The Noether symmetry and the conserved quantity of a fractional Birkhoffian system are studied within the Riemann–Liouville fractional derivatives. Firstly, the fractional Birkhoff's equations and the corresponding ...The Noether symmetry and the conserved quantity of a fractional Birkhoffian system are studied within the Riemann–Liouville fractional derivatives. Firstly, the fractional Birkhoff's equations and the corresponding transversality conditions are given. Secondly, from special to general forms, Noether's theorems of a standard Birhoffian system are given, which provide an approach and theoretical basis for the further research on the Noether symmetry of the fractional Birkhoffian system. Thirdly, the invariances of the fractional Pfaffian action under a special one-parameter group of infinitesimal transformations without transforming the time and a general one-parameter group of infinitesimal transformations with transforming the time are studied, respectively, and the corresponding Noether's theorems are established. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the application of the results.展开更多
The system described by the generalized Birkhoff equations is called a generalized Birkhoffian system. In this paper, the condition under which the generalized Birkhoffian system can be a gradient system is given. The...The system described by the generalized Birkhoff equations is called a generalized Birkhoffian system. In this paper, the condition under which the generalized Birkhoffian system can be a gradient system is given. The stability of equilibrium of the generalized Birkhoffian system is discussed by using the properties of the gradient system. When there is a parameter in the equations, its influences on the stability and the bifurcation problem of the system are considered.展开更多
The skew-gradient representation of a generalized Birkhoffian system is studied. A condition under which the generalized Birkhoffian system can be considered as a skew-gradient system is obtained. The properties of th...The skew-gradient representation of a generalized Birkhoffian system is studied. A condition under which the generalized Birkhoffian system can be considered as a skew-gradient system is obtained. The properties of the skew-gradient system are used to study the properties, especially the stability, of the generalized Birkhoffian system. Some examples are given to illustrate the application of the result.展开更多
This paper focuses on studying the Poisson theory and the integration method of a Birkhoffian system in the event space. The Birkhoff's equations in the event space are given. The Poisson theory of the Birkhoffian sy...This paper focuses on studying the Poisson theory and the integration method of a Birkhoffian system in the event space. The Birkhoff's equations in the event space are given. The Poisson theory of the Birkhoffian system in the event space is established. The definition of the Jacobi last multiplier of the system is given, and the relation between the Jacobi last multiplier and the first integrals of the system is discussed. The researches show that for a Birkhoffian system in the event space, whose configuration is determined by (2n + 1) Birkhoff's variables, the solution of the system can be found by the Jacobi last multiplier if 2n first integrals are known. An example is given to illustrate the application of the results.展开更多
The problem on the stability of motion for a generalized Birkhoffian system was studied. The disturbed equations of motion and their first approximation for the system were established. The criterion of stability of m...The problem on the stability of motion for a generalized Birkhoffian system was studied. The disturbed equations of motion and their first approximation for the system were established. The criterion of stability of motion for the system was set up by using Liapunov's first approximation theory. Based on the theory of Noether symmetry,the Liapunov's function was constructed,and the criterion of stability of motion for the system was also set up by using Liapunov's direct method. Two examples were given to illustrate the application of the results.展开更多
The Noether symmetries and the conserved quantities for generalized Birkhoffian systems with time delay are studied.Firstly,the generalized Pfaff-Birkhoff principle with time delay is proposed,and the generalized Birk...The Noether symmetries and the conserved quantities for generalized Birkhoffian systems with time delay are studied.Firstly,the generalized Pfaff-Birkhoff principle with time delay is proposed,and the generalized Birkhoff's equations with time delay are obtained.Secondly,the generalized Noether quasi-symmetric transformations of the system are defined,and the criterion of the Noether symmetries is established.Then the Noether theorem for generalized Birkhoffian systems with time delay is established.Finally,by imposing restrictions of constraints on the infinitesimal transformations,the Noether theorem of constrained Birkhoffian systems with time delay is established.One example is given to illustrate the application of the results.展开更多
Conservation laws for the Birkhoffian system and the constrained Birkhoffian system of Herglotz type are studied. We propose a new differential variational principle, called the Pfaff-Birkhoff-d'Alembert principle of...Conservation laws for the Birkhoffian system and the constrained Birkhoffian system of Herglotz type are studied. We propose a new differential variational principle, called the Pfaff-Birkhoff-d'Alembert principle of Herglotz type. Birkhoff's equations for both the Birkhoffian system and the constrained Birkhoffian system of Herglotz type are obtained. According to the relationship between the isochronal variation and the nonisochronal variation, the conditions of the invariance for the Pfaff-Birkhoff-d'Alembert principle of Herglotz type are given. Then, the conserved quantities for the Birkhoffian system and the constrained Birkhoffian system of Herglotz type are deduced. Furthermore, the inverse theorems of the conservation theorems are also established.展开更多
Based on modern differential geometry, the symplectic structure of a Birkhoffian system which is an extension of conservative and nonconservative systems is analyzed. An integral invariant of Poincaré_Cartan...Based on modern differential geometry, the symplectic structure of a Birkhoffian system which is an extension of conservative and nonconservative systems is analyzed. An integral invariant of Poincaré_Cartan's type is constructed for Birkhoffian systems. Finally, one_dimensional damped vibration is taken as an illustrative example and an integral invariant of Poincaré's type is found.展开更多
A form invariance and a conserved quantity of the generalised Birkhoffian system are studied. First, a definition and a criterion of the form invariance are given. Secondly, through the form invariance, a new conserve...A form invariance and a conserved quantity of the generalised Birkhoffian system are studied. First, a definition and a criterion of the form invariance are given. Secondly, through the form invariance, a new conserved quantity can be deduced. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the application of the result.展开更多
This paper is intended to apply the potential integration method to the differential equations of the Birkhoffian system. The method is that, for a given Birkhoffian system, its differential equations are first rewrit...This paper is intended to apply the potential integration method to the differential equations of the Birkhoffian system. The method is that, for a given Birkhoffian system, its differential equations are first rewritten as 2n first-order differential equations. Secondly, the corresponding partial differential equations are obtained by potential integration method and the solution is expressed as a complete integral. Finally, the integral of the system is obtained.展开更多
Based on the concept of discrete adiabatic invariant, this paper studies the perturbation to Mei symmetry and Mei adiabatic invariants of the discrete generalized Birkhoffian system. The discrete Mei exact invariant i...Based on the concept of discrete adiabatic invariant, this paper studies the perturbation to Mei symmetry and Mei adiabatic invariants of the discrete generalized Birkhoffian system. The discrete Mei exact invariant induced from the Mei symmetry of the system without perturbation is given. The criterion of the perturbation to Mei symmetry is established and the discrete Mei adiabatic invariant induced from the perturbation to Mei symmetry is obtained. Meanwhile, an example is discussed to illustrate the application of the results.展开更多
In this paper the conservation theorems of the constrained Birkhoffian systems are studied by using the method of integrating factors. The differential equations of motion of the system are written. The definition of ...In this paper the conservation theorems of the constrained Birkhoffian systems are studied by using the method of integrating factors. The differential equations of motion of the system are written. The definition of integrating factors is given for the system. The necessary conditions for the existence of the conserved quantity for the system are studied. The conservation theorem and its inverse for the system are established. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the application of the results.展开更多
This paper focuses on studying the integration method of a generalized Birkhoffian system.The method of variation on parameters for the dynamical equations of a generalized Birkhoffian system is presented.The procedur...This paper focuses on studying the integration method of a generalized Birkhoffian system.The method of variation on parameters for the dynamical equations of a generalized Birkhoffian system is presented.The procedure for solving the problem can be divided into two steps:the first step,a system of auxiliary equations is constructed and its general solution is given;the second step,the parameters are varied,and the solution of the problem is obtained by using the properties of generalized canonical transformation.The method of variation on parameters for the generalized Birkhoffian system is of universal significance,and we take a nonholonomic system and a nonconservative system as examples to illustrate the application of the results of this paper.展开更多
Compared with the Hamiltonian mechanics and the Lagrangian mechanics,the Birkhoffian mechanics is more general.The Birkhoffian mechanics is discussed on the basis of the generalized fractional operators,which are prop...Compared with the Hamiltonian mechanics and the Lagrangian mechanics,the Birkhoffian mechanics is more general.The Birkhoffian mechanics is discussed on the basis of the generalized fractional operators,which are proposed recently.Therefore,differential equations of motion within generalized fractional operators are established.Then,in order to find the solutions to the differential equations,Noether symmetry,conserved quantity,perturbation to Noether symmetry and adiabatic invariant are investigated.In the end,two applications are given to illustrate the methods and results.展开更多
For a Birkhoffian system in the event space, this paper presents the Routh method of reduction. The parametric equations of the Birkhoffian system in the event space are established, and the definition of cyclic coord...For a Birkhoffian system in the event space, this paper presents the Routh method of reduction. The parametric equations of the Birkhoffian system in the event space are established, and the definition of cyclic coordinates for the system is given and the corresponding cyclic integral is obtained. Through the cyclic integral, the order of the system can be reduced. The Routh functions for the Birkhoffian system in the event space are constructed, and the Routh method of reduction is successfully generalized to the Birkhoffian system in the event space. The results show that if the system has a cyclic integral, then the parametric equations of the system can be reduced at least by two degrees and the form of the equations holds. An example is given to illustrate the application of the results.展开更多
The Noether symmetry, the Mei symmetry and the conserved quantities of discrete generalized Birkhoffian system are studied in this paper. Using the difference discrete variational approach, the difference discrete var...The Noether symmetry, the Mei symmetry and the conserved quantities of discrete generalized Birkhoffian system are studied in this paper. Using the difference discrete variational approach, the difference discrete variational principle of discrete generalized Birkhoffian system is derived. The discrete equations of motion of the system are established. The criterion of Noether symmetry and Mei symmetry of the system is given. The discrete Noether and Mei conserved quantities and the conditions for their existence are obtained. Finally, an example is given to show the applications of the results.展开更多
The form invariance of constrained Birkhoffian system is a kind of invariance of the constrained Birkhoffian equations under infinitesimal transformations. The definition and criteria of the form invariance of constra...The form invariance of constrained Birkhoffian system is a kind of invariance of the constrained Birkhoffian equations under infinitesimal transformations. The definition and criteria of the form invariance of constrained Birkhoffian system are given, and the relation of the form invariance and the Noether symmetry is studied.展开更多
A form invariance of the relativistic Birkhoffian system is studied, and the conserved quantities of the system are obtained. Under the infinitesimal transformation of groups, the definition and criteria of the form i...A form invariance of the relativistic Birkhoffian system is studied, and the conserved quantities of the system are obtained. Under the infinitesimal transformation of groups, the definition and criteria of the form invariance of the system were given. In view of the invariance of relativistic Pfaff_Birkhoff_ D'Alembert principle under the infinitesimal transformation of groups, the theory of Noether symmetries of the relativistic Birkhoffian system were constructed. The relation between the form invariance and the Noether symmetry is studied, and the results show that the form invariance can also lead to the Noether symmetrical conserved quantity of the relativistic Birkhoffian system under certain conditions.展开更多
The perturbation to Lie symmetry and another type of Hojman adiabatic invariants induced from the perturbation to Lie symmetry for Birkhoffian systems are studied. The exact invariants of Lie symmetry for the system w...The perturbation to Lie symmetry and another type of Hojman adiabatic invariants induced from the perturbation to Lie symmetry for Birkhoffian systems are studied. The exact invariants of Lie symmetry for the system without perturbation are given. Based on the concept of adiabatic invariant, the perturbation to Lie symmetry is discussed and another new type of Hojman adiabatic invariants that have the different form from that in [Acta Phys. Sin. 55 3833] for the perturbed system are obtained.展开更多
The Birkhoff systems are the generalization of the Hamiltonian systems. Generalized canonical transformations are studied. The symplectic algorithm of the Hamiltonian systems is extended into that of the Birkhofflan s...The Birkhoff systems are the generalization of the Hamiltonian systems. Generalized canonical transformations are studied. The symplectic algorithm of the Hamiltonian systems is extended into that of the Birkhofflan systems. Symplectic differential scheme of autonomous Birkhoffian systems vas structured and discussed by introducing the Kailey Transformation.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10972151 and 11272227the Innovation Program for Postgraduate in Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.CXZZ11 0949)
文摘The Noether symmetry and the conserved quantity of a fractional Birkhoffian system are studied within the Riemann–Liouville fractional derivatives. Firstly, the fractional Birkhoff's equations and the corresponding transversality conditions are given. Secondly, from special to general forms, Noether's theorems of a standard Birhoffian system are given, which provide an approach and theoretical basis for the further research on the Noether symmetry of the fractional Birkhoffian system. Thirdly, the invariances of the fractional Pfaffian action under a special one-parameter group of infinitesimal transformations without transforming the time and a general one-parameter group of infinitesimal transformations with transforming the time are studied, respectively, and the corresponding Noether's theorems are established. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the application of the results.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11272050)
文摘The system described by the generalized Birkhoff equations is called a generalized Birkhoffian system. In this paper, the condition under which the generalized Birkhoffian system can be a gradient system is given. The stability of equilibrium of the generalized Birkhoffian system is discussed by using the properties of the gradient system. When there is a parameter in the equations, its influences on the stability and the bifurcation problem of the system are considered.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11272050)
文摘The skew-gradient representation of a generalized Birkhoffian system is studied. A condition under which the generalized Birkhoffian system can be considered as a skew-gradient system is obtained. The properties of the skew-gradient system are used to study the properties, especially the stability, of the generalized Birkhoffian system. Some examples are given to illustrate the application of the result.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.10972151)
文摘This paper focuses on studying the Poisson theory and the integration method of a Birkhoffian system in the event space. The Birkhoff's equations in the event space are given. The Poisson theory of the Birkhoffian system in the event space is established. The definition of the Jacobi last multiplier of the system is given, and the relation between the Jacobi last multiplier and the first integrals of the system is discussed. The researches show that for a Birkhoffian system in the event space, whose configuration is determined by (2n + 1) Birkhoff's variables, the solution of the system can be found by the Jacobi last multiplier if 2n first integrals are known. An example is given to illustrate the application of the results.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China( 10972151)the Natural Science Foundation of Higher Education Institution of Jiangsu Province,China ( 08KJB130002)
文摘The problem on the stability of motion for a generalized Birkhoffian system was studied. The disturbed equations of motion and their first approximation for the system were established. The criterion of stability of motion for the system was set up by using Liapunov's first approximation theory. Based on the theory of Noether symmetry,the Liapunov's function was constructed,and the criterion of stability of motion for the system was also set up by using Liapunov's direct method. Two examples were given to illustrate the application of the results.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.11572212,11272227)
文摘The Noether symmetries and the conserved quantities for generalized Birkhoffian systems with time delay are studied.Firstly,the generalized Pfaff-Birkhoff principle with time delay is proposed,and the generalized Birkhoff's equations with time delay are obtained.Secondly,the generalized Noether quasi-symmetric transformations of the system are defined,and the criterion of the Noether symmetries is established.Then the Noether theorem for generalized Birkhoffian systems with time delay is established.Finally,by imposing restrictions of constraints on the infinitesimal transformations,the Noether theorem of constrained Birkhoffian systems with time delay is established.One example is given to illustrate the application of the results.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11572212 and 11272227)the Innovation Program for Postgraduate in Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.KYZZ16-0479)the Innovation Program for Postgraduate of Suzhou University of Science and Technology,China(Grant No.SKCX16-058)
文摘Conservation laws for the Birkhoffian system and the constrained Birkhoffian system of Herglotz type are studied. We propose a new differential variational principle, called the Pfaff-Birkhoff-d'Alembert principle of Herglotz type. Birkhoff's equations for both the Birkhoffian system and the constrained Birkhoffian system of Herglotz type are obtained. According to the relationship between the isochronal variation and the nonisochronal variation, the conditions of the invariance for the Pfaff-Birkhoff-d'Alembert principle of Herglotz type are given. Then, the conserved quantities for the Birkhoffian system and the constrained Birkhoffian system of Herglotz type are deduced. Furthermore, the inverse theorems of the conservation theorems are also established.
基金国家自然科学基金,国家自然科学基金,国家自然科学基金,Science Research Foundation of Liaoning Educational Committee of China
文摘Based on modern differential geometry, the symplectic structure of a Birkhoffian system which is an extension of conservative and nonconservative systems is analyzed. An integral invariant of Poincaré_Cartan's type is constructed for Birkhoffian systems. Finally, one_dimensional damped vibration is taken as an illustrative example and an integral invariant of Poincaré's type is found.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10772025,10932002)the Beijing Municipal Key Disciplines Fund for General Mechanics and Foundation of Mechanics
文摘A form invariance and a conserved quantity of the generalised Birkhoffian system are studied. First, a definition and a criterion of the form invariance are given. Secondly, through the form invariance, a new conserved quantity can be deduced. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the application of the result.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 10572021 and 10772025)
文摘This paper is intended to apply the potential integration method to the differential equations of the Birkhoffian system. The method is that, for a given Birkhoffian system, its differential equations are first rewritten as 2n first-order differential equations. Secondly, the corresponding partial differential equations are obtained by potential integration method and the solution is expressed as a complete integral. Finally, the integral of the system is obtained.
基金Project supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (Grant No. 09CX04018A)
文摘Based on the concept of discrete adiabatic invariant, this paper studies the perturbation to Mei symmetry and Mei adiabatic invariants of the discrete generalized Birkhoffian system. The discrete Mei exact invariant induced from the Mei symmetry of the system without perturbation is given. The criterion of the perturbation to Mei symmetry is established and the discrete Mei adiabatic invariant induced from the perturbation to Mei symmetry is obtained. Meanwhile, an example is discussed to illustrate the application of the results.
基金Project supported by the Heilongjiang Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 9507)
文摘In this paper the conservation theorems of the constrained Birkhoffian systems are studied by using the method of integrating factors. The differential equations of motion of the system are written. The definition of integrating factors is given for the system. The necessary conditions for the existence of the conserved quantity for the system are studied. The conservation theorem and its inverse for the system are established. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the application of the results.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10972151)
文摘This paper focuses on studying the integration method of a generalized Birkhoffian system.The method of variation on parameters for the dynamical equations of a generalized Birkhoffian system is presented.The procedure for solving the problem can be divided into two steps:the first step,a system of auxiliary equations is constructed and its general solution is given;the second step,the parameters are varied,and the solution of the problem is obtained by using the properties of generalized canonical transformation.The method of variation on parameters for the generalized Birkhoffian system is of universal significance,and we take a nonholonomic system and a nonconservative system as examples to illustrate the application of the results of this paper.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(Grants 11802193 and 11972241)the Natural Sci-ence Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant BK20191454)the Young Scientific and Technological Talents Promotion Project of Suzhou Association for Science and Technology.
文摘Compared with the Hamiltonian mechanics and the Lagrangian mechanics,the Birkhoffian mechanics is more general.The Birkhoffian mechanics is discussed on the basis of the generalized fractional operators,which are proposed recently.Therefore,differential equations of motion within generalized fractional operators are established.Then,in order to find the solutions to the differential equations,Noether symmetry,conserved quantity,perturbation to Noether symmetry and adiabatic invariant are investigated.In the end,two applications are given to illustrate the methods and results.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Higher Education Institution of Jiangsu Province, China (Grant Nos 04KJA130135 and 08KJB130002)
文摘For a Birkhoffian system in the event space, this paper presents the Routh method of reduction. The parametric equations of the Birkhoffian system in the event space are established, and the definition of cyclic coordinates for the system is given and the corresponding cyclic integral is obtained. Through the cyclic integral, the order of the system can be reduced. The Routh functions for the Birkhoffian system in the event space are constructed, and the Routh method of reduction is successfully generalized to the Birkhoffian system in the event space. The results show that if the system has a cyclic integral, then the parametric equations of the system can be reduced at least by two degrees and the form of the equations holds. An example is given to illustrate the application of the results.
基金Project supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (Grant No. 09CX04018A)
文摘The Noether symmetry, the Mei symmetry and the conserved quantities of discrete generalized Birkhoffian system are studied in this paper. Using the difference discrete variational approach, the difference discrete variational principle of discrete generalized Birkhoffian system is derived. The discrete equations of motion of the system are established. The criterion of Noether symmetry and Mei symmetry of the system is given. The discrete Noether and Mei conserved quantities and the conditions for their existence are obtained. Finally, an example is given to show the applications of the results.
文摘The form invariance of constrained Birkhoffian system is a kind of invariance of the constrained Birkhoffian equations under infinitesimal transformations. The definition and criteria of the form invariance of constrained Birkhoffian system are given, and the relation of the form invariance and the Noether symmetry is studied.
文摘A form invariance of the relativistic Birkhoffian system is studied, and the conserved quantities of the system are obtained. Under the infinitesimal transformation of groups, the definition and criteria of the form invariance of the system were given. In view of the invariance of relativistic Pfaff_Birkhoff_ D'Alembert principle under the infinitesimal transformation of groups, the theory of Noether symmetries of the relativistic Birkhoffian system were constructed. The relation between the form invariance and the Noether symmetry is studied, and the results show that the form invariance can also lead to the Noether symmetrical conserved quantity of the relativistic Birkhoffian system under certain conditions.
基金Project partially supported by the Young Personnel Innovation Foundation of Binzhou University, China (Grant No BZXYQNLG200715)the Experimentation and Technology Foundation of Binzhou University, China (Grant No BZXYSYXM200702)
文摘The perturbation to Lie symmetry and another type of Hojman adiabatic invariants induced from the perturbation to Lie symmetry for Birkhoffian systems are studied. The exact invariants of Lie symmetry for the system without perturbation are given. Based on the concept of adiabatic invariant, the perturbation to Lie symmetry is discussed and another new type of Hojman adiabatic invariants that have the different form from that in [Acta Phys. Sin. 55 3833] for the perturbed system are obtained.
基金Foundation items:the National Natural Science Foundation of Cina(19990510)Planed item for distinguished teacher invested by Ministry of Education PRC
文摘The Birkhoff systems are the generalization of the Hamiltonian systems. Generalized canonical transformations are studied. The symplectic algorithm of the Hamiltonian systems is extended into that of the Birkhofflan systems. Symplectic differential scheme of autonomous Birkhoffian systems vas structured and discussed by introducing the Kailey Transformation.