Revision of <i>Genus Crescentia</i>L. (Bignoniaceae) in India

The genus Crescentia L. in India is taxonomically revised. A key to the species, nomenclatural citation of each species, their synonyms, type details, taxonomic description, phenology, distribution in India and worldwide, exsiccata, ecological and taxonomical notes if any, have been provided. Line drawing of the habit and dissected parts of each species have been given.

A new iridoid from Incarvillea delavayi

A new iridoid was isolated from the 80% ethanol extract of the whole plant of Incarvillea delavayi. Its structure was defined, and named incarvillic acid, on the basis of spectral evidences.

A new caffeic ester from Incarvillea mairei var.granditlora (Wehrhahn) Grierson

A new cafferic ester, （＋）-2-（1-hydroxyl-4-oxocyclohexyl） ethyl caffeate, was isolated from the 80% ethanol extract of the whole plants of Incarvillea mairei var. granditlora （Wehrhahn） Grierson. The structure of the compound was established by spectroscopic methods.

Abiotic stress on seed germination and plant growth of Zeyheria tuberculosa

Zeyheria tuberculosa(Vell.)Bureau ex Verl.is among the Brazilian flora threatened with extinction.It has high-quality wood and can be used to recover herbicidecontaminated areas.However,abiotic stresses can harm seed germination and seedling development under adverse conditions and need to be understood to improve autochthonous or indigenous biodiversity conservation and strengthen reforestation projects.This study evaluated the effects of temperature,water and saline stress on Z.tuberculosa seed germination and water stress on seedling growth.Three laboratory experiments evaluated germination under:(1)different temperatures(20,25,30,35 and 40℃);(2)different water potentials simulated with polyethylene glycol(PEG6000)at 25 and 30℃;and,(3)different osmotic potentials simulated with NaCl at 25 and 30℃.In addition,a greenhouse experiment subjected seedlings to five water regimes(20%,35%,50%,65%and 80%of maximum substrate water holding capacity).In the laboratory,seedling biometry and germination were evaluated,while physiological and morphological parameters were assessed in the greenhouse.Physiological potential of seeds increased at 25 and 30℃.Germination and vigor decreased as water and saline stresses increased.Germination tolerance thresholds for water and salt stresses were-0.6 and-0.4 MPa,respectively.In the greenhouse,the most restrictive water regimes reduced seedling physiological and morphological parameters.Seedling development was compromised at moisture levels below50%field capacity.

Lignan Glycosides and Phenolic Compound Glycosides from the Branches of <i>Tabebuia chrysotricha</i>

From the branches of Tabebuia chrysotricha (Bignoniaceae), two lignan glycosides (1, 2) and two phenolic compound glycosides (3, 4) were isolated, along with 15 known compounds (5 - 19). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence and those of the known compounds were identified by comparison of spectroscopic data with those reported in the literature. The DPPH radical-scavenging activity was assayed for the compounds isolated, the aryltetralin-type lignans showing moderate activity.

In Vitro Propagation and Conservation of Zeyheria montana Mart:An Endangered Medicinal Plant

Roots of Zeyheriamontana, a species native to the savanna (Cerrado) region of central Brazil, produce lapachol, a naphthoquinone with anticancer activity. Lapachol is also the precursor of β-lapachone, a novel drug candidate for preventive and adjuvant cancer therapies. The leaves of Z. montana are a renewable source of ursolic acid and oleanoic acid, compounds known for their anticancer, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The potential prophylactic use of β-lapachone, as well as the medicinal properties of ursolic acid, highlights the importance of this study on Z.montana’s germplasm conservation. Multiple shoots were induced on Woody Plant media with supplemented 0.1 mg·L-1 of thidiazuron (TDZ). Rooting was promoted on half strength WP (Woody Plant media containing 1.0 mg·L-1 of Indolbutiric acid-IBA). Plantlet acclimatization to ex-vitro condition was done at a 70% success rate using different substrates. It was possible to store Z.montana’s elite germplasm using in vitro cultures of media containing 2% sucrose plus 4% sorbitol for six months without subcultures.

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization Promotes Aerial Part Development and Affect Nutrient Uptake by Carobinha of the Brazilian Cerrado

Producing Brazilian Cerrado plants, especially ones endangered, is essential for your maintenance. In this way, fertilization is furthermore uncertain. Here, we demonstrate the impact of soil addition of nitrogen (N, 4.20, 18.90, 31.50, 44.10 and 59.85 mg&middot;dm-3) and phosphorus (P, 9.56, 57.38, 95.62, 133.86 and 181.67 mg&middot;dm-3) fertilizers levels on the development and on nutrients uptake by Jacaranda decurrens subsp. symmetrifoliolata (carobinha), species of the Brazilian Cerrado, in a long term pot trial. The N and P addition together increased plant height and N concentration in roots. N and P also increased the P concentration and content on the roots in young plants, but in the older plants, isolated effect of both was stronger than their combined action. The N addition promoted branching, production of dry leaves and dry xylopodium, contents of K, Ca and P on the leaves, and N content on the roots. However, the N reduced xylopodium diameter, leaf area, and Mg contents in the young plants, but increased them in the older plants. The P addition increased stem diameter and dry biomass, P concentration and N content on the leaves, Ca content on the roots and also reduced N concentration on the leaves. However, the P addition increased Mg concentration on the roots in the young plants and reduced it in the older plants. In general, N levels ranging between 25.69 - 38.85 mg&middot;dm-3 and P levels between 84.39 - 109.23 mg&middot;dm-3 promote more effectively the plant development. Thus, N and P fertilization can promote the aerial development of plant and a differential allocation of nutrients between the carobinha tissues.