24h VAS评分均降低且0.25%组(4.22±0.26分、3.01±0.35分,3.15±0.21分、2.16±0.24分)低于0.15%组(5.37±0.24分、3.89±0.17分,3.62±0.19分、2.95±0.28分);术后12h两组COR、CRP水平均高于术前但0.25%组(643.47±20.49 nmol/L、18.79±2.74 mg/L)低于0.15%组(757.43±17.49 nmol/L、27.54±3.83 mg/L)(均P<0.05)。不良反应0.25%组(15.6%)与0.15%组(11.1%)无差异(P>0.05)。结论:剖宫产术应用B超引导下0.25%罗哌卡因双侧腹横肌平面阻滞,可提高镇痛效果,降低产妇术后应激反应,且未显著增加不良反应。

B超引导腰丛阻滞(“三叶草”法)复合不同熵指数控制水平的喉罩全身麻醉在老年THA患者中的应用研究

目的:探讨B超引导腰丛阻滞(“三叶草”法)复合不同熵指数控制水平的喉罩全身麻醉在老年全髋关节置换术(THA)患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2021年6月—2023年10月云浮市人民医院收治的42例行THA老年患者,按手术时间顺序分组法(奇数日为L组,偶数日为D组)分为两组,其中D组给予深麻醉喉罩全身麻醉,熵指数维持于40~50,L组给予浅麻醉喉罩全身麻醉,熵指数维持于50~60,比较两组术前及术后6、12、24、48 h视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分,术前及术后1、3、7 d简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)评分,术后恢复情况,入室时、切皮即刻、手术开始15 min、手术开始30 min、术毕即刻生命体征,术后自控镇痛使用情况。结果:两组术前及术后6、12、24、48 h的VAS评分对比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但与术前相比均显著下降(P<0.05)。术前及术后1、3、7 d两组MMSE评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),L组术后苏醒时间、拔管时间、定向力恢复时间均较D组显著早(P<0.05),入室时、切皮即刻、手术开始15 min、手术开始30 min、术毕即刻两组心率(HR)、呼吸频率(RR)、平均动脉压(MAP)水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但与入室时比较,两组切皮即刻、手术开始15 min、手术开始30 min、术毕即刻RR、HR、MAP水平均显著下降(P<0.05),两组术后自控镇痛首次时间使用时间、平均使用次数、舒芬太尼使用量、有效按压率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:B超引导腰丛阻滞(“三叶草”法)复合喉罩全身麻醉可提高THA患者麻醉及术后镇痛效果,维持患者处于稳定的状态,但是熵指数控制在50~60(浅度麻醉)即可起到显著麻醉和镇痛效果,尤其是在患者术后恢复方面更具有优势。

B超下环状钙化征联合结节峰值强度对甲状腺结节良恶性的诊断价值

目的探讨B超下环状钙化征联合结节峰值强度鉴别诊断甲状腺结节良恶性的价值。方法回顾性分析2017年5月至2020年8月赣州市第三人民医院收治的62例甲状腺结节患者的临床资料,根据病理活检结果分为良性组(n=32)与恶性组(n=30)。两组均予以B超检查和病理活检,分析两组B超下环状钙化征、结节峰值强度,二者联合对甲状腺良恶性结节的诊断效能。结果恶性组有连续钙化环者73.33%,高于良性组的12.50%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);环状钙化征鉴别诊断甲状腺结节良恶性的灵敏度为73.33%,特异度为87.50%,阳性预测值为84.62%,阴性预测值为77.78%,准确度为80.65%。恶性组结节峰值强度为(4.29±1.04)db,明显高于良性组的(2.41±0.57)db,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),结节峰值强度鉴别诊断甲状腺结节良恶性的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积为0.934(95%CI:0.841~0.982),诊断截断值为2.605 db,灵敏度为86.20%,特异度为87.90%。B超下环状钙化征联合结节峰值强度鉴别诊断甲状腺结节良恶性的灵敏度70.00%,特异度为96.88%,阳性预测值为95.45%,阴性预测值为77.50%,准确度为83.87%。结论B超下环状钙化征、结节峰值强度可为甲状腺结节良恶性鉴别诊断提供可靠依据,二者联合具有较高诊断价值。