Objective:To investigate whether there is an association between diameter of bacille CalmetteGuerin(BCG)sears and effect of purified protein derivative(PPD)reaction anil to determine whether vitamin A(VA)combined vita...Objective:To investigate whether there is an association between diameter of bacille CalmetteGuerin(BCG)sears and effect of purified protein derivative(PPD)reaction anil to determine whether vitamin A(VA)combined vitamin I)(VD)supplementation influences the immune response to BCG revueeinated in Chinese infants.Methods:A cross-section and 3-month community-randomised trial was conducted.A total of 5 629 infants at 3,6 and 12 months of age in Junan County of China were examined for BCG scar fonnation.Then,597 revuccinated infants were randomly assigned to supplementation(n=307)and control(n=290)groups.The supplementation group were daily assigned to 1 500 IU VA and 500 IU VD for 3 months.Then all infants were subjected to skin test with PPD.Results:The diameter of BCG sears was positively con-elated with diameter of skin indurations of PPD(r=0.17,P<0.05)in the 5 629 infants.The rate of positive response to PP1)was higher in the supplementation group than in the control group(96.1%versus 89.7%,P<0.05,prevalence ratio 1.07.95%CI 1.02-1.12).The prevalence ralio of PPD response for the supplementation group compared with that for the control group was 1.07(95%CI 1.01-1.13)for the males and 1.08(95%CI 1.00-1.17)for the females.For the supplementation group,the males got larger tuberculin induration than the females[(0.73±0.2l)cm versus(0.67±0.20)cm.P<0.05)after intervention.Conclusions:The diameter of BCG scars was effectively correlated with PPD response,which indicates BCG scar formation may be an useful tool Io evaluate the effect of tuberculosis prevention.VA combined VD supplementation may play an immunoregulatory rale in BCG revuecination.This may contribute to the prevention of childhood tuberculosis.展开更多
结核病是由结核分枝杆菌引发的一种传染病。1882年,结核分枝杆菌(mycobacterium tuberculosis,Mtb)由Rober t Koch发现,至今仍是致人类死亡主要病原体之一。更可怕是,多重耐药(MDR)和广泛耐药(XDR)Mtb患病率的明显增加。上世纪90年代,...结核病是由结核分枝杆菌引发的一种传染病。1882年,结核分枝杆菌(mycobacterium tuberculosis,Mtb)由Rober t Koch发现,至今仍是致人类死亡主要病原体之一。更可怕是,多重耐药(MDR)和广泛耐药(XDR)Mtb患病率的明显增加。上世纪90年代,世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)宣布结核病处于全球性紧急状态。结核病的最佳预防措施是接种疫苗,但是卡介苗(bacille Calmette-Guér in,BCG)对成人的保护效力不完全。随着Mtb基因序列的检测成功,疫苗的研究取得了重大的进展,已经有十几种候选疫苗准备或已进人体临床试验阶段。当前热门的候选疫苗包括重组BCG疫苗、减毒Mtb活疫苗和亚单位疫苗等。本文将从这些方面进行综述。展开更多
Metabolic diseases have overtaken infectious diseases as the most serious public health issue and economic burden in most countries.Moreover,metabolic diseases increase the risk of having infectious diseases.The treat...Metabolic diseases have overtaken infectious diseases as the most serious public health issue and economic burden in most countries.Moreover,metabolic diseases increase the risk of having infectious diseases.The treatment of metabolic disease may require a long-term strategy of taking multiple medications,which can be costly and have side effects.Attempts to expand the therapeutic use of vaccination to prevent or treat metabolic diseases have attracted significant interest.A growing body of evidence indicates that Bacillus Calmette-Guerin(BCG)offers protection against non-infectious diseases.The non-specific effects of BCG occur likely due to the induction of trained immunity.In this regard,understanding how BCG influences the development of chronic metabolic health including liver diseases would be important.This review focuses on research on BCG,the constellation of disorders associated with metabolic health issues including liver diseases and diabetes as well as how BCG affects the gut microbiome,immunity,and metabolism.展开更多
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81172662)Specialized Research Fond for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(20123706110004)
文摘Objective:To investigate whether there is an association between diameter of bacille CalmetteGuerin(BCG)sears and effect of purified protein derivative(PPD)reaction anil to determine whether vitamin A(VA)combined vitamin I)(VD)supplementation influences the immune response to BCG revueeinated in Chinese infants.Methods:A cross-section and 3-month community-randomised trial was conducted.A total of 5 629 infants at 3,6 and 12 months of age in Junan County of China were examined for BCG scar fonnation.Then,597 revuccinated infants were randomly assigned to supplementation(n=307)and control(n=290)groups.The supplementation group were daily assigned to 1 500 IU VA and 500 IU VD for 3 months.Then all infants were subjected to skin test with PPD.Results:The diameter of BCG sears was positively con-elated with diameter of skin indurations of PPD(r=0.17,P<0.05)in the 5 629 infants.The rate of positive response to PP1)was higher in the supplementation group than in the control group(96.1%versus 89.7%,P<0.05,prevalence ratio 1.07.95%CI 1.02-1.12).The prevalence ralio of PPD response for the supplementation group compared with that for the control group was 1.07(95%CI 1.01-1.13)for the males and 1.08(95%CI 1.00-1.17)for the females.For the supplementation group,the males got larger tuberculin induration than the females[(0.73±0.2l)cm versus(0.67±0.20)cm.P<0.05)after intervention.Conclusions:The diameter of BCG scars was effectively correlated with PPD response,which indicates BCG scar formation may be an useful tool Io evaluate the effect of tuberculosis prevention.VA combined VD supplementation may play an immunoregulatory rale in BCG revuecination.This may contribute to the prevention of childhood tuberculosis.
文摘结核病是由结核分枝杆菌引发的一种传染病。1882年,结核分枝杆菌(mycobacterium tuberculosis,Mtb)由Rober t Koch发现,至今仍是致人类死亡主要病原体之一。更可怕是,多重耐药(MDR)和广泛耐药(XDR)Mtb患病率的明显增加。上世纪90年代,世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)宣布结核病处于全球性紧急状态。结核病的最佳预防措施是接种疫苗,但是卡介苗(bacille Calmette-Guér in,BCG)对成人的保护效力不完全。随着Mtb基因序列的检测成功,疫苗的研究取得了重大的进展,已经有十几种候选疫苗准备或已进人体临床试验阶段。当前热门的候选疫苗包括重组BCG疫苗、减毒Mtb活疫苗和亚单位疫苗等。本文将从这些方面进行综述。
基金This study is supported by grants funded by the USA National Institutes of Health(R01CA222490).
文摘Metabolic diseases have overtaken infectious diseases as the most serious public health issue and economic burden in most countries.Moreover,metabolic diseases increase the risk of having infectious diseases.The treatment of metabolic disease may require a long-term strategy of taking multiple medications,which can be costly and have side effects.Attempts to expand the therapeutic use of vaccination to prevent or treat metabolic diseases have attracted significant interest.A growing body of evidence indicates that Bacillus Calmette-Guerin(BCG)offers protection against non-infectious diseases.The non-specific effects of BCG occur likely due to the induction of trained immunity.In this regard,understanding how BCG influences the development of chronic metabolic health including liver diseases would be important.This review focuses on research on BCG,the constellation of disorders associated with metabolic health issues including liver diseases and diabetes as well as how BCG affects the gut microbiome,immunity,and metabolism.
