An 11 year old, hispanic girl with a history of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia was admitted to the hospital for symptoms compatible with Bartonella henselae infection. The first molecularly diagnosed case of diss...An 11 year old, hispanic girl with a history of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia was admitted to the hospital for symptoms compatible with Bartonella henselae infection. The first molecularly diagnosed case of disseminated Bartonella henselae infection was reported in an immunocompromised patient in Lima, Peru. The analysis was confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction and automated sequencing of a liver biopsy sample, even though the serologic tests were negative. In conclusion, Bartonella spp. infection should have a particular diagnostic consideration in immunocompromised patients with fever of unknown origin and further investigation regarding the patient's past exposures with cats should also be elicited.展开更多
Serum samples were tested for Bartonella henselae Ig G antibodies using indirect immunofluorescence assays.We then analyzed associated risk factors.Serum samples were considered positive when reactive at a dilution of...Serum samples were tested for Bartonella henselae Ig G antibodies using indirect immunofluorescence assays.We then analyzed associated risk factors.Serum samples were considered positive when reactive at a dilution of more than 1:320.展开更多
In this article,authors review the current knowledge of Bartonella infection in small mammals including rodents,insectivores,bats and exotic small mammal pets and their vectors in Asia.Species of Bartonella are Gram-n...In this article,authors review the current knowledge of Bartonella infection in small mammals including rodents,insectivores,bats and exotic small mammal pets and their vectors in Asia.Species of Bartonella are Gram-negative intracellular bacteria that infect erythrocytes of various mammalian and non-mammalian animals and mainly transmitted by blood sucking arthropod vectors.The genus Bartonella includes several species of important human diseases with severe clinical signs.Several new Bartonella species were isolated from rodents and other small mammals,and from human patients in Asia.Bartonella species are identified using standard polymerase chain reaction amplification and a sequencing targeting two housekeeping genes(glt.A and rpoB) and the internal transcribed spacer fragment.Authors also discuss the implications in term of potential emerging zoonotic diseases.展开更多
Cat scratch's disease caused by Bartonella henselae, is known to be a self-limited benign process in immunocompetent children. The association with neurologic manifestations is very uncommon especially in patient ...Cat scratch's disease caused by Bartonella henselae, is known to be a self-limited benign process in immunocompetent children. The association with neurologic manifestations is very uncommon especially in patient with no immunologic defects and in cases without specific treatment. A 7 years old male patient, without any immunocromised defect, presented an atypic presentation of the cat scratch disease. The patient came to the hospital in two opportunities in a status epilepticus, in both cases the diagnosis was encephalitis by Bartonella henselae and the evolution with treatment was monitored with PCR(polymerase chain reaction) in cerebrospinal fluid and blood, as well as IFI(IgM, IgG) serology(indirect immunofluorescence). The patient had a favorable clinical and laboratory evolution for 6 months showing no recurrence of the disease.展开更多
Objective:To assess the presence and identity of Bartonella species in a pool of human blood samples from DRC Congo.Methods:Blood(±120μL) was collected anonymously from Congolese patients and placed on calibrate...Objective:To assess the presence and identity of Bartonella species in a pool of human blood samples from DRC Congo.Methods:Blood(±120μL) was collected anonymously from Congolese patients and placed on calibrated filter papers.Bartonella serology determination was performed using an indirect immun of luorescence assay(IFA) against six specific Bartonella antigens and Coxiella burnetii(C.burnetii) antigen.The end cut- of f value for Bartonella sp.was a titre greater than 1200.Results:None of the patients was positive for Bartonella elizabethae, Bartonella vinsonii subsp.vinsonii or Bartonella vinsonii subsp.arupensis nor for C.burnetti, but 4.5%of the 1SS samples were positive for either Bartonella henselae,Bartonella quintana, or Bartonella clarridgeiae.Conclusions:This preliminary study presents the first report of Bartonella species in the DR Congo and the first report of antibodies to Bartonella clarridgeiae in an African human population.Although few experimental trials have established the link between fleas and Bartonella transmission,the repeated detection of similar Bartonella species in fleas and humans in several countries suggests that Bartonellosis could be another flea-borne disease which specific reservoirs are still unknown.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the occurrence of Bartonella sp. infection in asymptomatic horses and donkeys living in Tuscany, Central Italy.Methods: Blood samples were collected from 77 horses and 15 donkeys and tested b...Objective: To investigate the occurrence of Bartonella sp. infection in asymptomatic horses and donkeys living in Tuscany, Central Italy.Methods: Blood samples were collected from 77 horses and 15 donkeys and tested by indirect immunofluorescent test to detect antibodies against Bartonella sp. and by PCR to detect the pathogen.Results: Fifty-four(58.69%; 95% CI: 47.95%–68.87%) animals, 9 donkeys and 45 horses, were seropositive with antibody titers ranging from 1:64 to 1:512. PCR assays detected 9 horses positive for Bartonella sp. and 3 donkeys for Bartonella henselae genotype I.Conclusions: The detected sero-prevalence suggests a common and frequent exposure of equids living in Central Italy to bartonellae and PCR results show that Bartonella sp.infection is possible both in horses and donkeys. At the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of Bartonella henselae infection in donkeys.展开更多
Rodent-borne leptospirosis is by far the most common bacterial zoonosis and it is an important emerging global public health concern in Southeast Asia.Bacterial pathogens associated with rodents,especially those that ...Rodent-borne leptospirosis is by far the most common bacterial zoonosis and it is an important emerging global public health concern in Southeast Asia.Bacterial pathogens associated with rodents,especially those that live in close association with humans have been underreported.To fill this knowledge gap,the present study was undertaken to explore other neglected disease agents that can naturally infect synanthropic rodents.展开更多
Bartonella spp.are rod-shaped,Gram-negative,aerobic,fastidious,slow bacteria which cause diseases in humans and animals by parasitizing the endothelial and red blood cells of their hosts[1,2].Rodents are the most impo...Bartonella spp.are rod-shaped,Gram-negative,aerobic,fastidious,slow bacteria which cause diseases in humans and animals by parasitizing the endothelial and red blood cells of their hosts[1,2].Rodents are the most important natural reservoir hosts of Bartonella[3].In 57 countries,epidemiological studies of rat-borne Bartonella have been carried out.Information on the Bartonella infection rate in rodents has been obtained from most of these countries.The infection rate of rodents in Portugal,Egypt,Japan,Canada,and the United States is more than 90%,the infection rate in Thailand and Russia is about 80%,and the infection rate in China is about 67%.To date,22 species of rodent-borne Bartonella have been described.Of these,B.grahamii,B.vinsonii subsp.arupensis,B.vinsonii subsp.Berkhoffii,and B.elizabethae have been found to be associated with human illness.People become infected with rodent-borne Bartonella incidentally,especially when they are exposed to the habitats of wild rodents harboring various Bartonella species.Bartonella infection can affect multiple organs and poses a risk to public health[4].展开更多
Background Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) is widely used to explore the population structure of numerous bacterial pathogens. However, for genotypically-restricted pathogens, the sensitivity of MLST is limited b...Background Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) is widely used to explore the population structure of numerous bacterial pathogens. However, for genotypically-restricted pathogens, the sensitivity of MLST is limited by a paucity of variation within selected loci. For Bartonella henselae (B. henselae), although the MLST scheme currently used has been proven useful in defining the overall population structure of the species, its reliability for the accurate delineation of closely-related sequence types, between which allelic variation is usually limited to, at most, one or two nucleotide polymorphisms. Exploitation of high-throughput sequencing data allows a more informed selection of MLST loci and thus, potentially, a means of enhancing the sensitivity of the schemes they comprise. Methods We carried out SOLID resequencing on 12 representative B. henselae isolates and explored these data using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis. We determined the number and distribution of SNPs in the genes targeted by the established MLST scheme and modified the position of loci within these genes to capture as much genetic variation as possible. Results Using genome-wide SNP data, we found the distribution of SNPs within each open reading frame (ORF) of MLST loci, which were not represented by the established B. henselae MLST scheme. We then modified the position of loci in the MLST scheme to better reflect the polymorphism in the ORF as a whole. The use of amended loci in this scheme allowed previously indistinguishable ST1 strains to be differentiated. However, the diversity of B. henselae was still rare in China. Conclusions Our study demonstrates the use of SNP analysis to facilitate the selection of MLST loci to augment the currently-described scheme for B. henselae. And the diversity among B. henselae strains in China is markedly less than that observed in B. henselae populations elsewhere in the world.展开更多
Neuroretinitis is characterized by optic disc swelling with macular star,and affects 1%-2%of the patients with Bartonella henselae infection.This condition needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of unila...Neuroretinitis is characterized by optic disc swelling with macular star,and affects 1%-2%of the patients with Bartonella henselae infection.This condition needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of unilateral optic neuropathy in young adults.A 44-year-old woman presented with a progressive visual loss in right eye that was described as a central scotoma with altered color perception.Medical history was negative except for Hashimoto's thyroiditis.The examination evidenced a relative afferent pupillary defect in right eye and marked papillary oedema involving the macular region.Brain and orbits magnetic resonance imaging were normal,and fundoscopy showed star-shaped hard exudates.Autoimmune and infective screening revealed IgM and IgG antibodies against Bartonella henselae,suggesting for recent cat-scratch disease.She was treated with high-dose intravenous steroids and doxycycline.One month later she fully recovered,and she had no relapses.We diagnosed a Bartonella henselae neuroretinitis(finally the patient recalled she had stroked stray cats,not being scratched).In conclusion time course and absence of pain differentiate neuroretinitis from other optic neuropathies.Fundoscopic image of macular star is a clue for diagnosis,and visual recovery is usually excellent.展开更多
Bartonella henselae is a Gram-negative bacterium and is the causative agent of cat scratch disease.In humans,infections with B.henselae can result in acute or chronic systemic infections with diverse clinical symptoms...Bartonella henselae is a Gram-negative bacterium and is the causative agent of cat scratch disease.In humans,infections with B.henselae can result in acute or chronic systemic infections with diverse clinical symptoms.The current treatment for Bartonella infections with antibiotics such as doxycycline and rifampin is not always effective,presumably due in part to bacterial persistence.There are various anecdotal reports of herbal extracts used for treating patients with persistent Bartonella infections but their activity on B.henselae is unknown.In order to identify more effective therapies for persistent Bartonella infections,in this study,we tested the antimicrobial activity of botanical and herbal medicines and screened an herbal product collection against stationary phase B.henselae in vitro using a SYBR Green I/propidium iodide viability assay.We identified five herbal product extracts(at 1.67 mg/mL or 2.5mg/mL),including Cryptolepis sanguinolenta,Juglans nigra,Polygonum cuspidatum,Scutellaria baicalensis,and Scutellaria barbata,that had high activity against stationary phase B.henselae.Among them,C.sanguinolenta,J.nigra,and P.cuspidatum could eradicate all stationary phase B.henselae cells within 7days at 0.83 mg/mL or 1.25 mg/mL in drug exposure time-kill assays,whereas S.baicalensis and S.barbata showed relatively poor activity.These top hits were active against both stationary phase nongrowing B.henselae and log phase growing B.henselae in minimum inhibitory concentration testing.These findings may have implications for improved treatment of persistent Bartonella infections.展开更多
基金partially supported by the Programa Nacional de Innovación para la Competitividady Productividad(Innóvate Perú).under the contract 117-PNICP-PIAP-2015
文摘An 11 year old, hispanic girl with a history of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia was admitted to the hospital for symptoms compatible with Bartonella henselae infection. The first molecularly diagnosed case of disseminated Bartonella henselae infection was reported in an immunocompromised patient in Lima, Peru. The analysis was confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction and automated sequencing of a liver biopsy sample, even though the serologic tests were negative. In conclusion, Bartonella spp. infection should have a particular diagnostic consideration in immunocompromised patients with fever of unknown origin and further investigation regarding the patient's past exposures with cats should also be elicited.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Projects[No.2018ZX10712001 and2017ZX10303404]Major Infectious Diseases Such as AIDS and Viral Hepatitis Prevention and Control Technology Major Projects[No.2018ZX10712-001].
文摘Serum samples were tested for Bartonella henselae Ig G antibodies using indirect immunofluorescence assays.We then analyzed associated risk factors.Serum samples were considered positive when reactive at a dilution of more than 1:320.
基金Supported by the French ANR CERoPath project(number ANR 07 BDIV 012)the French ANR BiodivHealthSEA project(number ANR 11 CPEL.002)
文摘In this article,authors review the current knowledge of Bartonella infection in small mammals including rodents,insectivores,bats and exotic small mammal pets and their vectors in Asia.Species of Bartonella are Gram-negative intracellular bacteria that infect erythrocytes of various mammalian and non-mammalian animals and mainly transmitted by blood sucking arthropod vectors.The genus Bartonella includes several species of important human diseases with severe clinical signs.Several new Bartonella species were isolated from rodents and other small mammals,and from human patients in Asia.Bartonella species are identified using standard polymerase chain reaction amplification and a sequencing targeting two housekeeping genes(glt.A and rpoB) and the internal transcribed spacer fragment.Authors also discuss the implications in term of potential emerging zoonotic diseases.
基金supported by the Programa Nacional de Innovación para la Competitividad y Productividad(Innóvate Perú)under the contract 116-PNICP-PIAP-2015
文摘Cat scratch's disease caused by Bartonella henselae, is known to be a self-limited benign process in immunocompetent children. The association with neurologic manifestations is very uncommon especially in patient with no immunologic defects and in cases without specific treatment. A 7 years old male patient, without any immunocromised defect, presented an atypic presentation of the cat scratch disease. The patient came to the hospital in two opportunities in a status epilepticus, in both cases the diagnosis was encephalitis by Bartonella henselae and the evolution with treatment was monitored with PCR(polymerase chain reaction) in cerebrospinal fluid and blood, as well as IFI(IgM, IgG) serology(indirect immunofluorescence). The patient had a favorable clinical and laboratory evolution for 6 months showing no recurrence of the disease.
基金supported by a Belgian Funds for Scientific Research(FNRS) grant.the Belgian Funds for research in Agriculture and Industry(FRIA) and Dr. Eric Bertherat(WHO),for financial assistance and logistical support in the field
文摘Objective:To assess the presence and identity of Bartonella species in a pool of human blood samples from DRC Congo.Methods:Blood(±120μL) was collected anonymously from Congolese patients and placed on calibrated filter papers.Bartonella serology determination was performed using an indirect immun of luorescence assay(IFA) against six specific Bartonella antigens and Coxiella burnetii(C.burnetii) antigen.The end cut- of f value for Bartonella sp.was a titre greater than 1200.Results:None of the patients was positive for Bartonella elizabethae, Bartonella vinsonii subsp.vinsonii or Bartonella vinsonii subsp.arupensis nor for C.burnetti, but 4.5%of the 1SS samples were positive for either Bartonella henselae,Bartonella quintana, or Bartonella clarridgeiae.Conclusions:This preliminary study presents the first report of Bartonella species in the DR Congo and the first report of antibodies to Bartonella clarridgeiae in an African human population.Although few experimental trials have established the link between fleas and Bartonella transmission,the repeated detection of similar Bartonella species in fleas and humans in several countries suggests that Bartonellosis could be another flea-borne disease which specific reservoirs are still unknown.
文摘Objective: To investigate the occurrence of Bartonella sp. infection in asymptomatic horses and donkeys living in Tuscany, Central Italy.Methods: Blood samples were collected from 77 horses and 15 donkeys and tested by indirect immunofluorescent test to detect antibodies against Bartonella sp. and by PCR to detect the pathogen.Results: Fifty-four(58.69%; 95% CI: 47.95%–68.87%) animals, 9 donkeys and 45 horses, were seropositive with antibody titers ranging from 1:64 to 1:512. PCR assays detected 9 horses positive for Bartonella sp. and 3 donkeys for Bartonella henselae genotype I.Conclusions: The detected sero-prevalence suggests a common and frequent exposure of equids living in Central Italy to bartonellae and PCR results show that Bartonella sp.infection is possible both in horses and donkeys. At the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of Bartonella henselae infection in donkeys.
基金financially supported by the University of Malaya research grant(RP021C-16SUS)Higher Institution Centre of Excellence(HICoE)program(MO002-2019).
文摘Rodent-borne leptospirosis is by far the most common bacterial zoonosis and it is an important emerging global public health concern in Southeast Asia.Bacterial pathogens associated with rodents,especially those that live in close association with humans have been underreported.To fill this knowledge gap,the present study was undertaken to explore other neglected disease agents that can naturally infect synanthropic rodents.
基金supported by the grant of the Science and Technology Research and Development of Shaanxi Province[No.2015SF188].
文摘Bartonella spp.are rod-shaped,Gram-negative,aerobic,fastidious,slow bacteria which cause diseases in humans and animals by parasitizing the endothelial and red blood cells of their hosts[1,2].Rodents are the most important natural reservoir hosts of Bartonella[3].In 57 countries,epidemiological studies of rat-borne Bartonella have been carried out.Information on the Bartonella infection rate in rodents has been obtained from most of these countries.The infection rate of rodents in Portugal,Egypt,Japan,Canada,and the United States is more than 90%,the infection rate in Thailand and Russia is about 80%,and the infection rate in China is about 67%.To date,22 species of rodent-borne Bartonella have been described.Of these,B.grahamii,B.vinsonii subsp.arupensis,B.vinsonii subsp.Berkhoffii,and B.elizabethae have been found to be associated with human illness.People become infected with rodent-borne Bartonella incidentally,especially when they are exposed to the habitats of wild rodents harboring various Bartonella species.Bartonella infection can affect multiple organs and poses a risk to public health[4].
文摘Background Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) is widely used to explore the population structure of numerous bacterial pathogens. However, for genotypically-restricted pathogens, the sensitivity of MLST is limited by a paucity of variation within selected loci. For Bartonella henselae (B. henselae), although the MLST scheme currently used has been proven useful in defining the overall population structure of the species, its reliability for the accurate delineation of closely-related sequence types, between which allelic variation is usually limited to, at most, one or two nucleotide polymorphisms. Exploitation of high-throughput sequencing data allows a more informed selection of MLST loci and thus, potentially, a means of enhancing the sensitivity of the schemes they comprise. Methods We carried out SOLID resequencing on 12 representative B. henselae isolates and explored these data using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis. We determined the number and distribution of SNPs in the genes targeted by the established MLST scheme and modified the position of loci within these genes to capture as much genetic variation as possible. Results Using genome-wide SNP data, we found the distribution of SNPs within each open reading frame (ORF) of MLST loci, which were not represented by the established B. henselae MLST scheme. We then modified the position of loci in the MLST scheme to better reflect the polymorphism in the ORF as a whole. The use of amended loci in this scheme allowed previously indistinguishable ST1 strains to be differentiated. However, the diversity of B. henselae was still rare in China. Conclusions Our study demonstrates the use of SNP analysis to facilitate the selection of MLST loci to augment the currently-described scheme for B. henselae. And the diversity among B. henselae strains in China is markedly less than that observed in B. henselae populations elsewhere in the world.
文摘Neuroretinitis is characterized by optic disc swelling with macular star,and affects 1%-2%of the patients with Bartonella henselae infection.This condition needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of unilateral optic neuropathy in young adults.A 44-year-old woman presented with a progressive visual loss in right eye that was described as a central scotoma with altered color perception.Medical history was negative except for Hashimoto's thyroiditis.The examination evidenced a relative afferent pupillary defect in right eye and marked papillary oedema involving the macular region.Brain and orbits magnetic resonance imaging were normal,and fundoscopy showed star-shaped hard exudates.Autoimmune and infective screening revealed IgM and IgG antibodies against Bartonella henselae,suggesting for recent cat-scratch disease.She was treated with high-dose intravenous steroids and doxycycline.One month later she fully recovered,and she had no relapses.We diagnosed a Bartonella henselae neuroretinitis(finally the patient recalled she had stroked stray cats,not being scratched).In conclusion time course and absence of pain differentiate neuroretinitis from other optic neuropathies.Fundoscopic image of macular star is a clue for diagnosis,and visual recovery is usually excellent.
基金supported by Bay Area Lyme Foundation,the Steven&Alexandra Cohen Foundation,LivLyme Foundation,and the Einstein-Sim Family Charitable Fund.The funders had no role in study design,data collection and interpretation,writing of the manuscript,or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
文摘Bartonella henselae is a Gram-negative bacterium and is the causative agent of cat scratch disease.In humans,infections with B.henselae can result in acute or chronic systemic infections with diverse clinical symptoms.The current treatment for Bartonella infections with antibiotics such as doxycycline and rifampin is not always effective,presumably due in part to bacterial persistence.There are various anecdotal reports of herbal extracts used for treating patients with persistent Bartonella infections but their activity on B.henselae is unknown.In order to identify more effective therapies for persistent Bartonella infections,in this study,we tested the antimicrobial activity of botanical and herbal medicines and screened an herbal product collection against stationary phase B.henselae in vitro using a SYBR Green I/propidium iodide viability assay.We identified five herbal product extracts(at 1.67 mg/mL or 2.5mg/mL),including Cryptolepis sanguinolenta,Juglans nigra,Polygonum cuspidatum,Scutellaria baicalensis,and Scutellaria barbata,that had high activity against stationary phase B.henselae.Among them,C.sanguinolenta,J.nigra,and P.cuspidatum could eradicate all stationary phase B.henselae cells within 7days at 0.83 mg/mL or 1.25 mg/mL in drug exposure time-kill assays,whereas S.baicalensis and S.barbata showed relatively poor activity.These top hits were active against both stationary phase nongrowing B.henselae and log phase growing B.henselae in minimum inhibitory concentration testing.These findings may have implications for improved treatment of persistent Bartonella infections.