The original Bacillus subtilis was isolated from the soil of an apple orchard,and B. subtilis strain BS80-6,selected from Bacillus subtilis by ion implantation,was used as an antagonist for postharvest biological cont...The original Bacillus subtilis was isolated from the soil of an apple orchard,and B. subtilis strain BS80-6,selected from Bacillus subtilis by ion implantation,was used as an antagonist for postharvest biological control against apple anthracnose（ colletotrichum gloeosporioides）. The mechanisms of action and efficacy of Bacillus subtilis strain BS80-6 against apple anthracnose caused by colletotrichum gloeosporioides were studied in vitro and on apples in controlled and semi-commercial conditions. An application of cell suspension（ 108 cells per mL） of the antagonist in artificial wounds of apples reduced growth of C. gloeosporioides after storage at different temperatures. The inhibitory actions of cell culture to hyphal growth and to spores germination were 86. 6% and 98. 65%,respectively,and the control efficacy of cell culture against the disease was 60. 34% at room temperature. The results showed that BS80-6 was more effective against apple anthracnose.The cell culture of BS80-6 received better control efficacy against apple anthracnose than culture filtrates and autoclaved cell. All treatments significantly inhibited the disease both in vitro and in vivo compared with control. Fruits treated with cell culture and stored at 10 ℃ had lower infection rate,more delayed formation of acervwlus and smaller lesion diameter than those stored at 20 ℃. There was better control efficacy in fruits inoculated with spores after application of BS80-6. The mechanisms of BS80-6 activity appeared to involve production of an antifungal substance,deformation of hyphal cell and disintegration of cell wall. Besides,BS80-6 could improve the activity of major defense enzymes of apple,such as peroxidase（ POD） and polyphenol oxidase（ PPO）.展开更多
We investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with Bacillus subtilis PB6(B.subtilis PB6)during late gestation and lactation on sow reproductive performance,antioxidant indices,and gut microbiota.A total of 32...We investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with Bacillus subtilis PB6(B.subtilis PB6)during late gestation and lactation on sow reproductive performance,antioxidant indices,and gut microbiota.A total of 32 healthy Landrace×Yorkshire sows on d 90 of gestation were randomly assigned to 2 groups,with 16 replicates per group,receiving basal diet(CON)or the basal diet+0.2%B.subtilis PB6,containing 4.0×10^8 CFU/kg of feed(BS).The litter sizes(total born)and numbers of piglets born alive were larger in the BS group(P<0.01),whereas the weights of piglets born alive and the piglet birth intervals were lower in the BS group(P<0.05).Although the litter weights and piglet bodyweights(after crossfostering)were lower after BS treatment(P<0.05),the litter sizes,litter weights,lactation survival rate,and litter weight gains at weaning were higher in BS group(P<0.05).The concentrations of malondialdehyde(MDA)in the sow sera at parturition were lower in the BS group(P<0.01).The serum total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)at parturition and the serum catalase(CAT)concentrations on d 21 of lactation were higher in the BS group(P<0.05).Dietary supplementation with B.subtilis PB6(P<0.05)reduced the serum endotoxin concentrations in the sows and the serum cortisol concentrations of the piglets at d 14 of lactation.Theα-diversity indices of microbial were higher in the CON group(P<0.05).At the phylum level,B.subtilis PB6 supplementation increased the relative abundances of Gemmatimonadete and Acidobacteria(both P<0.01)and reduced those of Proteobacteria,and Actinobacteria(both P<0.05).At the genus level,B.subtilis PB6 supplementation increased the relative abundance of RuminococcaceaeUCG-013 cc(P<0.05)and reduced that of Streptococcus(P<0.05).This study demonstrated that adding 4.0×10^8 CFU/kg B.subtilis PB6 to sows’feed during late gestation and lactation could shorten piglet birth intervals,enhance the growth performance of suckling piglets,and improve the gut health of sows during late gestation.展开更多
[Objective] This study was conducted to investigate the biocontrol activity of Streptomyces corchorusii strain NF0919 and Bacillus subtilis D J-6 WP to grape downy mildew. [Methed] We determined the indoor toxicity of...[Objective] This study was conducted to investigate the biocontrol activity of Streptomyces corchorusii strain NF0919 and Bacillus subtilis D J-6 WP to grape downy mildew. [Methed] We determined the indoor toxicity of the supernatant of S. corchorusii strain NF0919, 1.0×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis D J-6 WP, mancozeb and dimethomorph on Plasmopara viticola by the leaf disc method, respectively, and a field efficacy trial was conducted. [Result] The results showed that the ECso values of the supernatant of strain NF0919, 1.0×1011cfu/g B. subtilis D J-6 WP, mancozeb and dimethomorph were 96.285 9, 86.603 8, 69.947 2 and 7.263 6 μg/ml, respec- tively. The values of field efficacy in preventive experiments for grape downy mildew on the 7th day after 2 times of spraying 20 times diluent of the supernatant of strain NF0919 and 1 000 times diluent of 1.0×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis D J-6 WP were 71.55% and 70.71%, respectively, and the values of field efficacy on the 14th day after the 2 times of fungicide application were 67.54% and 68.19%, respectively. The values of field efficacy in curative experiments on the 7th day after 2 times of spraying 20 times diluent of the supematant of strain NF0919 and 1 000 times diluent of 1.0×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis D J-6 WP were 59.72% and 56.07%, respectively, and the val- ues of field efficacy on the 14th day after the 2 times of fungicide application were 56.88% and 57.46%, respectively. The field efficacy values of the 2 tested biocon- trol agents were equivalent. The protective effect showed no significant difference between each of tested biocontrol agents and 300 times diluent of 50% mancozeb WP, but there was a significant difference in the efficacy between each of tested biocontrol agents and 200 times diluent of 40% dimethomorph SC. [Conclusion] The S. corchorusii strain NF0919 and B. subtilis D J-6 WP had certain biocontrol poten- tial to grape downy mildew and development value.展开更多
基金Supported by Key Project of Natural Science Research of Anhui Education De-partment(KJ2007A095)
文摘The original Bacillus subtilis was isolated from the soil of an apple orchard,and B. subtilis strain BS80-6,selected from Bacillus subtilis by ion implantation,was used as an antagonist for postharvest biological control against apple anthracnose（ colletotrichum gloeosporioides）. The mechanisms of action and efficacy of Bacillus subtilis strain BS80-6 against apple anthracnose caused by colletotrichum gloeosporioides were studied in vitro and on apples in controlled and semi-commercial conditions. An application of cell suspension（ 108 cells per mL） of the antagonist in artificial wounds of apples reduced growth of C. gloeosporioides after storage at different temperatures. The inhibitory actions of cell culture to hyphal growth and to spores germination were 86. 6% and 98. 65%,respectively,and the control efficacy of cell culture against the disease was 60. 34% at room temperature. The results showed that BS80-6 was more effective against apple anthracnose.The cell culture of BS80-6 received better control efficacy against apple anthracnose than culture filtrates and autoclaved cell. All treatments significantly inhibited the disease both in vitro and in vivo compared with control. Fruits treated with cell culture and stored at 10 ℃ had lower infection rate,more delayed formation of acervwlus and smaller lesion diameter than those stored at 20 ℃. There was better control efficacy in fruits inoculated with spores after application of BS80-6. The mechanisms of BS80-6 activity appeared to involve production of an antifungal substance,deformation of hyphal cell and disintegration of cell wall. Besides,BS80-6 could improve the activity of major defense enzymes of apple,such as peroxidase（ POD） and polyphenol oxidase（ PPO）.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(grant no.2018YFD0501000)Sichuan Province“135”Breeding Tackle Project(grant no.2016NYZ0052)
文摘We investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with Bacillus subtilis PB6(B.subtilis PB6)during late gestation and lactation on sow reproductive performance,antioxidant indices,and gut microbiota.A total of 32 healthy Landrace×Yorkshire sows on d 90 of gestation were randomly assigned to 2 groups,with 16 replicates per group,receiving basal diet(CON)or the basal diet+0.2%B.subtilis PB6,containing 4.0×10^8 CFU/kg of feed(BS).The litter sizes(total born)and numbers of piglets born alive were larger in the BS group(P<0.01),whereas the weights of piglets born alive and the piglet birth intervals were lower in the BS group(P<0.05).Although the litter weights and piglet bodyweights(after crossfostering)were lower after BS treatment(P<0.05),the litter sizes,litter weights,lactation survival rate,and litter weight gains at weaning were higher in BS group(P<0.05).The concentrations of malondialdehyde(MDA)in the sow sera at parturition were lower in the BS group(P<0.01).The serum total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)at parturition and the serum catalase(CAT)concentrations on d 21 of lactation were higher in the BS group(P<0.05).Dietary supplementation with B.subtilis PB6(P<0.05)reduced the serum endotoxin concentrations in the sows and the serum cortisol concentrations of the piglets at d 14 of lactation.Theα-diversity indices of microbial were higher in the CON group(P<0.05).At the phylum level,B.subtilis PB6 supplementation increased the relative abundances of Gemmatimonadete and Acidobacteria(both P<0.01)and reduced those of Proteobacteria,and Actinobacteria(both P<0.05).At the genus level,B.subtilis PB6 supplementation increased the relative abundance of RuminococcaceaeUCG-013 cc(P<0.05)and reduced that of Streptococcus(P<0.05).This study demonstrated that adding 4.0×10^8 CFU/kg B.subtilis PB6 to sows’feed during late gestation and lactation could shorten piglet birth intervals,enhance the growth performance of suckling piglets,and improve the gut health of sows during late gestation.
基金Supported by Science&Technology Specific Project for Enriching People and Strengthening County Economy in China(BN20156222)Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Independent Innovation Fund(CX(14)2056)
文摘[Objective] This study was conducted to investigate the biocontrol activity of Streptomyces corchorusii strain NF0919 and Bacillus subtilis D J-6 WP to grape downy mildew. [Methed] We determined the indoor toxicity of the supernatant of S. corchorusii strain NF0919, 1.0×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis D J-6 WP, mancozeb and dimethomorph on Plasmopara viticola by the leaf disc method, respectively, and a field efficacy trial was conducted. [Result] The results showed that the ECso values of the supernatant of strain NF0919, 1.0×1011cfu/g B. subtilis D J-6 WP, mancozeb and dimethomorph were 96.285 9, 86.603 8, 69.947 2 and 7.263 6 μg/ml, respec- tively. The values of field efficacy in preventive experiments for grape downy mildew on the 7th day after 2 times of spraying 20 times diluent of the supernatant of strain NF0919 and 1 000 times diluent of 1.0×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis D J-6 WP were 71.55% and 70.71%, respectively, and the values of field efficacy on the 14th day after the 2 times of fungicide application were 67.54% and 68.19%, respectively. The values of field efficacy in curative experiments on the 7th day after 2 times of spraying 20 times diluent of the supematant of strain NF0919 and 1 000 times diluent of 1.0×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis D J-6 WP were 59.72% and 56.07%, respectively, and the val- ues of field efficacy on the 14th day after the 2 times of fungicide application were 56.88% and 57.46%, respectively. The field efficacy values of the 2 tested biocon- trol agents were equivalent. The protective effect showed no significant difference between each of tested biocontrol agents and 300 times diluent of 50% mancozeb WP, but there was a significant difference in the efficacy between each of tested biocontrol agents and 200 times diluent of 40% dimethomorph SC. [Conclusion] The S. corchorusii strain NF0919 and B. subtilis D J-6 WP had certain biocontrol poten- tial to grape downy mildew and development value.
