The toxicity of benzene is well known, and its leukemia effect has established. It is a natural constituent of crude oil and the diseases related to its exposure are recognized as occupational diseases. <strong>...The toxicity of benzene is well known, and its leukemia effect has established. It is a natural constituent of crude oil and the diseases related to its exposure are recognized as occupational diseases. <strong>Objective:</strong> To assess occupational exposure of benzene to workers in an oil and gas production company. <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> Firstly, it was a descriptive, cross-sectional study which consisted of benzene atmospheric quantification in a sample individual measurement of a homogeneous exposure group of workers. Secondly, urinary assays of S-phenylmercapturic acid have been performed at the end of the shift in the selected workers.<strong> Results:</strong> The study has included 79 (47.88%) workers, 17 atmospheric samples were usable and 79 urinary assays at the end of the shift were performed. The average benzene concentration for all sites was 10 times lower than the regulatory average exposure value (1 ppm = 3.2 mg/m<sup>3</sup>): average: 0.122 pp, median: 0.053 ppm and range: 0.019 - 1.448 ppm. All 79 urinary assays of S-phenylmercapturic acid with a biological exposure index of less than 25 μg/g creatinine: mean: 0.70 μg/g creatinine, median: 0.52 μg/g creatinine and extends: 0.23 to 6.7 μg/g creatinine. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Exposure was below to the limit value for benzene in both atmospheric metrology and biometrology. Therefore it is an occupational group with low exposure to benzene. Thus, the medical supervision will be adapted according to the potentially exposing tasks.展开更多
Ambient benzene homologues were measured at a site in the northeastern urban area of Beijing, China, from August 24 to September 4, 2012 by SUMMA canister sampling followed by laboratory determination using cryogenic ...Ambient benzene homologues were measured at a site in the northeastern urban area of Beijing, China, from August 24 to September 4, 2012 by SUMMA canister sampling followed by laboratory determination using cryogenic cold trap pre-concentration-GC-MS/FID, and their health risks were also assessed. Daily total benzene homologues ranged from 0.99 to 49.71 μg/m3 with an average of 11.98 μg/m3. Benzene homologues showed higher concentrations in the morning and evening than that at noontime. Comparison with previous studies revealed a trend of decrease for ambient benzene homologues probably due to the effective emission control in Beijing in recent years. Vehicular exhaust was the main source while volatilization of paints and solvents also made substantial contributions. Health risk assessment showed that BTEX （benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene and p-xylene） and styrene had no appreciable adverse non-cancer health risks for the exposed population, while benzene has potential cancer risk of 1.34E-05. Available data from cities in China all implied that benzene imposes relatively higher cancer risk on the exposed populations and therefore strict control measures should be taken to further lower ambient benzene levels in China.展开更多
目的:建立一种用吹扫捕集(Purge&Trap)联合气相色谱-质谱联用技术同时测定饮用水体中10种苯系物的方法。方法:水样中的苯系物经吹扫捕集仪提取、浓缩并解析,用GC-MS检测,以保留时间和选择离子定性,外标法定量。结果:10种苯系物在实...目的:建立一种用吹扫捕集(Purge&Trap)联合气相色谱-质谱联用技术同时测定饮用水体中10种苯系物的方法。方法:水样中的苯系物经吹扫捕集仪提取、浓缩并解析,用GC-MS检测,以保留时间和选择离子定性,外标法定量。结果:10种苯系物在实验范围内分离效果好,标准曲线相关系数(R)大于0.996,检出限为0.30~0.80μg·L^(-1)。平均加标回收率为89.3%~101.2%,相对标准偏差(Relative Standard Deviation,RSD)为2.9%~8.7%。结论:该方法简便快速,水样无需前处理,准确度、精密度、回收率等各项指标均符合国家标准要求,可用于饮用水体中苯系物的检测。展开更多
文摘The toxicity of benzene is well known, and its leukemia effect has established. It is a natural constituent of crude oil and the diseases related to its exposure are recognized as occupational diseases. <strong>Objective:</strong> To assess occupational exposure of benzene to workers in an oil and gas production company. <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> Firstly, it was a descriptive, cross-sectional study which consisted of benzene atmospheric quantification in a sample individual measurement of a homogeneous exposure group of workers. Secondly, urinary assays of S-phenylmercapturic acid have been performed at the end of the shift in the selected workers.<strong> Results:</strong> The study has included 79 (47.88%) workers, 17 atmospheric samples were usable and 79 urinary assays at the end of the shift were performed. The average benzene concentration for all sites was 10 times lower than the regulatory average exposure value (1 ppm = 3.2 mg/m<sup>3</sup>): average: 0.122 pp, median: 0.053 ppm and range: 0.019 - 1.448 ppm. All 79 urinary assays of S-phenylmercapturic acid with a biological exposure index of less than 25 μg/g creatinine: mean: 0.70 μg/g creatinine, median: 0.52 μg/g creatinine and extends: 0.23 to 6.7 μg/g creatinine. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Exposure was below to the limit value for benzene in both atmospheric metrology and biometrology. Therefore it is an occupational group with low exposure to benzene. Thus, the medical supervision will be adapted according to the potentially exposing tasks.
基金supported by the Special Research Project for the National Environmental Protection Public Welfare Industry of China(No.201009032)the Strategic Pilot Science and Technology Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Class B)(No.XDB05010200)the Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41175111)
文摘Ambient benzene homologues were measured at a site in the northeastern urban area of Beijing, China, from August 24 to September 4, 2012 by SUMMA canister sampling followed by laboratory determination using cryogenic cold trap pre-concentration-GC-MS/FID, and their health risks were also assessed. Daily total benzene homologues ranged from 0.99 to 49.71 μg/m3 with an average of 11.98 μg/m3. Benzene homologues showed higher concentrations in the morning and evening than that at noontime. Comparison with previous studies revealed a trend of decrease for ambient benzene homologues probably due to the effective emission control in Beijing in recent years. Vehicular exhaust was the main source while volatilization of paints and solvents also made substantial contributions. Health risk assessment showed that BTEX （benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene and p-xylene） and styrene had no appreciable adverse non-cancer health risks for the exposed population, while benzene has potential cancer risk of 1.34E-05. Available data from cities in China all implied that benzene imposes relatively higher cancer risk on the exposed populations and therefore strict control measures should be taken to further lower ambient benzene levels in China.
文摘目的:建立一种用吹扫捕集(Purge&Trap)联合气相色谱-质谱联用技术同时测定饮用水体中10种苯系物的方法。方法:水样中的苯系物经吹扫捕集仪提取、浓缩并解析,用GC-MS检测,以保留时间和选择离子定性,外标法定量。结果:10种苯系物在实验范围内分离效果好,标准曲线相关系数(R)大于0.996,检出限为0.30~0.80μg·L^(-1)。平均加标回收率为89.3%~101.2%,相对标准偏差(Relative Standard Deviation,RSD)为2.9%~8.7%。结论:该方法简便快速,水样无需前处理,准确度、精密度、回收率等各项指标均符合国家标准要求,可用于饮用水体中苯系物的检测。
