This paper is about Australia balance of payment. It can be divided into four parts. In the first part, I will briefly describe the economic settings of Australia from four aspects: GDP growth rate, inflation rate une...This paper is about Australia balance of payment. It can be divided into four parts. In the first part, I will briefly describe the economic settings of Australia from four aspects: GDP growth rate, inflation rate unemployment rate and balance of payment. Then in the second part, I will give my explanations about the deficits of Australia current account. Then in part three, I will concentrate on the current policies from both macro and micro aspects, and give my personal view of the appropriateness of the current policies. In final part, I will give my prediction of the balance of payment and the recommendations the future policies.展开更多
The objectives of this paper are to examine the nexus between financial liberalization,balance of payment and economic growth in Nigeria.The scope of this study due to data availability,especially on measures of balan...The objectives of this paper are to examine the nexus between financial liberalization,balance of payment and economic growth in Nigeria.The scope of this study due to data availability,especially on measures of balance of payment,covers the period of 1986-2017.This study adopts econometrics techniques of analysis by using Panel Unit Root Tests and Co-integration analysis which is used to determine the long run relationship among economic variables.To test the co-integration relationship this study followed the system proposed by Pedroni(1991)who expands the Engle and Granger[9]two stage technique to heterogeneous board information structure.The study adopts annual time series secondary data for the period of 1986 to 2017.Balance of payment,Official Exchange Rate,Inflation rate(%),Balance of trade,Trade openness,Real Gross Domestic Product growth,and Term of Trade,all data used were obtained from the World Development Indicators.The findings of this study revealed that an increase in exchange rate,interest rate,inflation rate,and trade openness have negatively affect economic growth.Hence,changes or movements in these variables do not necessarily prompt the liberalization decision in the real sector.Therefore,the need to address balance of payment is important,in accordance with the low rate of development in Nigeria.We therefore,recommend that government should monitor both Fiscal and Monetary policies’variables that can significantly influence economic growth in Nigeria.That is,adequate balance of payment that can encourage appropriate financial liberalization should be put in place with,Official Exchange Rate,Inflation rate(%),Balance of trade,Trade openness.展开更多
This paper presents the view that it is not constructive to start the analysis of international payments imbalances from the US current account deficit. It is more informative to start from excess of savings over inve...This paper presents the view that it is not constructive to start the analysis of international payments imbalances from the US current account deficit. It is more informative to start from excess of savings over investment in Asia. This imbalance principally arises because of a fall in the investment ratio rather than a rise in the saving ratio, and traces its origin to the after-effects of the Asian Crisis of 1997/98. In the final section the case of China is addressed, and the view is put forward that the combination of rapid economic growth, a fixed exchange rate and persistent current account surpluses is not sustainable into the medium term, and it is in China＇s domestic interests to adjust its exchange rate. Whether or not this has an appreciable influence on other countries＇ balance of payments positions is of secondary importance.展开更多
文摘This paper is about Australia balance of payment. It can be divided into four parts. In the first part, I will briefly describe the economic settings of Australia from four aspects: GDP growth rate, inflation rate unemployment rate and balance of payment. Then in the second part, I will give my explanations about the deficits of Australia current account. Then in part three, I will concentrate on the current policies from both macro and micro aspects, and give my personal view of the appropriateness of the current policies. In final part, I will give my prediction of the balance of payment and the recommendations the future policies.
文摘The objectives of this paper are to examine the nexus between financial liberalization,balance of payment and economic growth in Nigeria.The scope of this study due to data availability,especially on measures of balance of payment,covers the period of 1986-2017.This study adopts econometrics techniques of analysis by using Panel Unit Root Tests and Co-integration analysis which is used to determine the long run relationship among economic variables.To test the co-integration relationship this study followed the system proposed by Pedroni(1991)who expands the Engle and Granger[9]two stage technique to heterogeneous board information structure.The study adopts annual time series secondary data for the period of 1986 to 2017.Balance of payment,Official Exchange Rate,Inflation rate(%),Balance of trade,Trade openness,Real Gross Domestic Product growth,and Term of Trade,all data used were obtained from the World Development Indicators.The findings of this study revealed that an increase in exchange rate,interest rate,inflation rate,and trade openness have negatively affect economic growth.Hence,changes or movements in these variables do not necessarily prompt the liberalization decision in the real sector.Therefore,the need to address balance of payment is important,in accordance with the low rate of development in Nigeria.We therefore,recommend that government should monitor both Fiscal and Monetary policies’variables that can significantly influence economic growth in Nigeria.That is,adequate balance of payment that can encourage appropriate financial liberalization should be put in place with,Official Exchange Rate,Inflation rate(%),Balance of trade,Trade openness.
文摘This paper presents the view that it is not constructive to start the analysis of international payments imbalances from the US current account deficit. It is more informative to start from excess of savings over investment in Asia. This imbalance principally arises because of a fall in the investment ratio rather than a rise in the saving ratio, and traces its origin to the after-effects of the Asian Crisis of 1997/98. In the final section the case of China is addressed, and the view is put forward that the combination of rapid economic growth, a fixed exchange rate and persistent current account surpluses is not sustainable into the medium term, and it is in China＇s domestic interests to adjust its exchange rate. Whether or not this has an appreciable influence on other countries＇ balance of payments positions is of secondary importance.
