An Evaluation of the Coupling Coordination of Technological Innovation System in China’s Marine Biopharmaceutical Industry

The marine biopharmaceutical industry(MBI)has been considered as an important part of the blue economy.The high-quality development of this industry depends on the high-level coordinated development of technological innovation system(TIS).In the present study,the coupling mechanism of industrial innovation input subsystem and innovation output subsystem was analyzed for the first time.On this basis,the development level and coupling coordination level of TIS in China’s MBI during 2008-2018 were empirically evaluated with the capacity coupling coordination model.Then,the obstacle factors were diagnosed and recognized with the obstacle model.The results showed that the innovation input index fluctuated at a low level in China’s MBI.The innovation output index has basically maintained a growth trend,whereas the quality of development was not high.Although the coupling coordination level of TIS showed a positive change as mild disordered→primary coordinated→well-coordinated,the development type of innovation system has changed from the lagging output of innovation into the lagging input of innovation.Insufficient input of innovation factors remained the main obstacle to the improvement of coordination level.Based on the above analysis,suggestions were put forward from the perspectives of policy and fund guarantees to improve the coupling coordination level in China’s MBI.

Analysis of Technological Opportunities in Liaoning Biopharmaceutical Industry from the Perspective of Innovation Subject

Objective To provide suggestions for supporting the key innovation subjects in Liaoning biopharmaceutical industry and selecting high quality cooperation partners from other provinces and cities.Methods Through statistical analysis of the invention patent data of biological pharmaceutical industry in Liaoning Province and other provinces,Excel was used to draw charts and to identify technical opportunities and other provinces.Then the innovation subjects in Liaoning Province and other provinces were studied separately to realize these opportunities.That is,the high quality partners from other provinces were selected for key innovative subjects in Liaoning Province.Results and Conclusion The key innovation subjects in the core technology field of Liaoning biopharmaceutical industry are Shenyang Agricultural University and Dalian University of Technology,which can be supported by emphasis.Their high quality partners in Beijing,Jiangsu Province and Guangdong Province are China Agricultural University,Jiangnan University and South China Agricultural University respectively.

Research on the Status Quo and Countermeasures of Patent Application in Liaoning Biopharmaceutical Industry Based on Patent Map

Objective To study the patent map and the relevant theories of the patent development of biopharmaceutical industry for conducting a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the problems in patent application in Liaoning biopharmaceutical industry.Methods Literature review,information visualization method,empirical analysis method and comparative analysis method were used to research the problems in the patent application.Results and Conclusion While developing biopharmaceutical industry,Liaoning provincial government should strengthen the protection of pharmaceutical patents,creating a new R&D mode of“university+research institutes+enterprises+individuals”to broaden the scope of technical fields.Then,its biopharmaceutical industry will be developed in an all-round way.Besides,it should closely follow the national development direction so that the biopharmaceutical industry in Liaoning Province will have a bright future.

Estimating the Three-Stage Cost Malmquist Productivity Index in the Taiwan Biotech and Biopharmaceutical Industry

This paper estimates and decomposes the output-oriented three-stage cost Malmquist productivity index of the Taiwan Residents biotech and biopharmaceutical （B＆BP） industry in 2004-2007 periods. The empirical estimations proceed in three stages. Following the methodology of Yang and Huang （2009） with the assumption of variable return to scale （VRS） in the first stage, the original cost Malmquist productivity index （CM） is decomposed into five sources of productivity change： pure technical efficiency change, technical change, allocative efficiency change （AEC）, input-price effect, and cost scale efficiency change. The method of Yang and Huang （2009） is an excellent contribution, but it did not deal with the exogenous environmental variables and noises. In the second stage, the original input variables are adjusted by the exogenous environmental variables. Finally, adjusted input variables produced by the second stage are reused for obtaining the reality of CM in the third stage.

Research on the Countermeasures for the Development of Biopharmaceutical Industrial Parks in China

Objective To systematically analyze the current development status of biopharmaceutical industrial park in China,sort out the problems and put forward some countermeasures and suggestions.Methods Relevant literature was searched and reviewed to find out the problems faced by the development of biopharmaceutical industrial parks in China.Results and Conclusion Biopharmaceutical industrial parks are developing rapidly due to their unique industrial clustering advantages,but there are problems such as lack of overall planning at the top level,insufficient government support,imperfect talent support services and weak innovation capacity of the parks.It is recommended to promote the rapid development of biopharmaceutical industrial parks and biopharmaceutical enterprises by strengthening top-level design,increasing government support,focusing on talent introduction,and enhancing the innovative strength of the parks.

State-Company Institutional Complementarities on Biomedical R & D in the US and Its Global Consequences

Financial accumulation and technological dominance by transnational biopharmaceutical companies-and its global consequences-have been an important research topic at innovation economics,institutional economics,and interational political economy literature.The United States is a privileged field for investigation,as it is home both for the companies that control the core of this industry and for the highest State-led investments on biomedical research and development(R&D).New analytical approaches that focus on State-Company interactions identify dysfiunctional relations on risks and rewards.However,a neglected angle on this debate is the geopolitical dynamics surrounding market concentration,knowledge control,and technological asymmetry in the biopharmaceutical sector.This paper combines a qualitative analysis of State-Company institutional complementarities in the biopharmaceutical sector,comprised by analysis of selected official documents,review of empirical data and a case study,with a theoretical investigation inspired on the institutional thought of Torstein Veblen,the structuralism of Susan Strange and the realistic approach to intemnational political economy of Jose Luis Fiori.We propose a new analytical framework in which State-Company interactions in the US are seen as symbiotic,taken under the systemic fiunctioning of a"medical-technological-financial-complex",what suggests"biopharmaceutical geopolitics"as an important feld for future studies.