Low Bit Rate Underwater Video Image Compression and Coding Method Based on Wavelet Decomposition

In view of the limited bandwidth of underwater video image transmission,a low bit rate underwater video compression coding method is proposed.Based on the preprocessing process of wavelet transform and coefficient down-sampling,the visual redundancy of underwater image is removed and the computational coefficients and coding bits are reduced.At the same time,combined with multi-level wavelet decomposition,inter frame motion compensation,entropy coding and other methods,according to the characteristics of different types of frame image data,reduce the number of calculations and improve the coding efficiency.The experimental results show that the reconstructed image quality can meet the visual requirements,and the average compression ratio of underwater video can meet the requirements of underwater acoustic channel transmission rate.

Achieving high bit rate logical stochastic resonance in a bistable system by adjusting parameters

The phenomenon of logical stochastic resonance （LSR） in a nonlinear bistable system is demonstrated by numerical simulations and experiments. However, the bit rates of the logical signals are relatively low and not suitable for practical applications. First, we examine the responses of the bistable system with fixed parameters to different bit rate logic input signals, showing that an arbitrary high bit rate LSR in a bistable system cannot be achieved. Then, a normalized transform of the LSR bistable system is introduced through a kind of variable substitution. Based on the transform, it is found that LSR for arbitrary high bit rate logic signals in a bistable system can be achieved by adjusting the parameters of the system, setting bias value and amplifying the amplitudes of logic input signals and noise properly. Finally, the desired OR and AND logic outputs to high bit rate logic inputs in a bistable system are obtained by numerical simulations. The study might provide higher feasibility of LSR in practical engineering applications.

Very Low Bit-Rate Video Coding Based on Wavelet Transform

Two video coding schemes based on wavelet transform achieving very low bit rate are presented in this paper. The first is a hybrid motion compensated wavelet transform(MC WT)system which behaves better at very low bit rates than the block DCT residual coder. The second is a new efficient coding system based on a simple frame differencing wavelet transform(FD WT)which performs well in both PSNR and visual quality with substantially reduced complexity.

Variable Bit Rate Fuzzy Control for Low Delay Video Coding

Rate control plays a critical role in achieving perceivable video quality under a variable bit rate,limited buffer sizes and low delay applications.Since a rate control system exhibits non-linear and unpredictable characteristics,it is difficult to establish a very accurate rate-distortion(R-D)model and acquire effective rate control performance.Considering the excellent control ability and low computing complexity of the fuzzy logic in non-linear systems,this paper proposes a bitrate control algorithm based on a fuzzy controller,named the Fuzzy Rate Control Algorithm(FRCA),for All-Intra(AI)and low-delay(LD)video source coding.Contributions of the proposed FRCA mainly consist of four aspects.First,fuzzy logic is adopted to minimize the deviation between the actual and the target buffer size in the hypothetical reference decoder(HRD).Second,a fast lookup table is employed in fuzzy rate control,which reduces computing cost of the control process.Third,an input domain determination scheme is proposed to improve the precision of the fuzzy controller.Fourth,a novel scene change detection is introduced and integrated in the FRCA to adaptively adjust the Group-of-Pictures(GOP)length when the source content fluctuates.The FRCA can be transplanted and implemented in various industry coders.Extensive experiments show that the FRCA has accurate variable bit-rate control ability and maintains a steady buffer size during the encoding processes.Compared with the default configuration encoding under AI and LD,the proposed FRCA can achieve the target bit rates more accurately in various classical encoders.

Very Low Bit Rate Video Coding Using Motion Compensated 3 D Wavelet Transform

A new motion compensated 3 D wavelet transform (MC 3DWT) video coding scheme is presented in this paper. The new coding scheme has a good performance in average PSNR, compression ratio and visual quality of reconstructions compared with the existing 3 D wavelet transform (3DWT) coding methods and motion compensated 2 D wavelet transform (MC WT) coding method. The new MC 3DWT coding scheme is suitable for very low bit rate video coding.

3-D Wavelet Transform for Very Low Bit-Rate Video Coding

A new improved Goh's 3 D wavelet transform(WT) coding scheme is presented in this paper. The new scheme has great advantages including a simple code structure, low computation cost and good performance in PSNR, compression ratios and visual quality of reconstructions, when compared to the other existing 3 D WT coding methods and the 2 D WT based coding methods. The new 3 D WT coding scheme is suitable for very low bit rate video coding.

Rate Control for MPEG-4 Bit Stream

For a very long time video processing dealt exclusively with fixed-rate sequences of rectangular shaped images. However, interest has been recently moving toward a more flexible concept in which the subject of the processing and encoding operations is a set of visual elements organized in both time and space in a flexible and arbitrarily complex way. The moving picture experts group (MPEG- 4) standard supports this concept and its verification model (VM) encoder has adopted scalable rate control (SRC) as the rate control scheme, which is based on the spatial domain and compatible with constant bit rate (CBR) and variable bit rate (VBR). In this paper,a new rate control algorithm based on the DCT domain instead of the pixel domain is presented. More-(over), macroblock level rate control scheme to compute the quantization step for each macroblock has been adopted. The experimental results show that the new algorithm can achieve a much better result than the original one in both peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and the coding bits, and that the new algorithm is more flexible than test model 5 (TM5) rate control algorithm.

DESIGN ISSUES FOR BIT RATE-ADAPTIVE 3R O/E/O TRANSPONDER IN INTELLIGENT OPTICAL NETWORKS

This paper reported the design and implementation of a bit rate adaptive Optical Electronic Optical(O/E/O)transponder accomplishing almost full data rate transparency up to 2.5 Gb/s with 3R(Reamplifying,Reshaping and Retiming)processing in electronic domain.Based on the chipsets performing clock recovery in several continuous bit rate ranges,a clock and data regenerating circuit self adaptive to the bit rate of input signal was developed.Key design issues were presented,laying stress on the functional building blocks and scheme for the bit rate adaptive retiming circuit.The experimental results show a good scalability performance.

Enhancement of Voice Quality and Bit-rate Reduction by Prosodic Control in G.723.1 Vocoder

Speech coding techniques have been studied not truly to reduce the complexity and bit rate but also to improve the sound quality. CELP type vocoder, used as standard, supports the great stead quality even low bit rate. In this paper, the preprocessing of input speech to reduce the bit rate is different from the conventional vocoder. Different kinds of parameter are used for the preprocessing compared with the other parameters to t＇md the more appropriate parameter for the vocoder. The Parameters are used to synthesize the speech not to encode or decode for coding technique so we proposed the simple algorithm not to have the influence on the processing time or the computation time. The parameters in the preprocessing step are speaking rate, duration, and PSOLA technique.

Bit Rate Reduction in Cloud Gaming Using Object Detection Technique

The past two decades witnessed a broad-increase in web technology and on-line gaming.Enhancing the broadband confinements is viewed as one of the most significant variables that prompted new gaming technology.The immense utilization of web applications and games additionally prompted growth in the handled devices and moving the limited gaming experience from user devices to online cloud servers.As internet capabilities are enhanced new ways of gaming are being used to improve the gaming experience.In cloud-based video gaming,game engines are hosted in cloud gaming data centers,and compressed gaming scenes are rendered to the players over the internet with updated controls.In such systems,the task of transferring games and video compression imposes huge computational complexity is required on cloud servers.The basic problems in cloud gaming in particular are high encoding time,latency,and low frame rates which require a new methodology for a better solution.To improve the bandwidth issue in cloud games,the compression of video sequences requires an alternative mechanism to improve gaming adaption without input delay.In this paper,the proposed improved methodology is used for automatic unnecessary scene detection,scene removing and bit rate reduction using an adaptive algorithm for object detection in a game scene.As a result,simulations showed without much impact on the players’quality experience,the selective object encoding method and object adaption technique decrease the network latency issue,reduce the game streaming bitrate at a remarkable scale on different games.The proposed algorithm was evaluated for three video game scenes.In this paper,achieved 14.6%decrease in encoding and 45.6%decrease in bit rate for the first video game scene.

An Improved SPIHT Algorithm for Image Compression in Low Bit Rate

Aiming at shortage of the SPIHT algorithm, an improved image compression algorithm is proposed, in order to overcome the shortcomings of decoding image quality and coding time, LS9/7 lifting wavelet transform is adopted. According to the characteristics of the human visual system (HVS), the scanning mode and the method to determine the threshold of algorithm are changed to improve the quality of reconstruction image. On the question of repeating scan of SPIHT algorithm, using maximum list thought, greatly reduce the computation and save operating time. The experimental results have proved that the improved algorithm of image decoding time and the quality of reconstruction images are better than the original algorithm , especially in the case of low bit rate.

AN EFFICIENT BIT RATE ALLOCATION ALGORITHM FOR MOTION JPEG2000 TRANSPORT IN TILE ENCODING

An efficient bit rate allocation algorithm for video sequence transmission in motion JPEG2000 is presented. In many cases,the moving portions of video are often the interested regions. Based on tile encoding of JPEG2000,the important regions are discerned by two parameters. One is the complexity of a tile;the other is the motion activity of a tile. Thus an adaptive rate-allocation is re-alized in a lower complexity and the perceptive quality of a frame is improved. Experimental results show the effectiveness of this algorithm.

ZTE IPTV Low Bit Rate High Definition Transcoding Solution Nominated for Global IPTV Industry Award

ZTE Corporation announced on 1 March that its innovative IPTVlowbitrate highdefinition transcoding solution has been nominated for the World＇s Best Component or Enabler Award by the IPTV World Forum. The ZTE solution is on display at the Mobile World Congress 2012 （MWC 2012） in Barcelona.

AVariablebitrateVideoCodingSchemeBasedonMorphologicalOperationsforATMNetworks

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100-112 Gbit/s complete ETDM systems based on monolithically integrated transmitter and receiver modules

Traditional intensity modulated two-level electrical time-division multiplexing （ETDM） transmission systems working at 100 -112 Gbit/s were investigated. The complete ETDM systems based on monolithically integrated transmitter and receiver modules were demonstrated with biterror-rate （BER） performance of 10-s at 107 Gbit/s, and near error-free standard forward error correction （FEC） threshold （2 × 10 -3） at 112 Gbit/s. The experiment results showed that directly modulated high-speed ETDM transmission systems with the symbol rates at 100 Gbaud and beyond were promising candidate for cost-effective 100 GbE applications and might be a preform of the next generation of Terabit/s Ethernet.

诊断间歇故障降低BIT虚警

间歇故障的存在及影响是产生BIT(Built-inTest)虚警的一个重要原因.为降低间歇故障引起的虚警,提出一种三状态方法,利用双阈值来区分系统的正常、间歇、永久故障三种状态,并分析得到间歇故障对BIT影响的定量关系.与传统两状态方法相比,基于三状态方法的BIT通过诊断间歇故障,不仅有效地抑制间歇故障引起的虚警,而且还能提高故障检测率.

32×10Gbit密集波分复用系统仿真

分析了DWDM技术及系统的设计原理,在此基础上,给出了基于Optisystem的DWDM光传输链路仿真模型的搭建,对复用及解复用后的光信号进行仿真得出光谱图,对链路传输性能及Q因子、误码率、眼图的等参数进行分析,并验证了波分复用系统的正确性和设计方案的可行性,近而得出相关结论。

基于阵列域大尺度衰落模型的1-bit大规模MIMO系统性能的分析

该文研究在阵列域大尺度衰落模型下,基站端天线仅仅配备了1-bit精度的模数转换器时大规模MIMO系统的性能。首先给出了系统采用最大比合并接收机时,用户上行可达速率的闭式表达式。然后分析了1-bit系统的功率效率性能,并将该1-bit系统与传统的具有无穷精度模数转换器的系统性能相比较。通过计算机仿真验证了该文的分析结果。该文指出基站端可以安装更多的天线来弥补1-bit精度的模数转换器所造成的性能损失。

鱼雷自导系统BIT设计与分析

机内测试(BIT)是一种仅依靠自身内部硬件及软件实现系统测试的技术,鱼雷自导系统机内测试技术是改善鱼雷测试性、维修性和故障诊断能力的重要途径。该文介绍了一种用于鱼雷自导系统采用集中式BIT结构和板内ROM式BIT的软硬件设计的BIT技术,定性分析了其主要功能、结构划分和设计依据,给出了检测流程图,并指出了多条有效降低BIT结构虚警的途径。根据文章给出的测试性预计方法,对该系统的分析预计可知,该自导系统BIT具有较高的故障检测率,符合设计要求。