Objective: Chlorine dioxide (CD) gas has been used as a fumigant in the disinfection of biosafety labo- ratories. In this study, some experiments were conducted to assess the inactivation of spores inoculated on si...Objective: Chlorine dioxide (CD) gas has been used as a fumigant in the disinfection of biosafety labo- ratories. In this study, some experiments were conducted to assess the inactivation of spores inoculated on six ma- terials [stainless steel (SS), painted steel (PS), polyvinyl chlorid (PVC), polyurethane (PU), glass (GS), and cotton cloth (CC)] by CD gas. The main aims of the study were to determine the sporicidal efficacy of CD gas and the effect of prehumidification before decontamination on sporicidal efficacy. Methods: Material coupons (1.2 cm diameter of SS, PS, and PU; 1.0 cmx1.0 cm for PVC, GS, and CC) were contaminated with 10 IJI of Bacillus subtilis var. niger(ATCC 9372) spore suspension in mixed organic burden and then dried in a biosafety cabinet for 12 h. The spores were recovered by soaking the coupons in 5 ml of extraction liquid for 1 h and then vortexing the liquid for 1 min. Results: The log reductions in spore numbers on inoculated test materials exposed to CD gas [0.080% (volume ratio, v/v) for 3 h] were in the range of from 1.80 to 6.64. Statistically significant differences were found in decontamination efficacies on test material coupons of SS, PS, PU, and CC between with and without a 1-h prehumidification treatment. With the extraction method, there were no statistically significant differences in the recovery ratios between the porous and non-porous materials. Conclusions: The results reported from this study could provide information for developing decontamination technology based on CD gas for targeting surface microbial contamination.展开更多
为了解专门电解生成机生成的酸性氧化电位水消毒性能,采用流动载体浸泡杀菌试验和动物试验方法对其杀菌效果及毒性进行了试验观察。结果,联邦牌酸化水生成机产生的酸性氧化电位水原液对白色念珠菌作用4m in,对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢作用1...为了解专门电解生成机生成的酸性氧化电位水消毒性能,采用流动载体浸泡杀菌试验和动物试验方法对其杀菌效果及毒性进行了试验观察。结果,联邦牌酸化水生成机产生的酸性氧化电位水原液对白色念珠菌作用4m in,对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢作用10 m in,平均杀灭对数值≥3.00;体积分数50%该酸化水对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌作用2 m in,平均杀灭对数值均≥3.00。该酸性氧化电位水对小鼠急性口服毒性试验属实际无毒;对家兔皮肤、黏膜无刺激性;对小鼠嗜多染红细胞无致微核作用。酸性氧化电位水原液浸泡72 h,对碳钢有中度腐蚀,对铝有轻度腐蚀,对不锈钢和铜基本无腐蚀。结论,该酸性氧化电位水具有很好的杀菌能力,属无毒类物质,对皮肤黏膜无刺激性,对金属具有一定腐蚀性。展开更多
一元制剂二氧化氯消毒粉剂是由3种主要成分组成,为了解其杀菌效果和毒性,采用悬液定量杀菌试验和动物毒性试验进行了实验室研究。结果,以含30 mg/L二氧化氯该消毒剂水溶液对悬液内大肠杆菌作用5 m in,平均杀灭率为99.95%;15 mg/L二氧化...一元制剂二氧化氯消毒粉剂是由3种主要成分组成,为了解其杀菌效果和毒性,采用悬液定量杀菌试验和动物毒性试验进行了实验室研究。结果,以含30 mg/L二氧化氯该消毒剂水溶液对悬液内大肠杆菌作用5 m in,平均杀灭率为99.95%;15 mg/L二氧化氯消毒液对金黄色葡萄球菌作用5 m in,平均杀灭率为99.91%;60 mg/L二氧化氯消毒液对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢作用10 m in,平均杀灭率为99.94%。以200 mg/L二氧化氯消毒液作用5m in,可完全破坏悬液内HBsAg的抗原性。菌悬液内含体积分数25%以上小牛血清对其杀灭大肠杆菌效果有轻度影响。该二氧化氯消毒粉剂对小鼠急性经口LD50值大于5000 mg/kg,属无毒类物质;以100 mg/L二氧化氯消毒液对家兔皮肤刺激试验指数为0.63,属于轻度刺激性。结论,一元制剂二氧化氯消毒粉剂对细菌繁殖体和细菌芽孢具有良好的杀菌效果,动物毒性试验属无毒类物质、对家兔皮肤有轻度刺激性。展开更多
目的改进完善Ⅱ级生物安全柜生物测试的方法,观察两种指示微生物的空气生物学特性。方法采用改良美国NF-49标准方法,以粘质沙雷菌为指标菌检测生物安全柜防护性能。结果枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢经过porton采样器冲击30 m in,其相对存活率只...目的改进完善Ⅱ级生物安全柜生物测试的方法,观察两种指示微生物的空气生物学特性。方法采用改良美国NF-49标准方法,以粘质沙雷菌为指标菌检测生物安全柜防护性能。结果枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢经过porton采样器冲击30 m in,其相对存活率只有37%;而粘质沙雷菌经30 m in冲击,其相对存活率为88%。枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢经30 m in雾化,其相对存活率为53%;粘质沙雷菌雾化30 m in,其相对存活率为89%。实验环境中粘质沙雷菌本底检测结果菌落数均为0,粘质沙雷菌在自然界空气中不是优势菌株,不会对检测产生干扰。两台生物安全柜在不同风速下防护性能检测结果全部合格且与该安全柜出厂检测结果一致。结论粘质沙雷菌具有良好的雾化和冲击耐受性,受检的安全柜的人员、样品和环境防护作用合格,本研究建立的检测验证方法灵敏性和重复性与美国标准(NF-49)一致。展开更多
为了解三氯异氰尿酸消毒片杀菌效果及毒性,以悬液定量杀菌试验和毒性试验进行了试验观察。结果,以含有效氯250 mg/L该消毒片溶液对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌作用15 m in,杀灭对数值均>5.0,对白色念球菌的杀灭对数值>...为了解三氯异氰尿酸消毒片杀菌效果及毒性,以悬液定量杀菌试验和毒性试验进行了试验观察。结果,以含有效氯250 mg/L该消毒片溶液对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌作用15 m in,杀灭对数值均>5.0,对白色念球菌的杀灭对数值>4.0。含2500 mg/L有效氯该消毒液对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢作用30 m in,杀灭对数值>5.0。对铜绿假单胞菌能量试验最低合格浓度为500 mg/L。用含250 mg/L该消毒液浸泡作用30 m in,对瓷盘上大肠杆菌的杀灭对数值>3.0。以含1000 mg/L消毒液作用15 m in,对物体表面自然菌的杀菌对数值为1.72。该消毒片对小鼠经口毒性LD50为>5000 mg/kg,属实际无毒级;小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验阴性。结论,三氯异氰尿酸消毒片对细菌繁殖体和枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢杀灭作用较强,动物试验属无毒级物质。展开更多
为观察内镜消毒机及其配套的固体过氧乙酸对微生物的杀灭效果,采用载体浸泡定量法和模拟现场试验对其消毒效果进行了观察。结果,以含58.95 mg/L过氧乙酸和386.30 mg/L过氧化氢的固体过氧乙酸消毒剂溶液,对不锈钢片上的金黄色葡萄球菌、...为观察内镜消毒机及其配套的固体过氧乙酸对微生物的杀灭效果,采用载体浸泡定量法和模拟现场试验对其消毒效果进行了观察。结果,以含58.95 mg/L过氧乙酸和386.30 mg/L过氧化氢的固体过氧乙酸消毒剂溶液,对不锈钢片上的金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌作用7 m in杀灭率均达100%;以含过氧乙酸1179 mg/L、过氧化氢7726mg/L的该消毒液作用10 m in,对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢的杀灭率达100%。模拟现场试验中,将含过氧乙酸1179mg/L、过氧化氢7726 mg/L固体过氧乙酸消毒剂置于专门内窥镜消毒机内,按机械规定程序进行循环消毒10 m in、无菌水冲洗和干燥等处理程序共20 m in,对污染在模拟载体及胃镜、支气管镜内腔的枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢的消除率≥99.99%。结论,该内窥镜消毒机与其专用固体过氧乙酸水解化合生成过氧乙酸、过氧化氢进行消毒,具有良好的消毒效果。展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Key Science and Technology Specific Project for Prevention and Treatment of Major Infectious Diseases in China (No. 2009ZX10004-709)the National Key Technology R&D Program in the 11th Five-Year Plan of China (No.2008BAI62B01)
文摘Objective: Chlorine dioxide (CD) gas has been used as a fumigant in the disinfection of biosafety labo- ratories. In this study, some experiments were conducted to assess the inactivation of spores inoculated on six ma- terials [stainless steel (SS), painted steel (PS), polyvinyl chlorid (PVC), polyurethane (PU), glass (GS), and cotton cloth (CC)] by CD gas. The main aims of the study were to determine the sporicidal efficacy of CD gas and the effect of prehumidification before decontamination on sporicidal efficacy. Methods: Material coupons (1.2 cm diameter of SS, PS, and PU; 1.0 cmx1.0 cm for PVC, GS, and CC) were contaminated with 10 IJI of Bacillus subtilis var. niger(ATCC 9372) spore suspension in mixed organic burden and then dried in a biosafety cabinet for 12 h. The spores were recovered by soaking the coupons in 5 ml of extraction liquid for 1 h and then vortexing the liquid for 1 min. Results: The log reductions in spore numbers on inoculated test materials exposed to CD gas [0.080% (volume ratio, v/v) for 3 h] were in the range of from 1.80 to 6.64. Statistically significant differences were found in decontamination efficacies on test material coupons of SS, PS, PU, and CC between with and without a 1-h prehumidification treatment. With the extraction method, there were no statistically significant differences in the recovery ratios between the porous and non-porous materials. Conclusions: The results reported from this study could provide information for developing decontamination technology based on CD gas for targeting surface microbial contamination.
文摘为了解专门电解生成机生成的酸性氧化电位水消毒性能,采用流动载体浸泡杀菌试验和动物试验方法对其杀菌效果及毒性进行了试验观察。结果,联邦牌酸化水生成机产生的酸性氧化电位水原液对白色念珠菌作用4m in,对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢作用10 m in,平均杀灭对数值≥3.00;体积分数50%该酸化水对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌作用2 m in,平均杀灭对数值均≥3.00。该酸性氧化电位水对小鼠急性口服毒性试验属实际无毒;对家兔皮肤、黏膜无刺激性;对小鼠嗜多染红细胞无致微核作用。酸性氧化电位水原液浸泡72 h,对碳钢有中度腐蚀,对铝有轻度腐蚀,对不锈钢和铜基本无腐蚀。结论,该酸性氧化电位水具有很好的杀菌能力,属无毒类物质,对皮肤黏膜无刺激性,对金属具有一定腐蚀性。
文摘一元制剂二氧化氯消毒粉剂是由3种主要成分组成,为了解其杀菌效果和毒性,采用悬液定量杀菌试验和动物毒性试验进行了实验室研究。结果,以含30 mg/L二氧化氯该消毒剂水溶液对悬液内大肠杆菌作用5 m in,平均杀灭率为99.95%;15 mg/L二氧化氯消毒液对金黄色葡萄球菌作用5 m in,平均杀灭率为99.91%;60 mg/L二氧化氯消毒液对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢作用10 m in,平均杀灭率为99.94%。以200 mg/L二氧化氯消毒液作用5m in,可完全破坏悬液内HBsAg的抗原性。菌悬液内含体积分数25%以上小牛血清对其杀灭大肠杆菌效果有轻度影响。该二氧化氯消毒粉剂对小鼠急性经口LD50值大于5000 mg/kg,属无毒类物质;以100 mg/L二氧化氯消毒液对家兔皮肤刺激试验指数为0.63,属于轻度刺激性。结论,一元制剂二氧化氯消毒粉剂对细菌繁殖体和细菌芽孢具有良好的杀菌效果,动物毒性试验属无毒类物质、对家兔皮肤有轻度刺激性。
文摘目的改进完善Ⅱ级生物安全柜生物测试的方法,观察两种指示微生物的空气生物学特性。方法采用改良美国NF-49标准方法,以粘质沙雷菌为指标菌检测生物安全柜防护性能。结果枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢经过porton采样器冲击30 m in,其相对存活率只有37%;而粘质沙雷菌经30 m in冲击,其相对存活率为88%。枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢经30 m in雾化,其相对存活率为53%;粘质沙雷菌雾化30 m in,其相对存活率为89%。实验环境中粘质沙雷菌本底检测结果菌落数均为0,粘质沙雷菌在自然界空气中不是优势菌株,不会对检测产生干扰。两台生物安全柜在不同风速下防护性能检测结果全部合格且与该安全柜出厂检测结果一致。结论粘质沙雷菌具有良好的雾化和冲击耐受性,受检的安全柜的人员、样品和环境防护作用合格,本研究建立的检测验证方法灵敏性和重复性与美国标准(NF-49)一致。
文摘为了解三氯异氰尿酸消毒片杀菌效果及毒性,以悬液定量杀菌试验和毒性试验进行了试验观察。结果,以含有效氯250 mg/L该消毒片溶液对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌作用15 m in,杀灭对数值均>5.0,对白色念球菌的杀灭对数值>4.0。含2500 mg/L有效氯该消毒液对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢作用30 m in,杀灭对数值>5.0。对铜绿假单胞菌能量试验最低合格浓度为500 mg/L。用含250 mg/L该消毒液浸泡作用30 m in,对瓷盘上大肠杆菌的杀灭对数值>3.0。以含1000 mg/L消毒液作用15 m in,对物体表面自然菌的杀菌对数值为1.72。该消毒片对小鼠经口毒性LD50为>5000 mg/kg,属实际无毒级;小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验阴性。结论,三氯异氰尿酸消毒片对细菌繁殖体和枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢杀灭作用较强,动物试验属无毒级物质。
文摘为观察内镜消毒机及其配套的固体过氧乙酸对微生物的杀灭效果,采用载体浸泡定量法和模拟现场试验对其消毒效果进行了观察。结果,以含58.95 mg/L过氧乙酸和386.30 mg/L过氧化氢的固体过氧乙酸消毒剂溶液,对不锈钢片上的金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌作用7 m in杀灭率均达100%;以含过氧乙酸1179 mg/L、过氧化氢7726mg/L的该消毒液作用10 m in,对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢的杀灭率达100%。模拟现场试验中,将含过氧乙酸1179mg/L、过氧化氢7726 mg/L固体过氧乙酸消毒剂置于专门内窥镜消毒机内,按机械规定程序进行循环消毒10 m in、无菌水冲洗和干燥等处理程序共20 m in,对污染在模拟载体及胃镜、支气管镜内腔的枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢的消除率≥99.99%。结论,该内窥镜消毒机与其专用固体过氧乙酸水解化合生成过氧乙酸、过氧化氢进行消毒,具有良好的消毒效果。