[ Objective ] The paper was to confirm the effect of mating and black light treatment on cryptochromes mRNA expression of Hclicoverpa armigera. [ Method ] Quantitative real-time PCR （ SYBR Green） technique was appli...[ Objective ] The paper was to confirm the effect of mating and black light treatment on cryptochromes mRNA expression of Hclicoverpa armigera. [ Method ] Quantitative real-time PCR （ SYBR Green） technique was applied to detect the expression of cryptochromes gene （ cryl and cry2 ） of H. armigera under different conditions. Total RNA was extracted from the head of H. armigera, and carried out reverse transcription to synthesize cDNA after digested by DNase I. Specific primers were used to carry out quantitative real-time PCR on cryl, cry2 and EF-Ict gene, respectively. [ Result] The expression of cryl mRNA of H. ar- migera significantly decreased after exposure to black light for 2 h, the mRNA expression of cry2 was smaller than control, they had no significant difference with each other. Mating had significant effect on mRNA expression of cryl and cry2 of H. armigera, and the mRNA expression of cryl and cry2 of male and female adults showed decreasing trend with the prolongation of time after mating. [ Conclusion] The result had important significance for further studying on function of cry gene and the control of cotton bollwonn.展开更多
The goal of this research is to explore the effects of black hole singularities. Methodology is to start with large objects like galaxies and continue to smaller objects within our solar neighbourhood. High-redshift o...The goal of this research is to explore the effects of black hole singularities. Methodology is to start with large objects like galaxies and continue to smaller objects within our solar neighbourhood. High-redshift observations from the James Webb Space Telescope reveal that distant galaxies and their central black holes formed shortly after the Big Bang. An innovation about the speed of light explains how supermassive black holes could have formed primordially. Predictions of Hawking radiation include the possibility of black holes contributing to the energy of stars such as the Sun. Black holes have also been suggested as a source of radiation and magnetic fields in giant planets. Observations of Enceladus raise the possibility that this moon and other objects near Saturn’s Rings contain small singularities. Extrapolations of this methodology indicate that black holes could exist within solar system bodies including planets. Extended discussion describes how their presence could explain mysteries of internal heat, planetary magnetic fields, and processes of solar system formation.展开更多
In order to improve the visibility for outside use of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), the polarized film and black matrix pattern have been used in the small and medium sized OLEDs;however, these cause problem ...In order to improve the visibility for outside use of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), the polarized film and black matrix pattern have been used in the small and medium sized OLEDs;however, these cause problem of reducing the emission efficiency of OLED. Changing the color of pixel define layer (PDL) from brown to black is an important point for improving the efficiency and visibility of OLEDs. In this work we studied the photoresist material containing black pigment and the photolithographic process for patterning of black PDL on OLEDs. The black PDL patterns made with our synthesized polyimides as thermal stabilizer were found to give high thermal stability over 300°C.展开更多
Light-absorbing impurities on glaciers are important factors that influence glacial surface albedo and accelerate glacier melt. In this study, the quantity of light-absorbing impurities on Keqikaer Glacier in western ...Light-absorbing impurities on glaciers are important factors that influence glacial surface albedo and accelerate glacier melt. In this study, the quantity of light-absorbing impurities on Keqikaer Glacier in western Tien Shan, Central Asia, was measured. We found that the average concentrations of black carbon was 2,180 ng/g, with a range from 250 ng/g to more than 10,000 ng/g. The average concentrations of organic carbon and mineral dust were 1,738 ng/g and 194 μg/g, respectively. Based on simulations performed with the Snow Ice Aerosol Radiative model simulations, black carbon and dust are responsible for approximately 64% and 9%, respectively, of the albedo reduction, and are associated with instantaneous radiative forcing of 323.18 W/m2(ranging from 142.16 to 619.25 W/m2) and 24.05 W/m2(ranging from 0.15 to69.77 W/m2), respectively. For different scenarios, the albedo and radiative forcing effect of black carbon is considerably greater than that of dust. The estimated radiative forcing at Keqikaer Glacier is higher than most similar values estimated by previous studies on the Tibetan Plateau, perhaps as a result of black carbon enrichment by melt scavenging. Light-absorbing impurities deposited on Keqikaer Glacier appear to mainly originate from central Asia, Siberia, western China(including the Taklimakan Desert) and parts of South Asia in summer, and from the Middle East and Central Asia in winter.A footprint analysis indicates that a large fraction(>60%) of the black carbon contributions on Keqikaer Glacier comes from anthropogenic sources. These results provide a scientific basis for regional mitigation efforts to reduce black carbon.展开更多
From the Schwarzschild metric we obtain the higher-order terms for the deflection of light around a massive object using the Lindstedt-Poincaré method to solve the equation of motion of a photon around the stella...From the Schwarzschild metric we obtain the higher-order terms for the deflection of light around a massive object using the Lindstedt-Poincaré method to solve the equation of motion of a photon around the stellar object. The asymptotic series obtained by this method was obtained up to order 20 in the expansion parameter, and was found to better approximate the numerical solution with higher order terms—a property that can’t be taken for granted for any asymptotic series. Additionally, we obtain diagonal Padé approximants from the perturbation expansion, and we show how these are a better fit for the numerical data than the original formal Taylor series. Furthermore, we use these approximants in ray-tracing algorithms to model the bending of light around massive objects.展开更多
The problem of an adequate description of the transport processes in Bose-Einstein condensates (CBE), including space-temporal evolution of CBE in a gravitational field is considered. The full nonlocal system for the ...The problem of an adequate description of the transport processes in Bose-Einstein condensates (CBE), including space-temporal evolution of CBE in a gravitational field is considered. The full nonlocal system for the CBE evolution is delivered including particular case and analytical solutions. We show (analytically) that a black hole can evolve in the Bose-Einstein condensate (CBE) regime. At the same time, there are modes in which black hole flickering occurs. Quantization of the black holes flickering is discovered. The corresponding nonlocal hydrodynamic equations indicated for fermions gas.展开更多
Black Holes absorb matter and because matter has structure in space and time, Black Holes absorb the grid points of space and time. It is this property that creates a void for the remaining visible space-time to expan...Black Holes absorb matter and because matter has structure in space and time, Black Holes absorb the grid points of space and time. It is this property that creates a void for the remaining visible space-time to expand into. This expansion is roughly proportional to the density of the black holes in space and this, because also time is expanding, leads to an apparent exponential expansion for the observer, who is unaware of this. Further the Quantum Mechanical effects: the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the Tunnelling of particles lead to a flow of matter from the present time into the past. The red-shift is thus not just a sign of an expanding universe but also (and perhaps all of it) that of matter hurling down into the black holes.展开更多
基金Supported by National"973"Project(No.2006CB102006)Special Research Project in Public Service Sectors(Agriculture)(201103012)~~
文摘[ Objective ] The paper was to confirm the effect of mating and black light treatment on cryptochromes mRNA expression of Hclicoverpa armigera. [ Method ] Quantitative real-time PCR （ SYBR Green） technique was applied to detect the expression of cryptochromes gene （ cryl and cry2 ） of H. armigera under different conditions. Total RNA was extracted from the head of H. armigera, and carried out reverse transcription to synthesize cDNA after digested by DNase I. Specific primers were used to carry out quantitative real-time PCR on cryl, cry2 and EF-Ict gene, respectively. [ Result] The expression of cryl mRNA of H. ar- migera significantly decreased after exposure to black light for 2 h, the mRNA expression of cry2 was smaller than control, they had no significant difference with each other. Mating had significant effect on mRNA expression of cryl and cry2 of H. armigera, and the mRNA expression of cryl and cry2 of male and female adults showed decreasing trend with the prolongation of time after mating. [ Conclusion] The result had important significance for further studying on function of cry gene and the control of cotton bollwonn.
文摘The goal of this research is to explore the effects of black hole singularities. Methodology is to start with large objects like galaxies and continue to smaller objects within our solar neighbourhood. High-redshift observations from the James Webb Space Telescope reveal that distant galaxies and their central black holes formed shortly after the Big Bang. An innovation about the speed of light explains how supermassive black holes could have formed primordially. Predictions of Hawking radiation include the possibility of black holes contributing to the energy of stars such as the Sun. Black holes have also been suggested as a source of radiation and magnetic fields in giant planets. Observations of Enceladus raise the possibility that this moon and other objects near Saturn’s Rings contain small singularities. Extrapolations of this methodology indicate that black holes could exist within solar system bodies including planets. Extended discussion describes how their presence could explain mysteries of internal heat, planetary magnetic fields, and processes of solar system formation.
文摘In order to improve the visibility for outside use of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), the polarized film and black matrix pattern have been used in the small and medium sized OLEDs;however, these cause problem of reducing the emission efficiency of OLED. Changing the color of pixel define layer (PDL) from brown to black is an important point for improving the efficiency and visibility of OLEDs. In this work we studied the photoresist material containing black pigment and the photolithographic process for patterning of black PDL on OLEDs. The black PDL patterns made with our synthesized polyimides as thermal stabilizer were found to give high thermal stability over 300°C.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41630754, 41671067, and 41501063)the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJZD-EW-G03-04), the State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science (SKLCS-ZZ-2015)the Foundation for Excellent Youth Scholars of Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, CAS
文摘Light-absorbing impurities on glaciers are important factors that influence glacial surface albedo and accelerate glacier melt. In this study, the quantity of light-absorbing impurities on Keqikaer Glacier in western Tien Shan, Central Asia, was measured. We found that the average concentrations of black carbon was 2,180 ng/g, with a range from 250 ng/g to more than 10,000 ng/g. The average concentrations of organic carbon and mineral dust were 1,738 ng/g and 194 μg/g, respectively. Based on simulations performed with the Snow Ice Aerosol Radiative model simulations, black carbon and dust are responsible for approximately 64% and 9%, respectively, of the albedo reduction, and are associated with instantaneous radiative forcing of 323.18 W/m2(ranging from 142.16 to 619.25 W/m2) and 24.05 W/m2(ranging from 0.15 to69.77 W/m2), respectively. For different scenarios, the albedo and radiative forcing effect of black carbon is considerably greater than that of dust. The estimated radiative forcing at Keqikaer Glacier is higher than most similar values estimated by previous studies on the Tibetan Plateau, perhaps as a result of black carbon enrichment by melt scavenging. Light-absorbing impurities deposited on Keqikaer Glacier appear to mainly originate from central Asia, Siberia, western China(including the Taklimakan Desert) and parts of South Asia in summer, and from the Middle East and Central Asia in winter.A footprint analysis indicates that a large fraction(>60%) of the black carbon contributions on Keqikaer Glacier comes from anthropogenic sources. These results provide a scientific basis for regional mitigation efforts to reduce black carbon.
文摘From the Schwarzschild metric we obtain the higher-order terms for the deflection of light around a massive object using the Lindstedt-Poincaré method to solve the equation of motion of a photon around the stellar object. The asymptotic series obtained by this method was obtained up to order 20 in the expansion parameter, and was found to better approximate the numerical solution with higher order terms—a property that can’t be taken for granted for any asymptotic series. Additionally, we obtain diagonal Padé approximants from the perturbation expansion, and we show how these are a better fit for the numerical data than the original formal Taylor series. Furthermore, we use these approximants in ray-tracing algorithms to model the bending of light around massive objects.
文摘The problem of an adequate description of the transport processes in Bose-Einstein condensates (CBE), including space-temporal evolution of CBE in a gravitational field is considered. The full nonlocal system for the CBE evolution is delivered including particular case and analytical solutions. We show (analytically) that a black hole can evolve in the Bose-Einstein condensate (CBE) regime. At the same time, there are modes in which black hole flickering occurs. Quantization of the black holes flickering is discovered. The corresponding nonlocal hydrodynamic equations indicated for fermions gas.
文摘Black Holes absorb matter and because matter has structure in space and time, Black Holes absorb the grid points of space and time. It is this property that creates a void for the remaining visible space-time to expand into. This expansion is roughly proportional to the density of the black holes in space and this, because also time is expanding, leads to an apparent exponential expansion for the observer, who is unaware of this. Further the Quantum Mechanical effects: the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the Tunnelling of particles lead to a flow of matter from the present time into the past. The red-shift is thus not just a sign of an expanding universe but also (and perhaps all of it) that of matter hurling down into the black holes.
