A number of investigations into application of polymers for macro-morphological modification of tool surface have been carried out. These researches, with extensive stress on convex or domed protuberations as one of t...A number of investigations into application of polymers for macro-morphological modification of tool surface have been carried out. These researches, with extensive stress on convex or domed protuberations as one of the widely used construction units, have tried to harness benefits from using polymers in agriculture. Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene （UHMW-PE） has proved an emerging polymer in its application to reduce soil adhesion. This research was conducted to study the effect of shape （flat, semi-spherical, semi-oblate, semi short-prolate and semi long-prolate） and dimensions （base diameter and dome height） on sliding resistance and normal adhesion of biomimetic plates. To incorporate both shape and size, a dimensionless ratio of height to diameter （HDR） was introduced to characterize the effect of construction unit＇s physique. Experiments were conducted in Bangkok clay soil with dry （ 19.8% d.b.）, sticky （36.9% d.b.） and flooded （60.1% d.b.） soil conditions respectively. Soil at sticky limit exhibited the highest sliding resistance （77.8 N） and normal adhesion （3 kPa to 7 kPa）, whereas these values were 61.7 N and 〈0.2 kPa in dry, and 53.7 N and 0.5 kPa to 1.5 kPa in flooded soil conditions. Protuberances with HDR ≤ 0.5 lowered sliding resistance by 10% - 30% and the same reduced normal adhesion by 10% - 60%. The amount of reduction in both sliding resistance and normal adhesion was higher in flooded soil. Lighter normal loads obviously produced lesser resistance and adhesion.展开更多
Fully grown oocytes of Apostichopus japonicus have a cytoplasmic protuberance where the oocyte attaches to the follicle. The protuberance and the oolamina located on the opposite side of the oocyte indicate the animal...Fully grown oocytes of Apostichopus japonicus have a cytoplasmic protuberance where the oocyte attaches to the follicle. The protuberance and the oolamina located on the opposite side of the oocyte indicate the animal-vegetal axis. Two pre-meiotic centrosomes are anchored to the protuberance by microtubules between centrosomes and protuberance. After meiosis reinitiation induced by DTT solution, the germinal vesicle (GV) migrates towards the protuberance. The GV breaks down after it migrates to the oocyte membrane on the protuberance side. The protuberance then contracts back into the oocyte and the first polar body extrudes from the site of the former protuberance. The second polar body forms beneath the first. Thus the oocyte protuberance indicates the presumptive animal pole well before maturation of the oocyte.展开更多
BACKGROUND Submucosal protuberance caused by fish bone insertion into the digestive tract has rarely been reported.These cases usually include patients with clear signs such as a history of fish intake,pain,and dyspha...BACKGROUND Submucosal protuberance caused by fish bone insertion into the digestive tract has rarely been reported.These cases usually include patients with clear signs such as a history of fish intake,pain,and dysphagia,as well as positive findings on endoscopy and imaging.Here,we report a case of a fish bone hidden in the submucosal protuberance of the gastric antrum during endoscopic submucosal dissection without preoperative obvious positive signs.CASE SUMMARY A 58-year-old woman presented with epigastric pain for the past 20 d and a submucosal protuberance.Abdominal computed tomography and endoscopic ultrasonography did not indicate the presence of a fish bone.We assumed the cause to be an ordinary submucosal eminence and performed an endoscopic submucosal dissection to confirm its essence.During the operation,a fish bone approximately 20 mm in length was found incidentally.CONCLUSION Our report could potentially prevent the oversight of embedded fish bones and associated adverse effects in patients with similar presentation.展开更多
This study explored the clinical value of endoscopic ligation for the treatment of upper gastrointestinal(GI)protuberant lesions in children.According to the appearance and size of lesions,we used different ligation t...This study explored the clinical value of endoscopic ligation for the treatment of upper gastrointestinal(GI)protuberant lesions in children.According to the appearance and size of lesions,we used different ligation techniques for the treatment of the lesions.Endoscopic ultrasonography was used for preliminary characterization of the lesions.One case diagnosed with PeutzJeghers syndrome was successfully treated by a detachable snare.Two cases with semi-pedunculated or broad-base lesions originating from the submucosal layer of the upper GI were treated with endoscopic variceal ligation;endoscopic examination showed that one case had complete healing 11 wk after ligation,while an ulcer scar was observed at the ligation site after 6 wk in the other case.All lesions were successfully ligated at the first attempt.No significant complications occurred either during or after the procedure.Selective endoscopic ligation of upper GI lesions is an effective and safe treatment for upper GI protuberant lesions in children.展开更多
文摘A number of investigations into application of polymers for macro-morphological modification of tool surface have been carried out. These researches, with extensive stress on convex or domed protuberations as one of the widely used construction units, have tried to harness benefits from using polymers in agriculture. Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene （UHMW-PE） has proved an emerging polymer in its application to reduce soil adhesion. This research was conducted to study the effect of shape （flat, semi-spherical, semi-oblate, semi short-prolate and semi long-prolate） and dimensions （base diameter and dome height） on sliding resistance and normal adhesion of biomimetic plates. To incorporate both shape and size, a dimensionless ratio of height to diameter （HDR） was introduced to characterize the effect of construction unit＇s physique. Experiments were conducted in Bangkok clay soil with dry （ 19.8% d.b.）, sticky （36.9% d.b.） and flooded （60.1% d.b.） soil conditions respectively. Soil at sticky limit exhibited the highest sliding resistance （77.8 N） and normal adhesion （3 kPa to 7 kPa）, whereas these values were 61.7 N and 〈0.2 kPa in dry, and 53.7 N and 0.5 kPa to 1.5 kPa in flooded soil conditions. Protuberances with HDR ≤ 0.5 lowered sliding resistance by 10% - 30% and the same reduced normal adhesion by 10% - 60%. The amount of reduction in both sliding resistance and normal adhesion was higher in flooded soil. Lighter normal loads obviously produced lesser resistance and adhesion.
基金Supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (No. 2006AA10A411)National Programs for Science and Technology Development (No. 2006BAD09A01)
文摘Fully grown oocytes of Apostichopus japonicus have a cytoplasmic protuberance where the oocyte attaches to the follicle. The protuberance and the oolamina located on the opposite side of the oocyte indicate the animal-vegetal axis. Two pre-meiotic centrosomes are anchored to the protuberance by microtubules between centrosomes and protuberance. After meiosis reinitiation induced by DTT solution, the germinal vesicle (GV) migrates towards the protuberance. The GV breaks down after it migrates to the oocyte membrane on the protuberance side. The protuberance then contracts back into the oocyte and the first polar body extrudes from the site of the former protuberance. The second polar body forms beneath the first. Thus the oocyte protuberance indicates the presumptive animal pole well before maturation of the oocyte.
文摘BACKGROUND Submucosal protuberance caused by fish bone insertion into the digestive tract has rarely been reported.These cases usually include patients with clear signs such as a history of fish intake,pain,and dysphagia,as well as positive findings on endoscopy and imaging.Here,we report a case of a fish bone hidden in the submucosal protuberance of the gastric antrum during endoscopic submucosal dissection without preoperative obvious positive signs.CASE SUMMARY A 58-year-old woman presented with epigastric pain for the past 20 d and a submucosal protuberance.Abdominal computed tomography and endoscopic ultrasonography did not indicate the presence of a fish bone.We assumed the cause to be an ordinary submucosal eminence and performed an endoscopic submucosal dissection to confirm its essence.During the operation,a fish bone approximately 20 mm in length was found incidentally.CONCLUSION Our report could potentially prevent the oversight of embedded fish bones and associated adverse effects in patients with similar presentation.
基金Supported by The 2011 Ministry of Health Key Clinical Speciality Center ProjectChina
文摘This study explored the clinical value of endoscopic ligation for the treatment of upper gastrointestinal(GI)protuberant lesions in children.According to the appearance and size of lesions,we used different ligation techniques for the treatment of the lesions.Endoscopic ultrasonography was used for preliminary characterization of the lesions.One case diagnosed with PeutzJeghers syndrome was successfully treated by a detachable snare.Two cases with semi-pedunculated or broad-base lesions originating from the submucosal layer of the upper GI were treated with endoscopic variceal ligation;endoscopic examination showed that one case had complete healing 11 wk after ligation,while an ulcer scar was observed at the ligation site after 6 wk in the other case.All lesions were successfully ligated at the first attempt.No significant complications occurred either during or after the procedure.Selective endoscopic ligation of upper GI lesions is an effective and safe treatment for upper GI protuberant lesions in children.
