Predictive value of bilirubin and serum γ-glutamyltranspeptidase levels in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients with acute coronary syndrome

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is a major complication of diabetes mellitus(DM).Type-2 DM(T2DM)is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality,while serum biomarkers may facilitate the prediction of these outcomes.Early differential diagnosis of T2DM complicated with acute coronary syndrome(ACS)plays an important role in controlling disease progression and improving safety.AIM To investigate the correlation of serum bilirubin andγ-glutamyltranspeptidase(γ-GGT)with major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs)in T2DM patients with ACS.METHODS The clinical data of inpatients from January 2022 to December 2022 were analyzed retrospectively.According to different conditions,they were divided into the T2DM complicated with ACS group(T2DM+ACS,n=96),simple T2DM group(T2DM,n=85),and simple ACS group(ACS,n=90).The clinical data and laboratory indices were compared among the three groups,and the correlations of serum total bilirubin(TBIL)levels and serumγ-GGT levels with other indices were discussed.T2DM+ACS patients received a 90-day follow-up after discharge and were divided into event(n=15)and nonevent(n=81)groups according to the occurrence of MACEs;Univariate and multivariate analyses were further used to screen the independent influencing factors of MACEs in patients.RESULTS The T2DM+ACS group showed higherγ-GGT,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)and lower TBIL and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than the T2DM and ACS groups(P<0.05).Based on univariate analysis,the event and nonevent groups were significantly different in age(t=3.3612,P=0.0011),TBIL level(t=3.0742,P=0.0028),γ-GGT level(t=2.6887,P=0.0085),LDL-C level(t=2.0816,P=0.0401),HbA1c level(t=2.7862,P=0.0065)and left ventricular ejection fraction(LEVF)levels(t=3.2047,P=0.0018).Multivariate logistic regression analysis further identified that TBIL level and LEVF level were protective factor for MACEs,and age andγ-GGT level were risk factors(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Serum TBIL levels are decreased andγ-GGT levels are increased in T2DM+ACS patients,and the two indices are significantly negatively correlated.TBIL andγ-GGT are independent influencing factors for MACEs in such patients.

Combined preoperative albumin bilirubin score and hepatectomy percentage for evaluate the liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy

Surgical resection is a pivotal therapeutic approach for addressing hepatic space-occupying lesions,with liver volume restoration and hepatic functional recovery being crucial for assessing surgical prognosis.The preoperative albumin-bilirubin(ALBI)score,encompassing serum albumin and bilirubin levels,can be determined via blood analysis,effectively mitigating human error and providing an accurate depiction of liver function.The hepatectomy ratio,which is the proportion of the liver volume removed to the total liver volume,is critical in preserving an adequate liver tissue volume to ensure postoperative hepatic functional compensation,minimize surgical complications,and reduce mortality rates.Incorporating the preoperative ALBI score and hepatectomy ratio aids surgeons in assessing the optimal timing and extent of partial hepatectomy.The introduction of preoperative albumin bilirubin score and hepatectomy percentage is beneficial for the surgeons to evaluate the timing and magnitude of partial liver resection.

Interplay of serum biomarkers bilirubin andγ-glutamyltranspeptidase in predicting cardiovascular complications in type-2 diabetes mellitus

This editorial synthesizes insights from a series of studies examining the interplay between metabolic and oxidative stress biomarkers in cardiovascular disease(CVD),focusing particularly on type-2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and acute coronary syndrome(ACS).The central piece of this synthesis is a study that investigates the balance between oxidative stress and antioxidant systems in the body through the analysis of serum bilirubin andγ-glutamyltranspeptidase(γ-GGT)levels in T2DM patients with ACS.This study highlights serum bilirubin as a protective antioxidant factor,while elevatedγ-GGT levels indicate increased oxidative stress and correlate with major adverse cardiovascular events.Complementary to this,other research contributions revealγ-GGT’s role as a risk factor in ACS,its association with cardiovascular mortality in broader populations,and its link to metabolic syndrome,further elucidating the metabolic dysregulation in CVDs.The collective findings from these studies underscore the critical roles ofγ-GGT and serum bilirubin in cardiovascular health,especially in the context of T2DM and ACS.By providing a balanced view of the body’s oxidative and antioxidative mechanisms,these insights suggest potential pathways for targeted interventions and improved prognostic assessments in patients with T2DM and ACS.This synthesis not only corroborates the pivotal role ofγ-GGT in cardiovascular pathology but also introduces the protective potential of antioxidants like bilirubin,illuminating the complex interplay between T2DM and heart disease.These studies collectively underscore the critical roles of serum bilirubin andγ-GGT as biomarkers in cardiovascular health,particularly in T2DM and ACS contexts,offering insights into the body’s oxidative and antioxidative mechanisms.This synthesis of research supports the potential of these biomarkers in guiding therapeutic strategies and improving prognostic assessments for patients with T2DM and some CVD.

Association of total bilirubin with depression risk in adults with diabetes:A cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND Individuals with diabetes mellitus are more likely to experience depression,although most patients remain undiagnosed.The relation between total bilirubin and depression has been increasingly discussed,but limited studies have examined the association of total bilirubin with depression risk in adults with diabetes,which warrants attention.AIM To investigate the association between total bilirubin levels and the risk of depression in adults with diabetes.METHODS The study included adults with diabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2018.Depression was determined using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.Multivariable logistic regression,propensity scorematched analysis and restricted cubic spline models were utilized to investigate the association between total bilirubin levels and depression risk in adults with diabetes.RESULTS The study included 4758 adults with diabetes,of whom 602(12.7%)were diagnosed with depression.After adjusting for covariates,we found that diabetic adults with lower total bilirubin levels had a higher risk of depression(OR=1.230,95%CI:1.006-1.503,P=0.043).This association was further confirmed after propensity score matching(OR=1.303,95%CI:1.034-1.641,P=0.025).Subgroup analyses showed no significant dependence of age,body mass index,sex,race or hypertension on this association.Restricted cubic spline models displayed an inverted U-shaped association of total bilirubin levels with depression risk within the lower range of total bilirubin levels.The depression risk heightened with the increasing levels of total bilirubin,reaching the highest risk at 6.81μmol/L and decreasing thereafter.CONCLUSION In adults with diabetes,those with lower levels of total bilirubin were more likely to have depressive symptoms.Serum total bilirubin levels may be used as an additional indicator to assess depression risk in adults with diabetes.

Correlation between pre-treatment serum total blood bilirubin andunconjugated bilirubin and prognosis in patients with colorectalcancer

BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have found that unconjugated bilirubin(UCB)levels are positively correlated with the incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC).Therefore,bilirubin may also play an important role in the prognosis of CRC.AIM To investigate the predictive value of total bilirubin(TBIL)and UCB in the prognosis of patients with CRC.METHODS A total of 142 CRC patients were selected as the research subjects in Jingxian Hospital,from October 2014 to May 2021.General and tumour-related clinical data at admission and the overall survival at 3 years after surgery were collected.The optimal cut-off values of TBIL and UCB were determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were used to analyse the effect of bilirubin level on the survival of CRC patients.The Kaplan–Meier method was used to assess the survival time.RESULTS The 3-year overall survival rate of CRC patients was significantly higher in the high TBIL(>13.45μmol/L)group than in the low TBIL(≤13.45μmol/L)group(76.4%vs 37.1%;P<0.05).The 3-year overall survival rate of CRC patients in the high UCB(>10.75μmol/L)group was significantly higher than that in the low UCB(≤10.75μmol/L)group(83.3%vs 34.2%;P<0.05).Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that higher TBIL levels were an independent predictor of better prognosis in CRC patients(hazard ratio=0.360,95%confidence interval:0.159-0.812,P=0.014).CONCLUSION TBIL levels can be used as a prognostic indicator for CRC patients.

Better performance of PIVKA-II for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic liver disease with normal total bilirubin

BACKGROUND Serum protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-Ⅱ(PIVKA-Ⅱ) is a promising biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) surveillance.AIM To identify the contributing factors related to the abnormal elevation of PIVKA-Ⅱ level and assess their potential influence on the performance of PIVKA-Ⅱ in detecting HCC.METHODS This study retrospectively enrolled in 784 chronic liver disease(CLD) patients and 267 HCC patients in Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University from April 2016 to December 2019. Logistic regression and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC) were used to evaluate the influencing factors and diagnostic performance of PIVKA-Ⅱ for HCC, respectively.RESULTS Elevated PIVKA-Ⅱ levels were independently positively associated with alcohol-related liver disease, serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP), and total bilirubin(TBIL) for CLD patients and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and tumor size for HCC patients(all P < 0.05). Serum PIVKA-Ⅱ were significantly lower in patients with viral etiology, ALP ≤ 1 × upper limit of normal(ULN), TBIL ≤ 1 × ULN, and AST ≤ 1 × ULN than in those with nonviral disease and abnormal ALP, TBIL, or AST(all P < 0.05), but the differences disappeared in patients with early-stage HCC. For patients with TBIL ≤ 1 × ULN, the AUC of PIVKA-Ⅱ was significantly higher compared to that in patients with TBIL > 1 × ULN(0.817 vs 0.669, P = 0.015), while the difference between ALP ≤ 1 × ULN and ALP > 1 × ULN was not statistically significant(0.783 vs 0.729, P = 0.398). These trends were then more prominently perceived in subgroups of patients with viral etiology and HBV alone.CONCLUSION Serum PIVKA-Ⅱ has better performance in detecting HCC at an early stage for CLD patients with normal serum TBIL.

Predictive value of preoperative albumin-bilirubin score and other risk factors for short-term outcomes after open pancreatoduodenectomy

BACKGROUND Pancreatoduodenectomy represents a complex procedure involving extensive organ resection and multiple alimentary reconstructions.It is still associated with high morbidity,even in high-volume centres.Prediction tools including preoperative patient-related factors to preoperatively identify patients at high risk for postoperative complications could enable tailored perioperative management and improve patient outcomes.AIM To evaluate the clinical significance of preoperative albumin-bilirubin score and other risk factors in relation to short-term postoperative outcomes in patients after open pancreatoduodenectomy.METHODS This retrospective study included all patients who underwent open pancreatic head resection(pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy or Whipple resection)for various pathologies during a five-year period(2017-2021)in a tertiary care setting at University Medical Centre Ljubljana,Slovenia and Cattinara Hospital,Trieste,Italy.Short-term postoperative outcomes,namely,postoperative complications,postoperative pancreatic fistula,reoperation,and mortality,were evaluated in association with albumin-bilirubin score and other risk factors.Multiple logistic regression models were built to identify risk factors associated with these short-term postoperative outcomes.RESULTS Data from 347 patients were collected.Postoperative complications,major postoperative complications,postoperative pancreatic fistula,reoperation,and mortality were observed in 52.7%,22.2%,23.9%,21.3%,and 5.2%of patients,respectively.There was no statistically significant association between the albumin-bilirubin score and any of these short-term postoperative complications based on univariate analysis.When controlling for other predictor variables in a logistic regression model,soft pancreatic texture was statistically significantly associated with postoperative complications[odds ratio(OR):2.09;95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.19-3.67];male gender(OR:2.12;95%CI:1.15-3.93),soft pancreatic texture(OR:3.06;95%CI:1.56-5.97),and blood loss(OR:1.07;95%CI:1.00-1.14)were statistically significantly associated with major postoperative complications;soft pancreatic texture was statistically significantly associated with the development of postoperative pancreatic fistula(OR:5.11;95%CI:2.38-10.95);male gender(OR:1.97;95%CI:1.01-3.83),soft pancreatic texture(OR:2.95;95%CI:1.42-6.11),blood loss(OR:1.08;95%CI:1.01-1.16),and resection due to duodenal carcinoma(OR:6.58;95%CI:1.20-36.15)were statistically significantly associated with reoperation.CONCLUSION The albumin-bilirubin score failed to predict short-term postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy.However,other risk factors seem to influence postoperative outcomes,including male sex,soft pancreatic texture,blood loss,and resection due to duodenal carcinoma.

PCT、白蛋白及胆红素水平预测胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘发生风险的列线图模型构建

目的探讨降素钙原(PCT)、白蛋白及胆红素水平预测胰十二指肠切除术(PD)术后胰瘘(POPF)发生风险的列线图模型。方法回顾性选择2020年1月至2023年1月于绵阳市中心医院胰腺外科行PD患者120例,剔除7例,共纳入113例,按3∶1随机分为建模组(n=84)和验证组(n=29)。根据2016年ISGPF提出的POPF诊断标准,共35例发生POPF;其中建模组发生POPF 26例,验证组9例。分析建模组PD术后POPF的单因素,将其P<0.05的变量纳入二元logistic回归分析,采用Back⁃wald法筛选变量,基于此构建PD术后POPF风险列线图预测模型。采用AUC评价该列线图模型的区分度,校准曲线评价模型预测几率、实际概率间的曲线,以Hosmer⁃Lemeshow拟合优度检验评价该列线图模型的拟合程度。结果建模组中发生POPF与未发生POPF在胰管直径、胰腺质地、FRS评分、腹部总脂肪、腹壁脂肪、术前胆红素、术前白蛋白、术前PCT水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,胰管直径≥0.25 cm、胰腺质地为硬、FRS评分≥5分、腹部总脂肪≥240 cm、腹壁脂肪≥98 cm、术前胆红素及术前PCT水平上升是影响PD术后POPF的危险因素,术前白蛋白水平下降为影响发生POPF的保护因素(P<0.05)。各因素均对应相应的评分,危险因素评分上升,则PD术后POPF风险增加;若保护因素评分增加,则PD术后POPF风险降低。模型验证:建模组ROC中AUC曲线为0.889,95%CI值为0.740~0.966;建模组、验证组模型校准曲线接近标准曲线;Hosmer⁃Lemeshow拟合优度检验,P=0.793、0.688。结论PCT、白蛋白及胆红素水平在PD术后POPF风险中具有重要的预测作用,通过术前监测上述指标变化可以及时发现POPF潜在的风险因素,并采取相应的预防和治疗措施,降低POPF的发生率。

不同智能手机图像比色法的台间差异

利用7款手机对胆红素浓度进行检测,其特征吸光度与胆红素浓度的线性回归决定系数(R^(2))均大于0.95,但不同手机之间差异大,其特征吸光度的最大平均偏差高达183%。本文利用梯度色卡进行实时校正,并考察不同色卡的校准效果,结果显示与反应体系颜色接近的色卡校准效果最佳;利用与胆红素反应体系颜色相近的紫色梯度色卡校正并优化校正方程,7款手机的特征吸光度最大平均偏差降至17.5%。引入校正色卡后7款手机检测27.2、55.1和169.3μmol/L样本时,最大相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为6.0%、3.9%和3.5%。利用34台不同品牌手机进行了色卡校正的验证,结果显示,该校准方法成功实现了不同手机测试结果的实时校准。

老年与中青年抑郁障碍患者非酶抗氧化物水平差异

目的探索不同年龄阶段抑郁障碍患者非酶抗氧化物水平的差异。方法纳入抑郁障碍患者135例(包括年龄≥60岁的老年抑郁组63例和<60岁的中青年抑郁组72例),健康对照98名(包括年龄≥60岁的老年对照组46名和<60岁的中青年对照组52名)。测定被试血清非酶抗氧化物尿酸、总胆红素和白蛋白水平。结果双因素方差分析表明,对于尿酸、总胆红素水平,抑郁因素主效应均有统计学意义(P<0.05),抑郁障碍患者的尿酸[(314.30±85.18)μmol/L vs.(339.68±85.27)μmol/L]、总胆红素[(12.81±6.16)μmol/L vs(.15.09±5.97)μmol/L]水平低于对照(P<0.05)。年龄分组与抑郁因素对白蛋白水平的影响存在交互作用(F=11.059,P<0.001),老年抑郁组患者的白蛋白[(41.05±3.97)g/L vs.(46.01±4.49)g/L]水平低于中青年抑郁组患者(P<0.01)。结论抑郁障碍患者存在非酶类抗氧化物的异常,老年患者的损害更为突出。

Gilbert综合征临床病理诊断及特征分析

目的分析总结25例Gilbert综合征临床、实验室检查和病理学形态,为临床病理诊断提供一定经验。方法收集2017年-2022年新疆医科大学第一附属医院Gilbert综合征25例,回顾分析Gilbert综合征的临床特征、实验室检查及病理学形态。结果(1)一般特征:男性16例,女性9例,年龄14岁-63岁,平均年龄40.1岁;(2)临床表现:25例患者中,12例以幼年开始反复出现皮肤黄染,6例偶尔出现乏力;(3)实验室检查:25例患者病毒血清学及自身免疫抗体均为阴性。血红蛋白[141.56±14.27 g/L]和网织红细胞计数[45.37±15.37109/L]均正常,抗人球蛋白溶血实验均为阴性。25例患者均有非结合胆红素(IBil)升高[49.49±31.08μmoL/L],碱性磷酸酶(ALP)有1例升高[69.87±58.05 U/L],结合胆红素(DBil)[1.60±1.70μmoL/L]、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)[24.84±7.29 U/L]、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)[26.07±7.44 U/L]和γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GGT)[24.32±13.41 U/L]均正常。21例患者利福平实验阳性;(4)影像学检查:B超、CT肝脾均未显示异常;(5)肝组织活检:25例组织病理学均显示肝小叶基本结构尚好,在肝小叶3区细胞内出现细小棕色颗粒,余无特殊改变。结论Gilbert综合征以非结合胆红素升高为特征,病理学以肝小叶3区细胞内出现细小棕色颗粒为特征,利福平实验多数为阳性。若临床表现、病理特征及实验室检查均符合条件可符合GS诊断,基因检测可确诊。

新生儿外周血检出胆红素结晶1例报道

胆红素结晶临床可见于阻塞性黄疸、急性肝坏死等疾病个体,出现在胸腹水、关节液中有报道,而外周血检出胆红素结晶罕见。本文报道1例出生4 d男性患儿,诊断为新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征、高胆红素血症。外周血涂片镜检于部分中性粒细胞、单核细胞内见金黄色、折光性强,呈针状、菱形、矩形、斜方体形或长方体形胆红素结晶。根据临床经验,显著高胆红素血症的新生儿外周血偶见胆红素结晶,可造成血清胆红素测定结果偏低。提示血常规结果的审核,需在审核各项检测数值的同时,务必注意观察散点图和报警信息,并结合血清胆红素水平及临床表现,镜检时仔细观察细胞形态,以便及时发现仅仅依靠检测数值发现不了的对临床诊疗有意义的形态学异常结果。

血清抗体、血红蛋白、胆红素、心肌酶及肝酶联合对新生儿Rh溶血病的诊断效果

目的研究血清抗体、血红蛋白、胆红素、心肌酶及肝酶联合对新生儿Rh溶血病的诊断效果。方法选择2021年7月至2022年11月于赣州市人民医院分娩的53例新生儿Rh溶血病患儿,按照疾病严重程度分为重症组20例和轻症组33例,检测并比较血清抗体、血红蛋白、胆红素、心肌酶及肝酶水平,分析其诊断价值。结果重症组血红蛋白低于轻症组,胆红素、肌酸激酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶高于对照组(P<0.05);两组血清抗体比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);经logistic多因素分析结果显示,血清血红蛋白(β=-0.136,OR=0.873,95%CI:0.814~0.936)是新生儿Rh溶血病的保护因素(P<0.05);胆红素(β=0.031,OR=1.032,95%CI:1.012~1.052)、肌酸激酶(β=0.093,OR=1.098,95%CI:1.039~1.160)及丙氨酸氨基转移酶(β=0.120,OR=1.128,95%CI:1.042~1.221)是新生儿Rh溶血病的危险因素(P<0.05);绘制ROC曲线图,结果显示,血清血红蛋白、胆红素、心肌酶及肝酶联合检测在新生儿Rh溶血病诊断中的AUC分别为0.938、0.817、0.815、0.929、0.977,均有一定诊断价值。结论血清血红蛋白、胆红素、心肌酶及肝酶联合检测在新生儿Rh溶血病诊断中有一定应用价值。

外源性胆红素对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的预防作用及其机制

目的:研究外源性胆红素对脑缺血再灌注损伤(I/R)的作用及其对凋亡的影响。方法:SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组(I/R组)、5 mg/kg胆红素组(I/R+5 mg组)、10 mg/kg胆红素组(I/R+10 mg组)和15 mg/kg胆红素组(I/R+15 mg组),造模前连续给药7 d,采用线栓法建立大鼠脑I/R模型。造模24 h后取材,氯化三苯基四氮唑染色测定脑梗死面积,H-E染色观察大鼠脑梗死区域病理改变,TUNEL染色检测大鼠脑组织凋亡细胞,免疫荧光组织化学检测大鼠脑p-caspase 3水平。结果:与I/R组相比,I/R+10 mg组脑梗死面积显著降低;与I/R组相比,I/R+5 mg组和I/R+10 mg组脑组织形态较为正常;与I/R组相比,I/R+10 mg组脑组织TUNEL阳性细胞数量显著减少,I/R+5 mg组、I/R+10 mg组和I/R+15 mg组脑组织p-caspase 3阳性细胞数量显著减少。结论:外源性胆红素在一定剂量范围内对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤有预防作用,其保护机制与抑制凋亡有关。

肝素结合蛋白、总胆红素和白细胞计数联合预测严重创伤合并脓毒症的效能评价

目的:评价肝素结合蛋白(HBP)联合脏器功能指标对严重创伤合并脓毒症患者预警诊断和预后预测效能评价研究。方法:回顾性分析2019年1月~2020年9月期间入住浙江大学医学院附属第二医院急诊医学科的多发伤并完成HBP检测患者184例,根据SEPSIS 3.0诊断标准将患者分为脓毒症组(n=89)和非脓毒症组(n=95),追踪患者临床结局分为死亡组(n=43)和非死亡组(n=141)。连续测定患者HBP水平,比较两组HBP峰值差异,评估其诊断脓毒症的效力,以HBP峰值的中位数为界值进一步分析其与临床预后相关性,评估HBP单独及联合总胆红素(TBil)及白细胞(WBC)评估预后的效力。结果:(1)脓毒症组(n=89)与非脓毒症组(n=95)HBP的峰值(71.7±68.6 vs 52.5±56.1)无显著差异(P=0.051)。(2)184例患者中HBP峰值与WBC计数呈正相关(r=0.244,P<0.01),与TBil水平呈正相关(r=0.241,P<0.01)。(3)TBil水平、WBC计数及PCT水平独立诊断脓毒症曲线下面积(AUC)分别是:0.618、0.631和0.718,三者联合AUC为0.684,诊断敏感度为60.7%,特异度为71.6%(P<0.05)。(4)死亡预后相关分析显示:高HBP水平组患者死亡率要显著高于低水平组(30.4%vs 16.3%,P<0.05);WBC计数值也是死亡组显著高于非死亡组(17.5±6.9 vs 12.8±4.7,P<0.01),尤其合并脓毒症者,该值有显著差异(P<0.01)。HBP峰值、TBil水平、WBC计数、SOFA评分及APACHE-II评分对预测脓毒症死亡预后的AUC分别是:0.618、0.603、0.719、0.823及0.811,HBP联合TBil及WBC评估脓毒症预后的AUC为0.750,评估的敏感度为74.4%,特异度为74.5%(P<0.05)。(5)三者联合评估在预测脓毒症预后效力上与人工评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:HBP、TBil及WBC三者联合用于评估多发伤患者发生脓毒症风险的预测效力较高,对于合并脓毒症的外伤患者死亡风险预测具有较高的临床指导价值。

DBIL/TBIL表达与超声引导下射频消融治疗原发性肝癌患者复发的关系

目的分析血清直接胆红素(DBIL)/总胆红素(TBIL)比值与超声引导下射频消融治疗原发性肝癌(PLC)患者复发的关系。方法入选2018年3月至2021年2月124例拟行射频消融治疗的PLC患者作为研究对象,根据研究目的,在射频消融治疗前常规检测相关指标,包括血清DBIL、TBIL、肿瘤标志物及患者一般临床资料。以射频消融治疗达到完全消融视为消融成功,将消融治疗成功后2 a内复发视为随访终点,采用Cox回归,分析血清DBIL/TBIL与超声引导下射频消融治疗PLC患者复发的关系。结果2018年3月至2021年2月共收录124例PLC患者,一次消融成功率为92.06%(116/126),复发率为21.55%(25/116),射频消融治疗后复发患者肿瘤数目、肿瘤直径大于未复发患者,血清TBIL、DBIL低于未复发患者,甲胎蛋白、DBIL/TBIL比值高于未复发患者(P<0.05)。构建Cox回归分析显示,肿瘤数量≥3、瘤体直径、血清TBIL表达下调,DBIL/TBIL比值升高导致PLC患者射频消融治疗后复发风险增加(P<0.05)。绘制受试者工作特征曲线,血清DBIL/TBIL比值预测PLC患者射频消融治疗后复发的曲线下面积为0.776,当DBIL/TBIL截断值达到0.50时,可以获得最高敏感度(0.920)和特异度(0.495)。结论血清DBIL/TBIL比值升高导致PLC患者射频消融治疗后2 a内复发风险增加,消融治疗前计算DBIL/TBIL比值有助于预测复发风险。

血清Hcy、TBIL联合SUA检测对首发缺血性脑卒中及不良预后的预测价值

目的探讨血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、总胆红素(TBIL)联合血尿酸(SUA)水平检测对首发缺血性脑卒中(FIS)及不良预后的预测价值。方法该研究为回顾性分析,选择2020年1月至2021年7月在该院神经内科住院治疗的210例FIS患者作为观察组,另匹配同期体检健康者210例作为对照组。比较两组血清Hcy、TBIL和SUA水平。统计FIS患者出院后1个月时的脑卒中致残、复发情况并使用改良Rankin量表(mRS)评估出院3个月时的预后情况,采用多因素Logistic回归分析FIS及其不良预后事件的危险因素。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价血清Hcy、TBIL和SUA联合检测对FIS及复发、致残、mRS评分≥3分等不良预后事件的预测价值。结果与对照组相比,FIS患者的血清Hcy和SUA水平均显著升高,血清TBIL水平显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。出现复发、致残和mRS评分≥3分等不良预后事件的患者群体血清Hcy和SUA水平显著升高,血清TBIL水平显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,血清Hcy、TBIL和SUA不仅是FIS的影响因素(P<0.01),也是FIS患者疾病复发、致残和mRS评分≥3分等不良预后事件的影响因素(P<0.01)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,血清Hcy、TBIL和SUA 3项指标联合诊断FIS的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.835(95%CI:0.789~0.875),3项指标联合诊断FIS的效能显著优于单指标检测(P<0.01)。3项指标联合检测对致残(AUC=0.859,95%CI:0.804~0.903)、复发(AUC=0.807,95%CI:0.747~0.858)、mRS≥3分(AUC=0.847,95%CI:0.791~0.893)等不良预后事件也具备一定的预测效能,且预测效能显著优于单指标检测(P<0.05)。结论血清Hcy、TBIL和SUA水平与FIS发生及预后密切相关,血清Hcy、TBIL和SUA联合检测在FIS的诊断和预后评估中具有较高的临床价值。

云南地区53例先天性高胆红素血症临床特征及UGT1A1基因多态性分析

目的探讨云南地区53例UGT1A1基因突变所致的先天性高胆红素血症(Gilbert综合征、Crigler-Najjar综合征)的临床特征及UGT1A1基因突变特点。方法选取2017年1月至2022年12月间昆明市儿童医院消化内科53例Gilbert综合征(GS组)、Crigler-NajjarⅡ型综合征(CN-2组)患儿的临床数据、UGT1A1基因突变结果,回顾性分析患儿的临床特征、实验室检查结果和基因多态性。结果少数民族患儿均在2组中发病率较高,CN-2组中女性比例比GS高。肝脏系统方面,CN-2组TBil、IDB水平较GS组更高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),GS组肝脏结构正常,CN-2组有3例患者肝胆结构有异常。肝外系统方面,血液系统、糖代谢无异常,血脂、甲状腺功能代谢有异常,GS组有维生素D不足,CN-2组存在维生素A、D缺乏及维生素E水平下降。2组患儿均存在心脏结构异常,但CN-2组较GS组发病率高。在所有患者中,突变频率最高的为发生在5号外显子上的c.1456T>G(32例,60.37%),其次为c.1091C>T(14例,26.42%)、1号外显子c.211G>A(6例,11.32%)和c.1198A>C(4例,7.55%)。c.1456T>G位点突变在GS组和CN-2组的频率分别为69.23%和57.5%(9例和23例),2组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组中,其次突变频率较高的为c.1091C>T(4例和10例),2组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。UGT1A1基因单倍型1、3、4在GS组和CN-2组间的频率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。UGT1A1基因的4种主要突变形式,在性别和不同民族间,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论GS组和CN-2组在肝脏系统、肝外系统的临床表现存在不同,UGT1A1基因突变频率最高的为发生在5号外显子上的c.1456T>G。

高产胆盐水解酶乳杆菌的筛选及对新生大鼠黄疸的防治作用

为筛选高产胆盐水解酶的乳杆菌,探究其对新生儿黄疸的防治作用。采用添加了25 U/mL制霉菌素的LBS选择性培养基,从健康新生儿粪便和母乳中筛选乳杆菌并鉴定种类;以鼠李糖乳杆菌LGG为阳性对照,体外评估菌株的益生菌特性;利用盐酸苯肼诱导新生SD大鼠黄疸模型,通过分析血清胆红素水平和肝脏组织的损伤情况,以及肝脏炎症因子、核转录因子的相对表达水平,探究高产胆盐水解酶乳杆菌对新生大鼠黄疸的防治作用及机制。结果表明,来自婴儿粪便的格氏乳杆菌FWJL-5在体外具良好的益生特性,并且产胆盐水解酶能力优于LGG,能够显著缓解新生大鼠胆红素水平升高、肝脏组织肿胀和溶血症状,减少肝脏损伤中肝酶的释放,抑制促炎因子的分泌,促进UGt1A1和上游核转录因子孕烷X受体(pregnane X receptor,pXR)、法尼醇X受体(farnesol X receptor,FXR)的表达。综上所述,婴儿粪便来源的格氏乳杆菌FWJL-5可通过上调核受体FXR/pXR促进UGt1A1表达以调节肝脏胆红素代谢,从而减轻新生大鼠黄疸症状,本研究可为格氏乳杆菌防治新生儿黄疸提供新思路。

胆红素总量/白蛋白比值、听力筛查及MRI-T_(1)WI影像对新生儿急性胆红素脑病的诊断价值

目的:探究胆红素总量/白蛋白比值(B/A)、听力筛查及磁共振成像-T_(1)加权成像(MRI-T_(1)WI)对新生儿急性胆红素脑病(ABE)的诊断价值。方法:选取2013年6月—2023年6月于太仓市第一人民医院接受治疗的136例新生儿高胆红素血症(NHB)患儿作为研究对象,根据是否并发ABE分为并发组(n=42)和对照组(n=94)。对比两组的临床资料、B/A水平、听力筛查结果、苍白球T_(1)WI信号强度,对单因素分析有意义的指标进行多因素logistic回归分析,采用ROC曲线分析其对新生儿ABE的诊断价值。结果:并发组总血清胆红素(TSB)峰值、B/A水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。并发组初筛听力异常率为38.10%,复筛听力异常率为35.71%,均高于对照组的18.09%、8.51%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。并发组苍白球与额叶脑皮质T_(1)WI信号强度比值(G/Gr)水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析显示,B/A、听力异常和G/Gr水平表达均为影响NHB患儿并发ABE的独立危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,B/A、G/Gr、听力异常及三者联合检测NHB患儿并发ABE的AUC值分别为0.773、0.652、0.754、0.863,有较高诊断价值,且联合诊断价值最高(P<0.05)。结论:ABE患儿中B/A、听力异常和G/Gr表达水平明显升高,三者单独和联合检测NHB患儿并发ABE均有较高诊断价值,其中三者联合诊断效果最佳。