The Effect of Cycling and Arm Ergometer Exercises on Physical and Psychosocial Functions: Application in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of bicycle and arm ergometer exercises on physical and psychosocial functions in patients who underwent Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery. Methods: A total of 39 cases (35 males, 4 females) were included in the study, with 23 participants aged between 52 and 65 using bicycle ergometers and a group of 16 people who performed arm ergometers opposite. After the demographic data were recorded, physical functions of all individuals participating in the study were evaluated with a 6-minute walk test, bioimpedance analysis, HDL, LDL, Triglyceride and Total cholesterol values, and psychosocial functions were evaluated with the Beck depression scale, modified borg scale and SF 36 questionnaires before and after the training. All participants were given bicycle or arm ergometer exercises for 6 weeks, 5 sessions per week, for a total of 30 sessions. Result: When the results were examined, it was observed that there was a statistically significant increase in walking distance of the people in the bicycle ergometer group compared to the arm ergometer group (p < 0.05). In addition, it was revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in the general health parameter, which is one of the sub-parameters of SF 36, in the arm ergometer group compared to the bicycle ergometer group (p Conclusion: When we look at the results of this study, it is important in terms of revealing that bicycle and arm ergometer exercises similarly improve the physical and psychosocial functions of patients who have undergone Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery. However, it has been shown that cycling exercises are much more advantageous in improving functional capacity. Summary Statement: What is already known about this topic? 1) Walking and arm exercises are good for heart diseases. What this paper adds? 2) Demonstrated that cycling and arm ergometer exercises have curative aspects for patients undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery. The implications of this paper: 3) As a result, it has been revealed that cycling and arm ergometry techniques are good indicators in patients who have undergone Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery.

Oxygen uptake during the last bouts of exercise incorporated into high-intensity intermittent cross-exercise exceeds the V O_(2)max of the same exercise mode

Oxygen uptake(V O_(2))was measured during a non-exhaustive high-intensity intermittent cross-exercise(HIICE)protocol consisting of four alternating bouts of 20 s running(R)and three bouts of bicycle exercise(BE)at~160%and~170%maximal oxygen uptake(V O_(2)max),respectively,with 10 s between-bout rests(sequence R-BE-R-BER-BE-R).The V O_(2) during the last BE([52.2±5.0]mL⋅kg^(-1)⋅min^(-1))was significantly higher than the V O_(2)max of the BE([48.0±5.4]mL⋅kg^(-1)⋅min^(-1),n=30)and similar to that of running.For clarifying the underlying mechanisms,a corresponding HIICE-protocol with BE and arm cranking ergometer exercise(AC)was used(sequence AC-AC-BE-AC-BE-AC-AC-BE).In some experiments,thigh blood flow was occluded by a cuff around the upper thigh.Without occlusion,the V O_(2) during the AC([39.2±7.1]mL⋅kg^(-1)⋅min^(-1)[6th bout])was significantly higher than the V O_(2)max of AC([30.2±4.4]mL⋅kg^(-1)⋅min^(-1),n=7).With occlusion,the corresponding V O_(2)([29.8±3.9]mL⋅kg^(-1)⋅min^(-1))was reduced to that of the V O_(2)max of AC and significantly less than the V O_(2) without occlusion.These findings suggest that during the last bouts of HIICE may exceed the of the specific exercise,probably because it is a summation of the V O_(2) for the ongoing exercise plus excess post-oxygen consumption(EPOC)produced by the previous exercise with a higher V O_(2)max.