Considering the elastic supports,the finite element model of rotor-bladed disk-casing system is established using commercial software ANSYS/LS-DYNA.Assuming that broken blade is released from the disk,the complicate r...Considering the elastic supports,the finite element model of rotor-bladed disk-casing system is established using commercial software ANSYS/LS-DYNA.Assuming that broken blade is released from the disk,the complicate rubbing responses of unbalanced rotor-bladed disk-casing system are studied under different operational speeds.In addition,influences of both plastic deformation of blade and casing failure are analyzed.The results show that there exist some multiple even fractional frequencies in the transient and steady vibration responses of unbalanced rotor.Besides,one nodal diameter vibration of bladed disk coupling with the lateral vibration of the shaft as well as the first order bending vibration of blade can be excited under low operational speed,while the first order bending vibration of blade coupling with the lateral vibration of disk-shaft is easily excited under high operational speed.During rubbing process,three distinct contact states can be observed:broken blade-casing contact,broken blade-blade component-casing contact and broken blade-casing contact/blade component-casing contact/blade selfcontact.It is worth noting that the third contact state is related to the operational speed.With the increase of operational speed,self-contact in the blade may occur.展开更多
The finite element models of blade, disk and bladed disk are built up by finite element software ANSYS. The natural frequencies of the single blade, the whole bladed disk and the bladed disk with only one sector by cy...The finite element models of blade, disk and bladed disk are built up by finite element software ANSYS. The natural frequencies of the single blade, the whole bladed disk and the bladed disk with only one sector by cyclic symmetry boundary have been calculated. Then, based on the results above, a structure dynamic model of multiple degree-of-freedom （MDOF） systems is established to simulate the bladed-disk assembly. Solve the motion equation by using the Runge-Kutta Method （Gill Method）. The dynamic response of the MDOF system is achieved. As for the given mistuning patterns, the vibration responses of bladed disks are calculated. The results have been compared and analyzed, and the optimum pattern is selected.展开更多
The present work is based on the comparative study between “Blade-Element- Momentum” (BEM) analysis and “Computational-Fluid-Dynamics” (CFD) analysis of small-scale horizontal axis wind turbine blade. In this stud...The present work is based on the comparative study between “Blade-Element- Momentum” (BEM) analysis and “Computational-Fluid-Dynamics” (CFD) analysis of small-scale horizontal axis wind turbine blade. In this study, the pitch is considered as fixed and rotor speed is variable. Firstly, the aerodynamic characteristics of three different specialized airfoils were analyzed to get optimum design parameters of wind turbine blade. Then BEM was performed with the application of the open source wind turbine design and performance computation software Q-Blade v0.6. After that, CFD simulation was done by Ansys CFX software. Here, k-ω “Shear-Stress-Transport” (SST) model was conducted for three-dimensional visualization of turbine performance. However, the best coefficient of performance was observed at 6o angle of attack. At this angle of attack, in the case of BEM, the highest coefficient of performance was 0.47 whereby CFD analysis, it was 0.43. Both studies showed good performance prediction which was a positive step to accelerate the continuous revolution in wind energy sector.展开更多
In this study,wind tunnel experiment was carried out to investigate the self-staring capability for straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine.The flow visualization also was been performed at the rest of the rotor.Th...In this study,wind tunnel experiment was carried out to investigate the self-staring capability for straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine.The flow visualization also was been performed at the rest of the rotor.The effect of the azimuthal angle of blade position relative to wind direction on the self-starting capability was discussed based on the results of flow visualization.The torque and centripetal force of the rotor when the self-starting behavior starts were roughly calculated with the flow visualization results of the rotor.It is suggested that there exists the condition of wind speed and configuration of the blade position of the rotor at the rest of rotor to the reach to situational rotation number.展开更多
To study the nonlinear dynamic behavior of the bladed overhang rotor system with squeeze film damper (SFD), a blade-overhang rotor-SFD model is formulated using the lumped mass method and the Lagrange approach. The ca...To study the nonlinear dynamic behavior of the bladed overhang rotor system with squeeze film damper (SFD), a blade-overhang rotor-SFD model is formulated using the lumped mass method and the Lagrange approach. The cavitated short bearing model is employed to describe the nonlinear oil force of the SFD. To reduce the scale of the nonlinear coupling system, a set of orthogonal transformations is employed to decouple the one nodal diameter equations of blades, which are coupled with the dy- namical equations of the rotor, with other equations of blades. In this way, the original system with 16+4n (n≥3) degrees of freedom (DoF) is reduced to a system with 24 DoF only. Then the parametric excitation terms in the blade-overhang rotor-SFD model are simplified in terms of periodic transforma- tions. The coupling equations are numerically solved and the solutions are used to analyze the dy- namic behavior of the system in terms of the bifurcation diagram, whirl orbit, Poincaré map and spec- trum plot. A variety of motion types are found such as multi-periodic, quasi-periodic, and chaotic mo- tions. Moreover, the typical nonlinear dynamic evolutions including the periodic-doubling bifurcation and reverse bifurcation are noted. It is noticed that there exist apparent differences in the dynamic behavior between the blade-overhang rotor-SFD models without and with considering the effect of blades.展开更多
Metal halide perovskites are promising materials for solar cells because of high power conversion efficiency(PCE),tun-able bandgap,high defect tolerance,long carrier diffusion length,and low-cost fabrication[1-7].The ...Metal halide perovskites are promising materials for solar cells because of high power conversion efficiency(PCE),tun-able bandgap,high defect tolerance,long carrier diffusion length,and low-cost fabrication[1-7].The PCE for perovskite solar cells(PSCs)reaches 26.14%for single-junction cells,29.1%for perovskite/perovskite tandem cells and 33.9%for perovskite/silicon tandem cells,being comparable to that for silicon and other thin-film solar cells[8-10].Perovskite solar cells have been made by solution methods including spin-coat-ing,blade coating and printing[11,12].展开更多
Blade batteries are extensively used in electric vehicles,but unavoidable thermal runaway is an inherent threat to their safe use.This study experimentally investigated the mechanism underlying thermal runaway propaga...Blade batteries are extensively used in electric vehicles,but unavoidable thermal runaway is an inherent threat to their safe use.This study experimentally investigated the mechanism underlying thermal runaway propagation within a blade battery by using a nail to trigger thermal runaway and thermocouples to track its propagation inside a cell.The results showed that the internal thermal runaway could propagate for up to 272 s,which is comparable to that of a traditional battery module.The velocity of the thermal runaway propagation fluctuated between 1 and 8 mm s^(-1),depending on both the electrolyte content and high-temperature gas diffusion.In the early stages of thermal runaway,the electrolyte participated in the reaction,which intensified the thermal runaway and accelerated its propagation.As the battery temperature increased,the electrolyte evaporated,which attenuated the acceleration effect.Gas diffusion affected thermal runaway propagation through both heat transfer and mass transfer.The experimental results indicated that gas diffusion accelerated the velocity of thermal runaway propagation by 36.84%.We used a 1D mathematical model and confirmed that convective heat transfer induced by gas diffusion increased the velocity of thermal runaway propagation by 5.46%-17.06%.Finally,the temperature rate curve was analyzed,and a three-stage mechanism for internal thermal runaway propagation was proposed.In Stage I,convective heat transfer from electrolyte evaporation locally increased the temperature to 100℃.In Stage II,solid heat transfer locally increases the temperature to trigger thermal runaway.In StageⅢ,thermal runaway sharply increases the local temperature.The proposed mechanism sheds light on the internal thermal runaway propagation of blade batteries and offers valuable insights into safety considerations for future design.展开更多
The centrifugal pump is a prevalent power equipment widely used in different engineering patterns,and the impeller blade wrap angle significantly impacts its performance.A numerical investigation was conducted to anal...The centrifugal pump is a prevalent power equipment widely used in different engineering patterns,and the impeller blade wrap angle significantly impacts its performance.A numerical investigation was conducted to analyze the influence of the blade wrap angle on flow characteristics and energy distribution of a centrifugal pump evaluated as a low specific speed with a value of 69.This study investigates six impellermodels that possess varying blade wrap angles(95°,105°,115°,125°,135°,and 145°)that were created while maintaining the same volute and other geometrical characteristics.The investigation of energy loss was conducted to evaluate the values of total and entropy generation rates(TEG,EGR).The fluid-structure interaction was considered numerically using the software tools ANSYS Fluent and ANSYSWorkbench.The elastic structural dynamic equation was used to estimate the structural response,while the shear stress transport k–ωturbulence model was utilized for the fluid domain modeling.The findings suggest that the blade wrap angle has a significant influence on the efficiency of the pump.The impeller featuring a blade wrap angle of 145°exhibits higher efficiency,with a notable increase of 3.76%relative to the original model.Variations in the blade wrap angle impact the energy loss,shaft power,and pump head.The model with a 145°angle exhibited a maximum equivalent stress of 14.8MPa and a total deformation of 0.084 mm.The results provide valuable insights into the intricate flow mechanism of the centrifugal pump,particularly when considering various blade wrap angles.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11772089)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos. N160312001and N160313004)the Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration(No.MSV201707)
文摘Considering the elastic supports,the finite element model of rotor-bladed disk-casing system is established using commercial software ANSYS/LS-DYNA.Assuming that broken blade is released from the disk,the complicate rubbing responses of unbalanced rotor-bladed disk-casing system are studied under different operational speeds.In addition,influences of both plastic deformation of blade and casing failure are analyzed.The results show that there exist some multiple even fractional frequencies in the transient and steady vibration responses of unbalanced rotor.Besides,one nodal diameter vibration of bladed disk coupling with the lateral vibration of the shaft as well as the first order bending vibration of blade can be excited under low operational speed,while the first order bending vibration of blade coupling with the lateral vibration of disk-shaft is easily excited under high operational speed.During rubbing process,three distinct contact states can be observed:broken blade-casing contact,broken blade-blade component-casing contact and broken blade-casing contact/blade component-casing contact/blade selfcontact.It is worth noting that the third contact state is related to the operational speed.With the increase of operational speed,self-contact in the blade may occur.
文摘The finite element models of blade, disk and bladed disk are built up by finite element software ANSYS. The natural frequencies of the single blade, the whole bladed disk and the bladed disk with only one sector by cyclic symmetry boundary have been calculated. Then, based on the results above, a structure dynamic model of multiple degree-of-freedom （MDOF） systems is established to simulate the bladed-disk assembly. Solve the motion equation by using the Runge-Kutta Method （Gill Method）. The dynamic response of the MDOF system is achieved. As for the given mistuning patterns, the vibration responses of bladed disks are calculated. The results have been compared and analyzed, and the optimum pattern is selected.
文摘The present work is based on the comparative study between “Blade-Element- Momentum” (BEM) analysis and “Computational-Fluid-Dynamics” (CFD) analysis of small-scale horizontal axis wind turbine blade. In this study, the pitch is considered as fixed and rotor speed is variable. Firstly, the aerodynamic characteristics of three different specialized airfoils were analyzed to get optimum design parameters of wind turbine blade. Then BEM was performed with the application of the open source wind turbine design and performance computation software Q-Blade v0.6. After that, CFD simulation was done by Ansys CFX software. Here, k-ω “Shear-Stress-Transport” (SST) model was conducted for three-dimensional visualization of turbine performance. However, the best coefficient of performance was observed at 6o angle of attack. At this angle of attack, in the case of BEM, the highest coefficient of performance was 0.47 whereby CFD analysis, it was 0.43. Both studies showed good performance prediction which was a positive step to accelerate the continuous revolution in wind energy sector.
基金supported in part by International Platform for Dryland Research and Education (IPDRE),Tottori University
文摘In this study,wind tunnel experiment was carried out to investigate the self-staring capability for straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine.The flow visualization also was been performed at the rest of the rotor.The effect of the azimuthal angle of blade position relative to wind direction on the self-starting capability was discussed based on the results of flow visualization.The torque and centripetal force of the rotor when the self-starting behavior starts were roughly calculated with the flow visualization results of the rotor.It is suggested that there exists the condition of wind speed and configuration of the blade position of the rotor at the rest of rotor to the reach to situational rotation number.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10632040)the Natural Science Foundation of Hei-Long-Jiang Province of China (Grant No. ZJG0704)the Harbin Science & Technology Innovative Foundation of China (Grant No. 2007RFLXG009)
文摘To study the nonlinear dynamic behavior of the bladed overhang rotor system with squeeze film damper (SFD), a blade-overhang rotor-SFD model is formulated using the lumped mass method and the Lagrange approach. The cavitated short bearing model is employed to describe the nonlinear oil force of the SFD. To reduce the scale of the nonlinear coupling system, a set of orthogonal transformations is employed to decouple the one nodal diameter equations of blades, which are coupled with the dy- namical equations of the rotor, with other equations of blades. In this way, the original system with 16+4n (n≥3) degrees of freedom (DoF) is reduced to a system with 24 DoF only. Then the parametric excitation terms in the blade-overhang rotor-SFD model are simplified in terms of periodic transforma- tions. The coupling equations are numerically solved and the solutions are used to analyze the dy- namic behavior of the system in terms of the bifurcation diagram, whirl orbit, Poincaré map and spec- trum plot. A variety of motion types are found such as multi-periodic, quasi-periodic, and chaotic mo- tions. Moreover, the typical nonlinear dynamic evolutions including the periodic-doubling bifurcation and reverse bifurcation are noted. It is noticed that there exist apparent differences in the dynamic behavior between the blade-overhang rotor-SFD models without and with considering the effect of blades.
基金We thank the Key Research and Development Project of Anhui Province(2023t07020005)Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(2308085QE137)+2 种基金Anhui Innovation&Entrepreneurship Support Plan for Returned Overseas Students(2022LCX018)L.Ding thanks the Nation al Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3803300,2023YFE0116800)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(IS23037).
文摘Metal halide perovskites are promising materials for solar cells because of high power conversion efficiency(PCE),tun-able bandgap,high defect tolerance,long carrier diffusion length,and low-cost fabrication[1-7].The PCE for perovskite solar cells(PSCs)reaches 26.14%for single-junction cells,29.1%for perovskite/perovskite tandem cells and 33.9%for perovskite/silicon tandem cells,being comparable to that for silicon and other thin-film solar cells[8-10].Perovskite solar cells have been made by solution methods including spin-coat-ing,blade coating and printing[11,12].
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program-Strategic Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation(Grant No.2022YFE0207900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51706117,52076121)。
文摘Blade batteries are extensively used in electric vehicles,but unavoidable thermal runaway is an inherent threat to their safe use.This study experimentally investigated the mechanism underlying thermal runaway propagation within a blade battery by using a nail to trigger thermal runaway and thermocouples to track its propagation inside a cell.The results showed that the internal thermal runaway could propagate for up to 272 s,which is comparable to that of a traditional battery module.The velocity of the thermal runaway propagation fluctuated between 1 and 8 mm s^(-1),depending on both the electrolyte content and high-temperature gas diffusion.In the early stages of thermal runaway,the electrolyte participated in the reaction,which intensified the thermal runaway and accelerated its propagation.As the battery temperature increased,the electrolyte evaporated,which attenuated the acceleration effect.Gas diffusion affected thermal runaway propagation through both heat transfer and mass transfer.The experimental results indicated that gas diffusion accelerated the velocity of thermal runaway propagation by 36.84%.We used a 1D mathematical model and confirmed that convective heat transfer induced by gas diffusion increased the velocity of thermal runaway propagation by 5.46%-17.06%.Finally,the temperature rate curve was analyzed,and a three-stage mechanism for internal thermal runaway propagation was proposed.In Stage I,convective heat transfer from electrolyte evaporation locally increased the temperature to 100℃.In Stage II,solid heat transfer locally increases the temperature to trigger thermal runaway.In StageⅢ,thermal runaway sharply increases the local temperature.The proposed mechanism sheds light on the internal thermal runaway propagation of blade batteries and offers valuable insights into safety considerations for future design.
文摘The centrifugal pump is a prevalent power equipment widely used in different engineering patterns,and the impeller blade wrap angle significantly impacts its performance.A numerical investigation was conducted to analyze the influence of the blade wrap angle on flow characteristics and energy distribution of a centrifugal pump evaluated as a low specific speed with a value of 69.This study investigates six impellermodels that possess varying blade wrap angles(95°,105°,115°,125°,135°,and 145°)that were created while maintaining the same volute and other geometrical characteristics.The investigation of energy loss was conducted to evaluate the values of total and entropy generation rates(TEG,EGR).The fluid-structure interaction was considered numerically using the software tools ANSYS Fluent and ANSYSWorkbench.The elastic structural dynamic equation was used to estimate the structural response,while the shear stress transport k–ωturbulence model was utilized for the fluid domain modeling.The findings suggest that the blade wrap angle has a significant influence on the efficiency of the pump.The impeller featuring a blade wrap angle of 145°exhibits higher efficiency,with a notable increase of 3.76%relative to the original model.Variations in the blade wrap angle impact the energy loss,shaft power,and pump head.The model with a 145°angle exhibited a maximum equivalent stress of 14.8MPa and a total deformation of 0.084 mm.The results provide valuable insights into the intricate flow mechanism of the centrifugal pump,particularly when considering various blade wrap angles.
