Two major apoptosis pathways have been defined in mammalian cells, the Fas/TNF-R1 death receptor pathway and the mitochondria pathway. The Bcl-2 family proteins consist of both anti-apoptosis and pro- apoptosis member...Two major apoptosis pathways have been defined in mammalian cells, the Fas/TNF-R1 death receptor pathway and the mitochondria pathway. The Bcl-2 family proteins consist of both anti-apoptosis and pro- apoptosis members that regulate apoptosis, mainly by controlling the release of cytochrome c and other mitochondrial apoptotic events. However, death signals mediated by Fas/TNF-R1 receptors can usually activate caspases directly, bypassing the need for mitochondria and escaping the regulation by Bcl-2 family proteins. Bid is a novel pro-apoptosis Bcl-2 family protein that is activated by caspase 8 in response to Fas/TNF-R1 death receptor signals. Activated Bid is translocated to mitochondria and induces cytochrome c release, which in turn activates downstream caspases. Such a connection between the two apoptosis pathways could be important for induction of apoptosis in certain types of cells and responsible for the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases.展开更多
Summary: Whether conventional hypothermic CPB induces myocyte apoptosis in dog hearts and modulation of bcl-2, bcl-xl, bax, bad, and caspase-3 pathways in this setting was investigated. Ten healthy adult dogs were ra...Summary: Whether conventional hypothermic CPB induces myocyte apoptosis in dog hearts and modulation of bcl-2, bcl-xl, bax, bad, and caspase-3 pathways in this setting was investigated. Ten healthy adult dogs were randomized into sham-operated and CPB groups. Samples of left ventricle were obtained before, during and 3 h after CPB. In situ TUNEL was used to detect apoptotic myocytes. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were employed for detection of expressions of bcl-2, bcl-xl, bax and bad proteins. Z-DEVD-AMC substrate cleavage and TBARS methods were used to measure the activity of caspase-3 and the content of lipid peroxide in LV myocardium, respectively. After CPB, the number of apoptotic myocytes in CPB group was significantly increased. The results of immunohistichemistry demonstrated that bcl-2, bcl-xl, bax and bad proteins were constitutionally present on the sarcolemma of the LV myocytes. FACS results showed that, after CPB, expressions of bax and bad in CPB group were significantly upregulated, while the expressions of bcl-2 and bcl-xl were not significantly changed in both groups. The activity of caspase-3 and the content of lipid peroxide in LV myocardium in CPB group were also significantly increased after CPB. The present study shows that there exists myocardiocyte apoptosis in dog hearts undergoing conventional hypothermic CPB and the myocyte apoptosis is initiated by ischemia and performed during reperfusion. Moreover, the CPB-induced myocyte apoptosis was associated with upregulation of expressions of bax and bad proteins, activation of caspase-3 and increase of oxidative stress.展开更多
Dioscin is a natural steroid saponin derived from several plants, showing potent anti-cancer effect against a variety of tumor cell lines. In the present study, we investigated the anti-cancer activity of dioscin agai...Dioscin is a natural steroid saponin derived from several plants, showing potent anti-cancer effect against a variety of tumor cell lines. In the present study, we investigated the anti-cancer activity of dioscin against human LNCaP cells, and evaluated the possible mechanism involved in its antineoplastic action. It was found that dioscin（1, 2 and 4 μmol/L） could significantly inhibit the viability of LNCaP cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Flow cytometry revealed that the apoptosis rate was increased after treatment of LNCaP cells with dioscin for 24 h, indicating that apoptosis was an important mechanism by which dioscin inhibited cancer. Western blotting was employed to detect the expression of caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax in LNCaP cells. The expression of cleaved caspase-3 was significantly increased, and meanwhile procaspase-3 was markedly decreased. The expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was down-regulated, whereas the pro-apoptotic protein Bax was up-regulated. Moreover, the Bcl-2/Bax ratio was drastically decreased. These results suggested that dioscin possessed potential anti-tumor activity in human LNCaP cells through the apoptosis pathway, which might be associated with caspase-3 and Bcl-2 protein family.展开更多
In order to study the effects of ethyl pyruvate on cardiomyocyte apoptosis following ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） in vitro and the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins, isolated rat hearts were perfused in a Langendor...In order to study the effects of ethyl pyruvate on cardiomyocyte apoptosis following ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） in vitro and the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins, isolated rat hearts were perfused in a Langendorff model. Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into 3 groups （n=8 in each group）： control group was perfused for 120 min. In the I/R group, after 30 min stabilization the injury was induced by 30 min global ischemia followed by 60 min reperfusion. Ethyl pyruvate （EP） group was set up with the same protocol as I/R group except that it was supplied with 2 mmol/L EP 15 rain before ischemia and throughout reperfusion. Myocardial malonaldehyde （MDA） content was measured. Myocardial apoptotic index （AI） was tested by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） method. The expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and pro-apoptotic protein Bax in cardiac myocytes was detected by immunohistochemistry. As compared with control group, the content of MDA, myocardial AI and the expression of Bcl-2, Bax proteins were increased significantly in I/R group, but the content of MDA, myocardial AI and the expression of Bax protein were decreased obviously and the expression of Bcl-2 protein was up-regulated in EP group （P〈0.05）. These results demonstrate that EP could inhibit apoptosis of cardiac myocytes possibly via alleviating oxidative stress, up-regulating Bcl-2 and down-regulating Bax proteins.展开更多
To evaluate the apoptosis positivity, the expression of Bcl-2, bax proteinsin 30 patients with squamous cell cervix carcinoma before and after radiotherapy. Methods: By usingimmuno-histochemical and TDT-dUTP nick end ...To evaluate the apoptosis positivity, the expression of Bcl-2, bax proteinsin 30 patients with squamous cell cervix carcinoma before and after radiotherapy. Methods: By usingimmuno-histochemical and TDT-dUTP nick end labelling techniques, 30 cases of squamous cell cervicalcarcinoma were analyzed. Results: The apoptosis positivity before and after irradiation was 76.7%and 100% respectively, with the difference being significant (P 【 0.05); The positive rates of Bcl-2protein before and after irradiation were 73.3% and 46.7% respectively, with the difference beingsignificant (P 【 0.05); The positive rates of bax protein before and after irradiation were 86% and100% respectively, with the difference being significant (P 【 0.05). Conclusion: bax and Bcl-2protein play an important role in apoptosis induced by fractionated radiation therapy. Apoptosisinduced by irradiation is contributed to upregulation of bax protein or downregulation of Bcl-2protein.展开更多
BACKGROUND Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis(PFIC)encompasses a group of autosomal recessive disorders with high morbidity and mortality.Variants in the gene encoding tight junction protein-2(TJP2)have bee...BACKGROUND Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis(PFIC)encompasses a group of autosomal recessive disorders with high morbidity and mortality.Variants in the gene encoding tight junction protein-2(TJP2)have been linked to PFIC type 4(PFIC4),which predominantly presents in childhood.However,there are only limited data from adults with TJP2-related PFIC4.We report a family with an autosomal recessive disorder with a novel variant in the TJP2 gene in adults with very variable expression of PFIC4.CASE SUMMARY The index patient presented at 19 years old with liver cirrhosis and variceal bleeding and was treated with endoscopic banding and beta-blockers.In 2018,he developed primary liver cancer that was treated with radiofrequency ablation followed by liver transplantation in 2019.Genetic testing revealed a novel homozygous TJP2 variant causing PFIC4(TJP2([NM_004817.3]:c.[3334C>T];[3334C>T])).The consanguineous family consists of the father and mother(both heterozygous)and their 12 children,of which five carry the variant in a homozygous state;however,these five siblings have highly variable expression of PFIC4.Two homozygous brothers had cirrhosis and portal hypertension at diagnosis at the ages of 19 and 36.Two other homozygous brothers,age 23 and 19,and the homozygous sister,age 21,have elevated liver enzymes but presently no cirrhosis,which may suggest an age-dependent penetrance.In addition,five sisters had severe and mild intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and carry the TJP2 variant in a homozygous and heterozygous state,respectively.CONCLUSION This novel TJP2 variant is associated with PFIC4 causing severe liver disease with cirrhosis and primary liver cancer in adolescents/adults.展开更多
Tanshinone lla is an effective monomer component of Danshen, which is a traditional Chinese medicine for activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis. Tanshinone Ila can effectively improve brain tissue isch...Tanshinone lla is an effective monomer component of Danshen, which is a traditional Chinese medicine for activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis. Tanshinone Ila can effectively improve brain tissue ischemia/hypoxia injury. The present study established a rat model of spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury and intraperitoneally injected Tanshinone lla, 0.5 hour prior to model establishment. Results showed that Tanshinone Ila promoted heat shock protein 70 and Bcl-2 protein expression, but inhibited Bax protein expression in the injured spinal cord after ischemia/reperfusion injury. Furthermore, Nissl staining indicated a reduction in nerve cell apoptosis and fewer pathological lesions in the presence of Tanshinone Ila, compared with positive control Danshen injection.展开更多
BAOKGROUND： Bcl-2 and Fas proteins are well known as anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic factors respectively. However, whether the anti-epileptic mechanism of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ...BAOKGROUND： Bcl-2 and Fas proteins are well known as anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic factors respectively. However, whether the anti-epileptic mechanism of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） involves an anti-apoptotic effect via regulating Bcl-2 and Fas protein expression remains to be determined. OBJECTIVE： To verify the correlation between the anti-epileptic mechanism following pretreatment of low-frequency rTMS and anti-hippocampal apoptosis. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized controlled animal experiment was performed at Institute of Neurological Disorders, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College between September 2007 and March 2008. MATERIALS： Pilocarpine （053K13011） was provided by Sigma, USA; lithium was provided by Shanghai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., China; Dantec Maglite-r25 rTMS instrument was provided by Dundee, Denmark. METHODS： A total of 21 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control （n = 6）, rTMS pretreatment （n = 9）, and sham-stimulation （n = 6） groups. The rTMS pretreatment group was pretreated with low-frequency rTMS （0.5 Hz, 75% threshold intensity, 20 times/bundle, and 5 bundles/day）, while the sham-stimulation group was sham-stimulated with a similar sound for 7 successive days to establish lithium-pilocarpine-induced epileptic state models. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Epileptic stroke latency; neuronal morphology was observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining; mean positive-reactive cell number and mean absorbance of Bcl-2 and Fas protein in the hippocampal CA1 region was observed using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： Epileptic latency in the rTMS pretreatment group was significantly enhanced （P 〈 0.01）, and a number of degenerated neurons were observed to be apoptotic. Bcl-2 protein expression increased at each time point, but Fas protein expression decreased （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Low-frequency rTMS has an anti-epileptic effect, which may be via regulation of Bcl-2 and Fas protein expression in the hippocampal region.展开更多
Objective To study whether there is the apoptosis of neural cells and the expression of Bcl-2 protein in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in model of rats, for the further understanding the mechanism of the delayed dama...Objective To study whether there is the apoptosis of neural cells and the expression of Bcl-2 protein in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in model of rats, for the further understanding the mechanism of the delayed damage of the neural cells around the hematoma after ICH. Methods Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, ten in each. With the Group A as the control, the rest 40 were used to set up intracerebral hemorrhage model. The brains were taken out at 12 th , 24 th , 48 th and 72 th hours, respectively. Apoptosis cells were detected with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), and the expression of Bcl-2 protein was detected with immunochemical stainging methed (SP). Results In the control group, no apoptosis cells and Bc1-2 protein were detected. In rest groups, the apoptosis cells and Bc1-2 protein were expressed in different degree. Apoptosis rates verified and corresponded with the time after ICH, with the peak at 48 th -72 th hour after hemorrhage. The peak rate of apoptosis cells was (24.50±2.69)% and Bcl-2 protein expression was (20.76±1.97)% . There was significant difference between the experimental groups and control (P<0.05), and no linear relationship between the apoptosis rate and the expression of Bcl-2 protein. Conclusion Apoptosis may be an important factor in the secondary trauma of ICH. There is a time leg after hemorrhage. All this is instructive to clinical treatment in time. Bcl-2 protein keeps increasing in a certain time after hemorrhage, but not synchronize with the cell apoptosis. This indicates that bcl-2 has the effect to reduce the apoptosis of neural cells.展开更多
文摘Two major apoptosis pathways have been defined in mammalian cells, the Fas/TNF-R1 death receptor pathway and the mitochondria pathway. The Bcl-2 family proteins consist of both anti-apoptosis and pro- apoptosis members that regulate apoptosis, mainly by controlling the release of cytochrome c and other mitochondrial apoptotic events. However, death signals mediated by Fas/TNF-R1 receptors can usually activate caspases directly, bypassing the need for mitochondria and escaping the regulation by Bcl-2 family proteins. Bid is a novel pro-apoptosis Bcl-2 family protein that is activated by caspase 8 in response to Fas/TNF-R1 death receptor signals. Activated Bid is translocated to mitochondria and induces cytochrome c release, which in turn activates downstream caspases. Such a connection between the two apoptosis pathways could be important for induction of apoptosis in certain types of cells and responsible for the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases.
文摘Summary: Whether conventional hypothermic CPB induces myocyte apoptosis in dog hearts and modulation of bcl-2, bcl-xl, bax, bad, and caspase-3 pathways in this setting was investigated. Ten healthy adult dogs were randomized into sham-operated and CPB groups. Samples of left ventricle were obtained before, during and 3 h after CPB. In situ TUNEL was used to detect apoptotic myocytes. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were employed for detection of expressions of bcl-2, bcl-xl, bax and bad proteins. Z-DEVD-AMC substrate cleavage and TBARS methods were used to measure the activity of caspase-3 and the content of lipid peroxide in LV myocardium, respectively. After CPB, the number of apoptotic myocytes in CPB group was significantly increased. The results of immunohistichemistry demonstrated that bcl-2, bcl-xl, bax and bad proteins were constitutionally present on the sarcolemma of the LV myocytes. FACS results showed that, after CPB, expressions of bax and bad in CPB group were significantly upregulated, while the expressions of bcl-2 and bcl-xl were not significantly changed in both groups. The activity of caspase-3 and the content of lipid peroxide in LV myocardium in CPB group were also significantly increased after CPB. The present study shows that there exists myocardiocyte apoptosis in dog hearts undergoing conventional hypothermic CPB and the myocyte apoptosis is initiated by ischemia and performed during reperfusion. Moreover, the CPB-induced myocyte apoptosis was associated with upregulation of expressions of bax and bad proteins, activation of caspase-3 and increase of oxidative stress.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81173065)
文摘Dioscin is a natural steroid saponin derived from several plants, showing potent anti-cancer effect against a variety of tumor cell lines. In the present study, we investigated the anti-cancer activity of dioscin against human LNCaP cells, and evaluated the possible mechanism involved in its antineoplastic action. It was found that dioscin（1, 2 and 4 μmol/L） could significantly inhibit the viability of LNCaP cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Flow cytometry revealed that the apoptosis rate was increased after treatment of LNCaP cells with dioscin for 24 h, indicating that apoptosis was an important mechanism by which dioscin inhibited cancer. Western blotting was employed to detect the expression of caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax in LNCaP cells. The expression of cleaved caspase-3 was significantly increased, and meanwhile procaspase-3 was markedly decreased. The expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was down-regulated, whereas the pro-apoptotic protein Bax was up-regulated. Moreover, the Bcl-2/Bax ratio was drastically decreased. These results suggested that dioscin possessed potential anti-tumor activity in human LNCaP cells through the apoptosis pathway, which might be associated with caspase-3 and Bcl-2 protein family.
文摘In order to study the effects of ethyl pyruvate on cardiomyocyte apoptosis following ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） in vitro and the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins, isolated rat hearts were perfused in a Langendorff model. Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into 3 groups （n=8 in each group）： control group was perfused for 120 min. In the I/R group, after 30 min stabilization the injury was induced by 30 min global ischemia followed by 60 min reperfusion. Ethyl pyruvate （EP） group was set up with the same protocol as I/R group except that it was supplied with 2 mmol/L EP 15 rain before ischemia and throughout reperfusion. Myocardial malonaldehyde （MDA） content was measured. Myocardial apoptotic index （AI） was tested by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） method. The expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and pro-apoptotic protein Bax in cardiac myocytes was detected by immunohistochemistry. As compared with control group, the content of MDA, myocardial AI and the expression of Bcl-2, Bax proteins were increased significantly in I/R group, but the content of MDA, myocardial AI and the expression of Bax protein were decreased obviously and the expression of Bcl-2 protein was up-regulated in EP group （P〈0.05）. These results demonstrate that EP could inhibit apoptosis of cardiac myocytes possibly via alleviating oxidative stress, up-regulating Bcl-2 and down-regulating Bax proteins.
文摘To evaluate the apoptosis positivity, the expression of Bcl-2, bax proteinsin 30 patients with squamous cell cervix carcinoma before and after radiotherapy. Methods: By usingimmuno-histochemical and TDT-dUTP nick end labelling techniques, 30 cases of squamous cell cervicalcarcinoma were analyzed. Results: The apoptosis positivity before and after irradiation was 76.7%and 100% respectively, with the difference being significant (P 【 0.05); The positive rates of Bcl-2protein before and after irradiation were 73.3% and 46.7% respectively, with the difference beingsignificant (P 【 0.05); The positive rates of bax protein before and after irradiation were 86% and100% respectively, with the difference being significant (P 【 0.05). Conclusion: bax and Bcl-2protein play an important role in apoptosis induced by fractionated radiation therapy. Apoptosisinduced by irradiation is contributed to upregulation of bax protein or downregulation of Bcl-2protein.
基金Supported by Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen of China,No.SZSM201612074
文摘BACKGROUND Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis(PFIC)encompasses a group of autosomal recessive disorders with high morbidity and mortality.Variants in the gene encoding tight junction protein-2(TJP2)have been linked to PFIC type 4(PFIC4),which predominantly presents in childhood.However,there are only limited data from adults with TJP2-related PFIC4.We report a family with an autosomal recessive disorder with a novel variant in the TJP2 gene in adults with very variable expression of PFIC4.CASE SUMMARY The index patient presented at 19 years old with liver cirrhosis and variceal bleeding and was treated with endoscopic banding and beta-blockers.In 2018,he developed primary liver cancer that was treated with radiofrequency ablation followed by liver transplantation in 2019.Genetic testing revealed a novel homozygous TJP2 variant causing PFIC4(TJP2([NM_004817.3]:c.[3334C>T];[3334C>T])).The consanguineous family consists of the father and mother(both heterozygous)and their 12 children,of which five carry the variant in a homozygous state;however,these five siblings have highly variable expression of PFIC4.Two homozygous brothers had cirrhosis and portal hypertension at diagnosis at the ages of 19 and 36.Two other homozygous brothers,age 23 and 19,and the homozygous sister,age 21,have elevated liver enzymes but presently no cirrhosis,which may suggest an age-dependent penetrance.In addition,five sisters had severe and mild intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and carry the TJP2 variant in a homozygous and heterozygous state,respectively.CONCLUSION This novel TJP2 variant is associated with PFIC4 causing severe liver disease with cirrhosis and primary liver cancer in adolescents/adults.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30973765New Century Excellent Talents Program,No. NECT-09-0013the Foundationfor Doctors,Ministry of Education,No.20113519110001
文摘Tanshinone lla is an effective monomer component of Danshen, which is a traditional Chinese medicine for activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis. Tanshinone Ila can effectively improve brain tissue ischemia/hypoxia injury. The present study established a rat model of spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury and intraperitoneally injected Tanshinone lla, 0.5 hour prior to model establishment. Results showed that Tanshinone Ila promoted heat shock protein 70 and Bcl-2 protein expression, but inhibited Bax protein expression in the injured spinal cord after ischemia/reperfusion injury. Furthermore, Nissl staining indicated a reduction in nerve cell apoptosis and fewer pathological lesions in the presence of Tanshinone Ila, compared with positive control Danshen injection.
基金Youth Foundation Project of Sichuan Province, No. 04ZQ026-010
文摘BAOKGROUND： Bcl-2 and Fas proteins are well known as anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic factors respectively. However, whether the anti-epileptic mechanism of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） involves an anti-apoptotic effect via regulating Bcl-2 and Fas protein expression remains to be determined. OBJECTIVE： To verify the correlation between the anti-epileptic mechanism following pretreatment of low-frequency rTMS and anti-hippocampal apoptosis. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized controlled animal experiment was performed at Institute of Neurological Disorders, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College between September 2007 and March 2008. MATERIALS： Pilocarpine （053K13011） was provided by Sigma, USA; lithium was provided by Shanghai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., China; Dantec Maglite-r25 rTMS instrument was provided by Dundee, Denmark. METHODS： A total of 21 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control （n = 6）, rTMS pretreatment （n = 9）, and sham-stimulation （n = 6） groups. The rTMS pretreatment group was pretreated with low-frequency rTMS （0.5 Hz, 75% threshold intensity, 20 times/bundle, and 5 bundles/day）, while the sham-stimulation group was sham-stimulated with a similar sound for 7 successive days to establish lithium-pilocarpine-induced epileptic state models. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Epileptic stroke latency; neuronal morphology was observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining; mean positive-reactive cell number and mean absorbance of Bcl-2 and Fas protein in the hippocampal CA1 region was observed using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： Epileptic latency in the rTMS pretreatment group was significantly enhanced （P 〈 0.01）, and a number of degenerated neurons were observed to be apoptotic. Bcl-2 protein expression increased at each time point, but Fas protein expression decreased （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Low-frequency rTMS has an anti-epileptic effect, which may be via regulation of Bcl-2 and Fas protein expression in the hippocampal region.
文摘Objective To study whether there is the apoptosis of neural cells and the expression of Bcl-2 protein in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in model of rats, for the further understanding the mechanism of the delayed damage of the neural cells around the hematoma after ICH. Methods Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, ten in each. With the Group A as the control, the rest 40 were used to set up intracerebral hemorrhage model. The brains were taken out at 12 th , 24 th , 48 th and 72 th hours, respectively. Apoptosis cells were detected with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), and the expression of Bcl-2 protein was detected with immunochemical stainging methed (SP). Results In the control group, no apoptosis cells and Bc1-2 protein were detected. In rest groups, the apoptosis cells and Bc1-2 protein were expressed in different degree. Apoptosis rates verified and corresponded with the time after ICH, with the peak at 48 th -72 th hour after hemorrhage. The peak rate of apoptosis cells was (24.50±2.69)% and Bcl-2 protein expression was (20.76±1.97)% . There was significant difference between the experimental groups and control (P<0.05), and no linear relationship between the apoptosis rate and the expression of Bcl-2 protein. Conclusion Apoptosis may be an important factor in the secondary trauma of ICH. There is a time leg after hemorrhage. All this is instructive to clinical treatment in time. Bcl-2 protein keeps increasing in a certain time after hemorrhage, but not synchronize with the cell apoptosis. This indicates that bcl-2 has the effect to reduce the apoptosis of neural cells.
