Construction, Expression and Identification of a Recombinant BCG Vaccine Encoding Human Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Heat Shock Protein 65

Heat shock protein 65 (HSP65) is one of the most important protective immunogens against the tuberculosis infection. The signal sequence of antigen 85B and the whole HSP65 DNA sequence of human Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) were amplified from BCG genome and plasmid pCMV-MTHSP65 respectively by polymerase chain reactions (PCR). These two sequences were cloned into the plasmid pBCG-2100 under the control of the promoter of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) from human M. tuberculosis, yielding the prokaryotic shuttle expression plasmid pBCG-SP-HSP65. Results of restriction endonuclease analysis, PCR detection and DNA sequencing analysis showed that the two cloned DNA sequences were consistent with those previously reported, and the direction of their inserting into the recombinant was correct and the reading frame had been maintained. The recombinants were electroporated into BCG to construct the recombinant BCG vaccine and induced by heating. The induced expression detected by SDS-PAGE showed that the content of 65 kD protein expressed in recombinant BCG was 35.69 % in total bacterial protein and 74.09 % in the cell lysate supernatants, suggesting that the recombinant HSP65 gene could express in BCG with high efficiency and the expressed proteins were mainly soluble. Western-blot showed that the secretive recombinant proteins could specifically combine with antibody against M. tuberculosis HSP65, indicating that the recombinant proteins possess the biological activity of HSP65.

The Construction of Schistosoma Japonicum Vaccine BCG-Sj26GST and Its Identification

Summary: The expression of foreign gene, Schistosoma Japonicum 26 ku antigen (Sj26GST), in Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG), Mycobacterium ( M. smegmatis ) and Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) were studied. The cDNA fragment encoding Sj26GST was amplified by PCR using plasmid pGEX, which could express Sj26GST in E. coli as template. The Sj26GST cDNA was cloned into the downstream of human M. tuberculosis heat shock protein (hsp) 70 promoter with correct reading frame, and then the DNA fragment containing hsp70 promoter and Sj26GST gene were subcloned together into E. coli Mycobacteria shuttle plasmid pBCG 2000 to construct the expression shuttle plasmid pBCG Sj26. The recombinant BCG and M. smegmatis mc 2 155, which were electroplated with pBCG Sj26, could express Sj26GST and the recombinant Schistosoma Japonicum vaccine BCG Sj26GST was made. The recombinant Sj26GST (rSj26GST) were soluble and could be observed on SDS PAGE at molecular weight of 26 ku. The content of rSj26GST accounted for 15 % and 10 % of total bacterial protein in BCG and M. smegmatis respectively. The results of Western blot showed the combination of rSj26GST with antibody of GST.

Chronic social defeat stress‑induced depression reduces BCG efficacy by promoting regulatory T‑cell levels in mice

Despite the initial successes of the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin(BCG)vaccine in children,its efficacy against tuberculosis is highly variable.There is a lack of understanding about how mental conditions influence BCG vaccination.Here,we used the chronic social defeat stress(CSDS)model to explore the effects of depression on BCG vaccination efficacy.We observed higher lung and spleen bacterial loads and a lower organ index in depressed compared to BCG mice.Meanwhile,a relatively lower T cell protective efficacy was observed in both compared to control and BCG mice via a mycobacterium growth inhibition assay(MGIA).Cytokine expression of IL-12p40,IL-1β,IL-17,TNF-αand IFN-γwas reduced,whereas the expression of IL-10 and IL-5 was increased in the spleen of both compared to BCG mice.Moreover,the proportions of CD4^(+)IFN-γ^(+),CD8^(+)IFN-γ^(+)T lymphocytes and CD4^(+)effector/central memory T cells were reduced in the splenocytes of the depressed BCG mice.Depression promotes CD4^(+)regulatory T cells(Treg)and myeloid-derived suppressor cell(MDSC)generation in depressed mice,contributing to the reduced pro-inflammatory immune response upon BCG vaccination.This study provides insight into the decreased protective immunity by BCG vaccination attributable to depression in mice.

Comparative Study on the Immunogenicity between Recombinant MS-Sj26GST Vaccine and Recombinant BCG-Sj26GST Vaccine in Schistosoma japonicum

The BALB/c mice were immunized with rMS Sj26GST and rBCG Sj26GST vaccine in Schistosoma japonicum by subcutaneous injection After they were immunized for 8 weeks, the eyeballs were removed to get blood and macrophages of abdominal cavity and spleen cells were harvested The lymphocytic stimulating index (SI) was used to measure the cellular proliferating ability and NO release was used to measure the phagocytic activity of the macrophages By using ELISA kit, the levels of interleukin 2 (IL 2) and interferon γ (IFN γ) in serum and the splenic lymphocytic cultured supernatant were detected The results showed that after the mice were immunized with 10 6 CFU of rMS Sj26GST and rBCG Sj26GST vaccine separately by subcutaneous injection, proliferating ability of splenic lymphocytes in the mice showed no difference ( P >0 05), but both were significantly increased as compared with that in the control group( P <0 05); The contents of NO in the intraperitoneal macrophages of rMS Sj26GST vaccine group were significantly lower than in the control group ( P <0 001) and rBCG Sj26GST vaccine group ( P <0 01); The levels of serum IL 2 in the rMS Sj26GST vaccine group were significantly increased as compared with that in the control group ( P <0 001), vector group ( P <0 01) and rBCG Sj26GST vaccine group ( P <0 05); The contents of serum IFN γ in the rMS Sj26GST vaccine group were significantly increased as compared with that in the control group ( P <0 01) and rBCG Sj26GST vaccine group ( P <0 05) The contents of IFN γ in the cultured supernatant were significantly lower than those of rBCG Sj26GST vaccine group ( P <0 001), but were significantly increased as compared with that in the control group ( P <0 01) It was indicated that both vaccines could enhance the immune response of the mice, but rMS Sj26GST vaccine had stronger immunogenicity than rBCG Sj26GST vaccine

T Regulatory Cells and BCG as a Vaccine against Tuberculosis: An Overview

Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG), which has been used since 1921 as the only vaccine against tuber-culosis (TB), protects poorly, if at all, against pulmonary tuberculosis among adults in high incident developing countries. This failure has been attributed to the possible down modulating action of T regulatory cells (Tregs), which can be stimulated by environmental mycobacteria and expanded by BCG vaccination. Tregs induced at the site of BCG vaccination may interfere with protection against tuberculosis. This communication describes the contribution of Tregs towards dampening the efficacy of BCG and plausible approaches to countering this down modulating effect of Tregs. Probably, antigen specific inhibition of the local recruitment of Tregs whilst avoiding generalised disturbance of immune homeostasis could prove to be worthwhile. Alternatively, drugs with short half life may achieve more acceptable transient inhibition of Tregs function than the prolonged action of monoclonal antibodies. Evolving novel safe strategies is a challenge for developing a better anti TB vaccine.

Managing Recalcitrant Warts: Facts about Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), Mycobacterium Indicus Pranii (Mw Vaccine), and Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) as Immunotherapy

Recalcitrant warts can accurately be defined as warts that persist after six months of conventional therapy. Up to one-third of non-genital warts, especially periungual and plantar warts, become recalcitrant. Traditional treatment options for warts include topical salicylic acid, cryotherapy, and electrocautery;however, patients with recalcitrant warts remain a major therapeutic challenge. There is evidence that immunotherapy can clear recalcitrant warts if traditional treatment fails. Given this, clinical studies published in PubMed and Google Scholar that used Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), Mycobacterium Indicus Pranii (Mw vaccine), and purified protein derivative (PPD) as immunotherapy for wart, were reviewed in this study. Neither of these treatments has been subjected to a randomized controlled trial, thus to date, there are no standardized protocols to use them. Our review highlights the scientific facts in the clinical applications of the previous options to treat recalcitrant warts and investigate the differences among them, concerning efficacy, adverse effects, dosage, and route of administration.

Role of toll-like receptor 4 in eliciting adaptive immune responses against recombinant BCG expressing the C-terminus of merozoite surface protein-1 of Plasmodium falciparum

Objective: To determine the role of toll-like receptor 4(TLR-4) in eliciting cellular and humoral immune responses against recombinant Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin(rB CG) expressing the C-terminus of merozoite surface protein-1 of Plasmodium falciparum. Methods: Six groups of mice(n=6 per group) were injected with phosphate buffered saline T80, BCG or r BCG intraperitoneally, in the presence or absence of a TLR-4 inhibitor; TAK-242. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was carried out for serum total IgG, IgG 1, Ig G2 a and Ig G2 b determination. Spleens were also harvested and splenocytes cultured for determination of intracellular cytokines; IL-4 and IFN-毭 via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The production of total Ig G, and the subclasses Ig G1, Ig G2 a and Ig G2 b was significantly higher in rB CG-immunised mice than BCG and phosphate buffered saline immunised mice in the absence of TAK-242. A significant rise in total IgG occurred with more booster immunisations. The level of IgG 2 a was highest, followed by IgG 2 b, then IgG 1. The production of both IL-4 and IFN-were inhibited in t毭 was also highest in the rB CG immunised groups. These significant riseshe presence of TAK-242. Conclusions: We present evidence of the role of TLR-4 in the increased production of total IgG, IgG 1, IgG 2 a and IgG 2 b, as well as IL-4 and IFN-毭 in response to our rB CG construct.

Early active immunization with Aβ3–10-KLH vaccine reduces tau phosphorylation in the hippocampus and protects cognition of mice

Active and passive anti-Aβimmunotherapies have successfully been used for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease animal models.However,clinical use of these immunotherapies is not effective,because the vaccination is administered too late.At 1 month of age,100μL of Aβ3–10-KLH peptide(vaccine,2μg/μL)was subcutaneously injected into the neck of an amyloid precursor protein/presenilin-1/tau transgenic(3×Tg-AD)mouse model.Aβ3–10-KLH peptide was re-injected at 1.5,2.5,3.5,4.5,5.5,and 6.5 months of age.Serum levels of Aβantibody were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,while spatial learning and memory ability were evaluated by Morris water maze.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect total tau with HT7 and phosphorylated tau with AT8(phosphorylation sites Ser202 and Thr205)and AT180(phosphorylation site Thr231)antibodies in the hippocampus.In addition,western blot analysis was used to quantify AT8 and AT180 expression in the hippocampus.The results showed that after vaccine injection,mice produced high levels of Aβantibody,cognitive function was significantly improved,and total tau and phosphorylated tau levels were significantly reduced.These findings suggest that early active immunization with Aβ3–10-KLH vaccine can greatly reduce tau phosphorylation,thereby mitigating the cognitive decline of 3×Tg-AD mice.This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of China Medical University,China(approval No.103-316)on April 2,2016.

Candidate Vaccines against Tuberculosis and the Future of Novel TB Vaccine Research

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a global health challenge and currently only one licensed vaccine is available. For nearly 100 years, the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has been in use. While it provides protection against disseminated TB in infants, its protection against adult and adolescent pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is variable. This literature review will provide an overview of the clinical status of candidate TB vaccines and discuss the challenges and future development trends of novel TB vaccine research, in combination with a general overview of the Tuberculosis (TB) disease and Mycobacterium tuberculosis itself. Methods: Bibliographic searches were carried out on medical journal databases, publishers, and aggregators. The most used databases were PubMed, NCBI and MDPI. Publications in English on these and other databases relating to novel TB vaccines were included in this review. Results: Currently, there are 12 main vaccine candidates in various phases of clinical trials, they include four protein or adjuvant vaccines, three viral-vectored vaccines, three mycobacterial whole cells or extract vaccines, and one each of the recombinant life and the attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccine. Currently, the most likely candidate vaccines are the M72 + AS01E and Vaccae vaccines. M72 + AS01E is a recombinant fusion protein vaccine candidate, clinical trials showed that administering two doses of M72/AS01E was successful in reducing the development of active TB disease with 50% efficacy. Studies have also proven the efficacy of Vaccae (which is currently in phase III clinical trials) as an adjunctive therapy, with it being curative in conjunction with current therapy. Conclusion: Given the morbidity and mortality suffered globally by M. tuberculosis, it is time to realize the seriousness of the situation and accelerate our commitment and investment to the eradication of this infectious disease. With the number of vaccine candidates currently in clinical trials having promising results, it is imperative to continue these studies and accelerate towards phase III licensure trials if we are to achieve the milestone of “End TB Strategy” by 2035. Today, we are witnessing immense progress in both preclinical and clinical TB vaccine research despite disappointing results from some of the clinical efficacy trials like that of MVA85A. We can revisit the design of vaccines and learn from them. It is important not only to recognize and give credit to those that have tested well in human trials, such as M72 + AS01E, but to expedite and improve its efficacy through funding of its research.

榄香烯复合瘤苗HSP70与HSP70_(BCG)对巨噬细胞功能影响的比较

目的 :比较Hca F榄香烯复合瘤苗HSP70 (HSP70 HTCV)和卡介苗HSP70 (HSP70 BCG)对小鼠腹腔或脾脏巨噬细胞功能的影响 ,分析HSP70 HTCV诱导抗瘤免疫作用的机制。方法 :给正常BALB C小鼠腹腔注射HSP70 HTCV 或HSP70 BCG ,共 3次 ,并用多聚甲醛固定的Hca F细胞体内冲击。收集腹腔和脾脏的巨噬细胞 ,并用HSP70 HTCV或HSP70 BCG 体外再致敏 ,用MTT法测细胞毒活性、细胞的增殖和分泌TNF的能力 ,用中性红吞噬试验测巨噬细胞的吞噬能力。结果 :用HSP70 HTCV 免疫小鼠的腹腔巨噬细胞对Hca F的细胞毒活性强于用HSP70 BCG 免疫小鼠的腹腔巨噬细胞 (4 2 7%VS 31 0 % ,P <0 0 5 ) ;用HPS70 HTCV 免疫小鼠的脾脏巨噬细胞分泌TNF的能力高于用HSP70 BCG免疫小鼠的脾脏巨噬细胞 ,细胞培养上清对L92 9的细胞毒活性分别为 5 7 4 %和 35 9% (P <0 0 5 ) ,脾脏巨噬细胞吞噬中性红的能力的变化两组之间无明显差别 ;免疫巨噬细胞的上述功能均高于未经免疫的对照小鼠的巨噬细胞 (P <0 0 1) ,而三组巨噬细胞的增殖改变无明显差别 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 :HSP70 HTCV 或HSP70 BCG 免疫都能增强巨噬细胞功能 ,但HSP70

300例BCG接种后淋巴结及接种局部异常反应和处理

目的探讨婴幼儿卡介苗(BCG)接种后淋巴结肿大不同情况的处理方法。方法对南京市1 891 640名接种BCG的婴幼儿中发生的300例淋巴结肿大异常反应及处理方法进行回顾性分析。结果300例婴幼儿BCG接种后回流区淋巴结有不同程度的肿大,淋巴结肿大主要分布于注射侧腋下,占54．7％,次为接种局部皮下深部脓肿,占38．0％。对于淋巴结肿大早期采用简单易行的微波治疗和热敷治疗,治愈率在55．0％以上,脓肿形成者进行切开引流,其治愈率达100．0％。结论根据淋巴结肿大不同的情况,可采取不同的治疗方法。

血吸虫重组BCG-Sj26GST疫苗接种后保护力的观察

为了探讨血吸虫重组ＢＣＧ－Ｓｊ２６ＧＳＴ疫苗免疫鼠后对尾蚴攻击感染的保护性作用，采用１０６ＣＦＵ和１０８ＣＦＵ重组ＢＣＧ－Ｓｊ２６ＧＳＴ疫苗皮下接种ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ鼠，接种后８周用日本血吸虫尾蚴进行攻击感染，感染后６周剖杀小鼠，计算减虫率、减卵率，同时进行虫卵肉芽肿周长和面积测量，以及抗体水平和抗原水平测定，同时设有ＰＢＳ对照组。结果表明重组ＢＣＧ－Ｓｊ２６ＧＳＴ疫苗免疫小鼠后，１０６ＣＦＵ、１０８ＣＦＵ组与对照组相比，减虫率分别为２７．３４％、１６．６４％，减卵率分别为５５．７５％、６０．５０％，虫卵肉芽肿的平均周长和平均面积、免疫后血清抗体水平差别均具有非常显著意义；１０８ＣＦＵ与１０６ＣＦＵ组相比，血清抗原水平差别具有显著意义，说明血吸虫重组ＢＣＧ－Ｓｊ２６ＧＳＴ疫苗是一种比较理想的新型疫苗。

细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗诱导小鼠脾细胞淋巴因子变化的研究

目的探讨细粒棘球绦虫(Eg)重组BCG-Eg95疫苗免疫后对受攻击小鼠的包囊减重率及脾细胞淋巴因子的影响。方法细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗分别采用皮下注射、鼻腔内接种、口服灌胃和肌肉注射4种途径免疫BALB／C小鼠,免疫后8周用Eg原头节攻击感染,50个Eg原头节／每只小鼠,感染后18周剖杀小鼠,分离并称重细粒棘球蚴,计算包囊减重率;取脾,分离脾细胞,用Eg粗抗原(EgAg)或伴刀豆球蛋白A(ConA)刺激培养,收集脾细胞培养上清液,检测脾细胞培养上清液的白介素-2(IL-2)、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和白介素-4(IL-4)水平。同时设卡介苗(BCG)和磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)对照。结果以上4种疫苗接种组的包囊减重率分别为45．77％、1820％、88．05％和9246％;疫苗肌肉接种组的IL-2、IFN-γ和TNF-α均较PBS对照为高,分别为(30．0±0)pg/ml、(65．0±0)pg/ml和(425．0±10．7) pg/ml,IL-4低于PBS对照组,为(10．0±0)pg／ml。结论细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗诱导小鼠产生辅助性T细胞1型(Th1)反应,从而对抗Eg原头节攻击感染。

多房棘球绦虫混合重组BCG-EmⅡ/3和BCG-Em14-3-3疫苗诱导小鼠的免疫保护力观察

目的探讨多房棘球绦虫混合重组BCG-EmⅡ/3和BCG-Em14-3-3疫苗免疫鼠后对Em原头节攻击感染的保护性作用。方法将混合重组BCG疫苗采用皮下注射和鼻腔内接种分别免疫BALB/c小鼠,免疫后8周用多房棘球绦虫原头节进行攻击感染,感染后18周剖杀小鼠,计算减蚴率,测定血清中IgG及其亚类和IgE水平;分离脾细胞,流式细胞仪检测脾CD4+和CD8+T淋巴细胞亚群的百分比,同时设有空载体、BCG和PBS对照。结果疫苗接种组的减蚴率为45·29%～76.47%,血清IgG、IgG2a、IgG2b和IgE水平明显升高,IgG1和IgG3显著降低;疫苗接种组的脾CD4+T细胞亚群显著增加,CD8+T细胞亚群无明显变化,CD4+/CD8+亚群比值明显升高。结论多房棘球绦虫混合重组BCG-EmⅡ/3和BCG-Em14-3-3疫苗鼻腔内接种是一种较好的途径,IgG、IgG2a、IgG2b和IgE以及CD4+T细胞亚群在疫苗诱导的保护力中起重要作用。

多房棘球绦虫重组BCG-EmⅡ/3疫苗构建及其表达效率

目的 构建多房棘球绦虫（Em）重组卡介苗（BCG—EmⅡ／3）疫苗，分析EmⅡ／3分子在该疫苗中的表达效率。方法 超声粉碎泡球蚴组织提取总RNA，通过RT-PCR扩增EmⅡ／3的抗原编码基因；将该基因定向克隆到大肠埃希菌-分枝杆菌穿梭表达载体pBCG，构建重组质粒pBCG—EmⅡ／3；电穿孔法转化BCG，构建多房棘球绦虫重组BCG-EmⅡ／3疫苗。免疫印迹分析重组BCG-EmⅡ／3疫苗的表达产物。结果 RT-PCR成功扩增出1680bp的EmⅡ／3抗原编码基因；双酶切证实EmⅡ／3抗原编码基因成功插入pBCG中；PCR证实rBCG—EmⅡ／3疫苗构建成功；免疫印迹分析发现重组BCG—EmⅡ／3疫苗的表达产物在相对分子质量（Mr）约为65×10^3处有明显的目的蛋白表达条带，且能被活动性泡球蚴病鼠血清特异识别。结论 成功构建了多房棘球绦虫重组BCG—EmⅡ／3疫苗，为疫苗的开发和利用打下了坚实的理论基础。

多房棘球绦虫重组BCG-EmⅡ／3疫苗诱导的保护力观察

目的探讨多房棘球绦虫（Em）重组卡介苗（BCG-EmⅡ／3）疫苗免疫对Em原头节攻击感染的保护性作用。方法Balb／c小鼠随机分为疫苗皮下注射组、鼻腔接种组、空载体对照组、卡介苗（BCG）对照组和磷酸缓冲液（PBS）对照组。接种免疫8周，用Em原头节进行攻击感染，感染后18周剖杀小鼠，称取检获泡球蚴质量，计算减蚴率，并用ELISA法测定血清中IgG及其亚类和IgE水平。结果与PBS对照组比较，疫苗皮下注射组和鼻腔内接种组小鼠检获泡球蚴质量均降低（q=2．65、3．68，P〈0．05或〈0．01），疫苗鼻腔内接种组与皮下注射组比较，检获泡球蚴质量降低（q=2．78，P〈0．05），疫苗接种组的减蚴率为63．23％～74．70％；与疫苗鼻腔内接种前比较．接种后和Em原头节攻击后小鼠血清IgG、IgG2a、IgG2b和IgE水平均明显升高（P〈0．05或〈o．01），IsG1降低（P〈0．01），IgG3未见明显改变（P〉0．05）。结论重组BCG-EmⅡ／3疫苗鼻腔内接种是一种较好的途径．IgG、IgG2a、IgG2b和IgE在疫苗诱导的保护力中起重要作用。

细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗诱导小鼠脾细胞亚群变化的研究

目的探讨细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗免疫和Eg原头节攻击后小鼠脾CD4+和CD8+T淋巴细胞亚群的变化。方法将细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗采用皮下注射、鼻腔内接种、口服灌胃和肌肉注射4种途径分别免疫Balb/c鼠,免疫后8周用Eg原头节进行攻击感染,感染后18周杀鼠取脾,分离脾细胞,流式细胞仪检测脾CD4+和CD8+T淋巴细胞亚群的百分比,同时设有BCG和PBS对照。结果疫苗接种组的脾CD4+和CD8+T细胞亚群显著增加,口服接种组和肌肉注射组的CD4+T细胞亚群和CD4+/CD8+亚群比值显著高于皮下注射组和鼻腔内接种组。结论CD4+T细胞亚群可能与细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗诱导的小鼠抗Eg原头节攻击感染的保护力有关,疫苗口服接种和肌肉注射是两种较好的免疫途径。

血吸虫重组BCG-Sj26GST疫苗对小鼠血清NO浓度的影响

目的研究血吸虫重组 BCG- Sj2 6 GST疫苗对小鼠血清 NO浓度的影响。方法第 1次实验用 10 6 和 10 8CFU疫苗分别皮下注射免疫 BAL B/C鼠 ,免疫后 8周用日本血吸虫尾蚴攻击 ,感染后 6周剖杀小鼠 ,同时设有 PBS对照组 ;第 2次实验用 10 6 CFU疫苗皮下和静脉分别注射免疫鼠 ,于免疫后 0、4、8、10、14和 16周各剖杀 4只 ,分离血清 ,用 NO试剂盒检测小鼠血清 NO浓度。结果发现疫苗免疫 ,尾蚴攻击后血清 NO浓度降低 ;疫苗皮下和静脉注射免疫后 4～ 16周血清 NO浓度升高 ,分别于免疫后 10周或 16周达最高水平。结论血吸虫重组 BCG- Sj2 6 GST疫苗能降低感染鼠血清 NO浓度 ,提高宿主抗血吸虫感染的保护力。

细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗诱导的保护力观察

目的 探讨细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗免疫鼠后对Eg原头节攻击感染的保护性作用.方法：将细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗采用皮下注射、鼻腔内接种、口服灌胃和肌肉注射4种途径分别免疫Balb/C鼠,免疫后8W用Eg 原头节进行攻击感染,感染后18周剖杀小鼠,计算减蚴率,测定血清中IgG及其亚类和IgE水平,同时设有BCG和PBS对照.结果 疫苗接种组的减蚴率为18.20%～92.46%,血清IgG、IgG2a、IgG2b水平明显升高,IgG1、IgG3和IgE显著降低.结论 细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗口服灌胃和肌肉注射是两种较好的接种途径,IgG、IgG2a和IgG2b在疫苗诱导的保护力中起重要作用.

日本血吸虫基因工程BCG多价疫苗的研究

用日本血吸虫（Sj）成虫提取的总RNA逆转录合成CDNA第一链，并设计合成引物，经PCR扩增，扩增出26kDa的编码区基因，并进行了测序，结果表明Sj中国大陆株（SjC）、Sj菲律宾株（SjP）26kDaGST基因核苷酸同源性99．8％．然后，构建了大肠杆菌-分枝杆菌穿梭表达质粒pBCG－Sj26Ⅰ-Ⅳ．再将其依次分别转化大肠杆菌、耻垢分枝杆菌和BCG中，筛选出重组耻垢分枝杆菌疫苗和重组BCG多价疫苗．经SDS－PAGE和薄层扫描分析表明，Sj26kDaGST的表达效率在大肠杆菌、耻垢分校杆菌和BCG中分别占菌体总蛋白的25％-37％、10％－28％、10％－15％．通过酶切图谱、PCR技术和Westernblot分析，证实构建的Sj26kDa基因工程BCG多价疫苗是成功的．用其免疫BABL／c小鼠，结果表明它对日本血吸虫的感染有明显的预防作用，重组BCG多价疫苗的减虫率达27．36％（t=3．42，P＜0．01），减卵率达60．50％（t=6．19，P＜0．01）．实验组虫卵肉芽肿平均面积以及免疫后血清抗体水平与对照组相比其差别具有显著意义．该研究为日本血吸虫成虫疫苗的研究提供了一条新的途径．