Research on the Impact of Digital Transformation on the Business Performance of Commercial Banks

Nowadays,with the development of the digital economy,commercial banks are actively conducting digital transformation.Studying the impact of the digital transformation of commercial banks on their operating performance can help commercial banks form a stronger core competitiveness and promote high-quality financial development.Based on the above background,this article first describes the status and development of digital transformation and development of commercial banks,and secondly analyzes whether Chinese commercial banks’digital transformation is conducive to improving their operating performance.Thirdly,by selecting the data of the listed commercial banks in the ten years of 2012–2022,this article obtains the empirical testing of the digital transformation on different property rights.Finally,the higher the level of digitalization,the higher the digital level,the more significantly promotes the performance of commercial banks.Finally,based on the above analysis,this article puts forward feasibility opinions on commercial banks and related regulators.

Research on the Impact of the Digital Transformation of Commercial Banks

The development of the digital economy has presented both opportunities and challenges for the transformation of commercial banks.This article aims to conduct a literature review on the impact of digital transformation on commercial banks and to explore the multi-dimensional effects it brings.Through a review and analysis of relevant domestic and international literature,this paper first defines the connotation of digital transformation in commercial banks.It then conducts a literature analysis and research on the strategic governance,business performance,and risk management aspects of the digital transformation of commercial banks from multiple perspectives.Based on the analysis of the existing literature,the paper explores directions for future in-depth research and offers corresponding policy suggestions,providing a theoretical and practical foundation for the future digital development of commercial banks.

Developing an Abstraction Framework for Managing and Controlling Saudi Banks’ Cybersecurity Threats Based on the NIST Cybersecurity Framework and ISO/IEC 27001

Saudi Arabian banks are deeply concerned about how to effectively monitor and control security threats. In recent years, the country has taken several steps towards restructuring its organizational security and, consequently, protecting financial institutions and their clients. However, there are still several challenges left to be addressed. Accordingly, this article aims to address this problem by proposing an abstract framework based on the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework and International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission (ISO/IEC 27001). The framework proposed in this paper considers the following factors involved in the security policy of Saudi banks: safety, Saudi information bank, operations and security of Saudi banks, Saudi banks’ supplier relationships, risk assessment, risk mitigation, monitoring and detection, incident response, Saudi banks’ business continuity, compliance, education, and awareness about all factors contributing to the framework implementation. This way, the proposed framework provides a comprehensive, unified approach to managing bank security threats. Not only does the proposed framework provide effective guidance on how to identify, assess, and mitigate security threats, but it also instructs how to develop policy and procedure documents relating to security issues.

Automated Clearing System on Deposit Money Banks’Performance:Experience from the Nigerian Banks

This study majorly examined the effect of automated cheque clearing system on banks.Specifically,this study examined the effect of automated cheque clearing system on total deposits of deposit money banks in Nigeria.Data were extracted from the CBN Statistical Bulletin(2020).Using the ordinary least square method of analysis via E-views 10,the findings of the study revealed that deposit money banks’total deposits increased significantly owing to the decline in the value of cheques cleared,since the adoption of the automated cheque clearing system in Nigeria.Guided by the findings of this study,the researcher recommended that the regulatory authorities and banks should continue to liaise with each other on how to improve the efficiency of automated services so as to improve customer satisfaction and patronage.

An 80-GHz DCO utilizing improved SC ladder and promoted DCTL-based hybrid tuning banks

An 80-GHz DCO based on modified hybrid tuning banks is introduced in this paper.To achieve sub-MHz frequency res-olution with reduced circuit complexity,the improved circuit topology replaces the conventional circuit topology with two binary-weighted SC cells,enabling eight SC-cell-based improved SC ladders to achieve the same fine-tuning steps as twelve SC-cell-based conventional SC ladders.To achieve lower phase noise and smaller chip size,the promoted binary-weighted digi-tally controlled transmission lines(DCTLs)are used to implement the coarse and medium tuning banks of the DCO.Compared to the conventional thermometer-coded DCTLs,control bits of the proposed DCTLs are reduced from 30 to 8,and the total length is reduced by 34.3%(from 122.76 to 80.66μm).Fabricated in 40-nm CMOS,the DCO demonstrated in this work fea-tures a small fine-tuning step(483 kHz),a high oscillation frequency(79-85 GHz),and a smaller chip size(0.017 mm^(2)).Com-pared to previous work,the modified DCO exhibits an excellent figure of merit with an area(FoMA)of-198 dBc/Hz.

The Impact of Foreign Bank Strategies on the Behavior and Performance of Czech and Slovak Banks in the Financial Crisis

In this paper, the authors analyze the impact of the specific ownership structure of the banking sector in Czech and Slovakia on the performance and applied strategies of particular banks during times of crisis. Did the multinational banks pursue a coherent regional strategy to cope with the risks resulting from the crisis, or did they focus on finding local solutions？ The aim of this paper is to find answers to these questions. A case study is going to be used as a basic research method. Two members （Slovak and Czech） of four multinational banking groups are examined in the crisis year 2009, whereby both a qualitative analysis of the annual reports regarding strategic business or risk management decisions and a comparative quantitative analysis of selected financial data and risk indicators are employed. The authors have found that Czech and Slovak banks generally tried to follow the main strategic directions given by their parent banks during the financial crisis. However, particular financial results and risk profiles of respective subsidiaries of multinational banks still differ because of market factors specific to the different countries in which the subsidiaries are located.

Heterogeneity in Soil Seed Banks in a Mediterranean Coastal Sand Dune

Characteristics of total soil seed banks and permanent soil seed banks in three microhabitats in a Mediterranean coastal sand dune were investigated by using natural germination method combined with physically scanning separation method. The composition and structure of soil seed banks were analyzed between the microhabitats by using functional group method. The distribution patterns of soil seed bank were also analyzed between the microhabitats. We also analyzed the relationship between seed size and seed persistence in soil. The results show greatly spatial heterogeneity existed in soil seed bank of the Mediterranean coastal sand dune, even in the same microhabitats seed distribution was uneven. Sometimes a great difference occurred between them. Microhabitats significantly affected the distribution patterns of total soil seed banks and seed banks of the functional groups. The open area generally had the greater densities of seeds, but the seed densities under shrub and in trail were lower than that in the open area. Legumes seeds accounted for 76.0% total persistent seed banks. Annual and perennial grasses produced transient seed banks as no seeds were retrieved from the sieved soils. Seed persistence of legumes, umbeliferaes, perennial forbs, compositaes, annual forbs, crucifer decreased gradually. They were 50.1%, 45.6%, 40.6%, 6.3%, 5.6% and 0.6% respectively in the soil. There was a positive relationship between seed size and seed persistence. Bigger seeds had higher persistence, and vice versa.

The Mechanism of Internet Finance on the Assets and Business of Commercial Banks in China

Internet finance has structural impact and market impact on commercial banking.Various forms of Internet finance such as third-party payment,crowdfunding,P2P lending,and internet money funds have emerged.Due to their low cost,high efficiency,and diversification characteristics,an increasing number of people are utilizing Internet finance for their businesses.This trend significantly affects traditional commercial banking operations and presents challenges.In order to gain competitive advantages through Internet finance,this paper explores how commercial banks can leverage their traditional business models.It introduces the concept,model,and characteristics of Internet finance;analyzes the importance of asset management for commercial banks;examines the influence of Internet on commercial bank’s asset management;finally proposes countermeasures for the development of Internet finance.It is advocated that commercial banks should actively explore the road of“structured finance”with all-round structural reform in the future.

基于回答集编程的Banks选举求解方法

采用启发式算法的Banks选举在进行求解时执行效率较低。为解决该问题,提出一种基于回答集编程(ASP)的求解方法。通过建立Banks选举问题到ASP问题的映射,编写相对应的ASP,调用回答集求解器进行求解,得到的每一个ASP模型就是Banks选举问题的一个解。实验结果表明,当问题规模为200时,该方法的求解时间为4.196 s,求解效率高于手工启发式方法。

Efficient channelized technology based on filter banks

With the appearance of novel radar signal with low intercept probability, the bandwidth of radar receiver is wider and wider. Wideband digital receiver becomes a research hotspot in the field of communication, radar and electronic reconnaissance, etc. As one of wideband digital receiver systems, digital channelized receiver has become a research emphasis due to the characteristics of full probability receiving and processing multiple signals. Digital channelized technology and signal sampling theory are deeply studied and an efficient channelized model is derived based on filter banks. The correctness of the model is verified by computer simulation The model has less computation compared with the traditional model, which is suitable for engineering application

The impact of FinTech start-ups on incumbent retail banks’share prices

Background:This study aims to clarify the role of FinTech digital banking start-ups in the financial industry.We examine the impact of the funding of such start-ups on the stock returns of 47 incumbent US retail banks for 2010 to 2016.Methods:To capture the importance of FinTech start-ups,we use data on both the dollar-volume of funding and number of deals.We relate these to the stock returns with panel data regression methods.Results:Our results indicate a positive relationship exists between the growth in FinTech funding or deals and the contemporaneous stock returns of incumbent retail banks.Conclusions:Although these results suggest complementarity between FinTech and traditional banking,we note that our results at the banking industry level are not statistically significant,and that the coefficient signs for about one-third of the banks are negative,but not statistically significant.Since the FinTech industry is young and our sample period short,we cannot rule out that our findings are spurious.

Difference Analysis of Urban Landscape Pattern Change at Both Banks of Pearl River Estuary in China

By using remote sensing image data of Landsat-5 TM (1988, 1995 and 1998) and Landsat-7 ETM (2002), remote sensing image data, land-use map and DEM had been put in the same coordinate system and projection. In ArcView, all data had been rasterized as grid data of 30 m×30 m. By Fragstats, landscape pattern indexes had been calculated. Based on the average area, patch density, landscape isolation, boundary density, shape index, fractal dimension, aggregation degree, diversity and evenness index, landscape pattern at different periods and its evolution had been analyzed, revealing the differentiation of spatio-temporal change of landscape pattern at both banks of Pearl River Estuary.

Systemic Risk of Conventional and Islamic Banks: Comparison with Graphical Network Models

The main aim of this paper is to compare the stability, in terms of systemic risk, of conventional and Islamic banking systems. To this aim, we propose correlation network models for stock market returns based on graphical Gaussian distributions, which allows us to capture the contagion effects that move along countries. We also consider Bayesian graphical models, to account for model uncertainty in the measurement of financial systems interconnectedness. Our proposed model is applied to the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region banking sector, characterized by the presence of both conventional and Islamic banks, for the period from 2007 to the beginning of 2014. Our empirical findings show that there are differences in the systemic risk and stability of the two banking systems during crisis times. In addition, the differences are subject to country specific effects that are amplified during crisis period.

Corporate Social Responsibility Practices in Bangladesh： A Statistical Analysis on State-Owned ＆ Private Commercial Banks

Corporate Social Responsibility （CSR） is integral and inseparable part of the long term business and sustainable growth and success, which plays an important role in promoting values both locally and internationally and usually is noticed as a developed-country sensation. As such, a great figure of literature on social arrangement of organizations has appeared in the perspective of developed states. CSR is an assurance of the organizations to action morally and add to financial progress of the people while improving the worth of the life of the employees and the local public in general. All over the world, CSR is essential for the organizations to confirm its sustainability. Though, CSR is a worldwide issue and all organizations practice it to some degree. In this paper, the authors made a determination to explain CSR and the related matter, and scrutinize the well-being performances of some State-Owned Commercial and Private Commercial Banks in Bangladesh. As the central bank of Bangladesh, ＂Bangladesh Bank＂ has advised the commercial banks to play an effective part in the well-being of people. Therefore, this paper is an attempt to discover the degree to which the mentioned banks in Bangladesh accomplish their CSR activities and to search the level of revelation for CSR in their annual reports. The research has been directed with secondary data collected from the annual reports of the mentioned banks of more than a few years. Against this backdrop, this paper debates the situation prevailing practices of CSR in mentioned banks. The paper presented here in the three fold continuingly reviews the literature concerning CSR in the context of the contemporary world; inspects the well-being practices and presents the data of CSR practices of the mentioned banks and lastly presents the limitations and recommendations for better CSR practices of the mentioned banks in Bangladesh.

Assessing Financial Performance of Malaysian Islamic and Conventional Commercial Banks Using Financial Ratios

A rapid growth of Islamic banking has led the Malaysian economy to gaining greater prosperity than before. Presently, there are more than 20 Islamic banks operating in Malaysia. Financial ratios calculated from the categories of liquidity, profitability, risk and solvency, and efficiency of banks can be used to gauge the overall financial performance of the banking industry. The objective is to assess the overall performance of Islamic banks as well as conventional banks in Malaysia using financial ratios. The findings indicated that conventional commercial banks in Malaysia do have better quality assets, are more liquid, and are more profitable than Islamic banks. Total expenses in conventional banks are much higher, which may affect profitability and the significant amount of non-performing loans （NPLs）, thus increasing solvency risk. The findings show positive insights of Islamic banks, whose confidence and trust are rising, over a short period with strong improvements in asset utilization, effective management, and expenditure control. This comparative study clearly identified that conventional banks are better financial performers compared to Islamic banks in Malaysia during the period of 2006-2010.

Loan Strategies to Small and Medium Size Enterprises:An Analysis of Determining Factors of“Subsidiary Banks”in the Cameroonian Context

This paper proposes to present an overview of determining factors of the granting of loan to Small and Medium Size Enterprises(SMSE)by the subsidiaries of multinational banks in Cameroon.The analysis of the data collected following interviews with banking employees conducted in accordance with the method of thematic content analysis reveals that two categories of factors play a major role in the decision of the banker:parameters relating to the characteristics of the SMSE applying for a loan and elements specific to the context of study.The combination of these factors contributes to the reinforcement of the already transactional attitude of these subsidiary banks in the area of experimentation of the study.

Characteristics of soil seed banks at different geomorphic positions within the longitudinal sand dunes of the Gurbantunggut Desert, China

Understanding the characteristics of soil seed banks in sand dunes is crucial to stabilize the dune systems and maintain the plant populations in deserts. In this study, we conducted a survey investigation in the field and a seed germination experiment in the laboratory to explore the characteristics of soil seed banks at various geomorphic positions of longitudinal sand dunes in the Gurbantunggut Desert, China. Totally, 17 plant species belonging to 17 genera and 9 families were identified in soil seed banks, and 35 plant species belonging to 34 genera and 17 families were identified in aboveground vegetation. Plant species richness in soil seed banks decreased with increasing soil depth. The highest species richness was presented in the upper slope of the windward slope and the lowest species richness was presented in the base of the windward slope. There was no significant difference in seed density of soil seed banks among the examined seven geomorphic positions. The highest seed density occurred in the lower slope of the leeward slope while the lowest occurred in the crest. Moreover, seed density decreased with increasing soil depth, being the highest in the upper soil layer （0-2 cm）. For both soil seed banks and aboveground vegetation, there was no significant difference in Simpson＇s diversity index among the seven geomorphic positions; however, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou＇s evenness index showed significant differences among the seven geomorphic positions. Those results showed that although there was no significant difference in seed density of soil seed banks among the seven geomorphic positions, the geomorphic positions significantly affected the species richness, diversity and distribution of soil seed banks. Therefore, understanding the characteristics of soil seed banks at different geomorphic positions of sand dunes is essential to vegetation restoration or reestablishment. Furthermore, the Jaccard＇s similarity coefficients of plant species between soil seed banks and aboveground vegetation at the seven geomorphic positions were low, suggesting that vegetation restoration or reestablishment processes should be promoted through adding seeds to surface layers.

Priori knowledge based a bathymetry assessment method using the sun glitter imagery:a case study of sand waves on the Taiwan Banks

High resolution optical satellite imageries containing the sun glitter,similar to synthetic aperture radar（SAR） imageries,are useful in identifying and mapping of bottom topography in shallow waters.The errors in the previous studies are corrected,and a method for mapping submarine bottom topography is developed using the sun glitter satellite imagery.The method is established on the basis of empirical description of a sand wave using an equation with two unknowns named r and k.In order to determine r and k,a ＂trial and error＂ approach is introduced and testified by a case study on the Taiwan Banks using an ASTER imagery.The results show that the inversed water depths match well with the sounding water depths.The agreement between the inversed results and the in situ measurements is about 78% by comparing 371 points.Moreover,this method has the advantage in keeping the original appearance of a sand wave,especially in positions around the sand wave crest.The fine agreement indicates that the imaging model is flexible and the approach developed is feasible.

Research progress in SAW filter banks

SAW （Surface Acoustic Wave） filter bank is a single input, single or multi-output device consisting of multi-SAW-filters with input interconnection network or switch circuits, and can be divided into two categories： channelizer （multi-output） and switchable （programmable, single output）. The tbrmer is mainly used in military channelized receiver for spectrum analysis; the latter has wide application in frequency synthesizer and frequency-hopping radar and communication system receiver as anti-jamming filter, and has been widely used in various military electronic equipments ever since the 1970s. Research abroad was done mainly by Americans, few documents on related work done by Japan and Russia are available. Domestic research started in the 1980s, mainly by No. 26 Research Institute, China Electronics Technology Group Co., Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 23 and No. 25 Research Institute, China Spaceflight Tech. Group Co. This paper first briefly introduces Chinese and foreign research on SAW filter banks; then discusses research progress in device design, the input interconnection network or switch circuit and miniaturization; and ends in a brief perspective of developing trends in future.

The Effect of the 2007/2008 Financial Crisis on Enterprise Risk Management Disclosure of Top US Banks

We document the effect of the 2007/2008 financial crisis on the volume and the quality of enterprise risk management （ERM） disclosure in the annual reports of the largest US banks, and analyze its determinants. Using a content analysis approach of the annual reports form 10-K for the years 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009, we find that the ERM disclosure is significantly and positively associated with the crisis, bank size, board independence, duality and significantly and negatively associated with profitability, leverage, and board size. This paper seeks to fill a gap in the literature by investigating the effect of the crisis on ERM disclosure in the US banking sector context, and gives an insight into the factors affecting risk disclosure practices during the financial crisis.