A Blackman-Harris windowed triple-spectrum-line interpolation method for measuring SNR of ADCs

In the practical measurement of signal to noise ratio(SNR)of analog-to-digital converters(ADCs)by using fast Fourier transformation(FFT)method,the non-coherent sampling is inevitable,leading to spectral leakage which in turn affects the calculation accuracy and final measurement results.In this paper,a new method based on the Blackman-Harris windowed triple-spectrum-line interpolation is presented for the measurement of ADCs SNR by FFT.The simulation platform is built based on MATLAB and the behavioral dynamic models of the high-speed ADC products of Analog Devices Inc.(ADI)are simulated.The simulation results show that,even in the case of the maximum non-coherent degree,the SNR error is less than0.23dB and reaches the testing standards provided by ADI,confirming that the proposed method is effective for suppressing the spectral leakage effects and improving the SNR test accuracy.

基于Blackman-Harris窗的110 kV输电电缆局部故障定位研究

为解决传统频域反射法(frequency domain reflectometry, FDR)在定位110 kV输电电缆微弱局部故障时效果不佳的问题,提出了一种基于Blackman-Harris窗的电缆局部故障频域反射定位技术。首先介绍了基于频域反射法的局部故障定位理论及模型;其次基于该模型,在定位局部故障时引入了一种形式简单且性能优越的Blackman-Harris窗,提高了局部故障位置识别灵敏性;最后进行仿真分析,结果表明,与其他常见窗函数相比,所提方法在定位局部故障位置时效果明显,可为存在类似问题的供电公司提供参考。

基于Windows API的嵌入式产品数据分析系统设计

Windows API为嵌入式产品的数据分析提供了一种很好的实现方式,适合不复杂的应用工况。提出一种基于Windows API的嵌入式产品数据分析系统的设计方案,使用Windows API的高级控件列表视图,对嵌入式产品中所存储的数据进行解析和显示,依据数据存储的特点,在列表视图中进行分页设计。经验证,该方案的解析逻辑准确,显示内容无误,利用Windows的运行机制极大地提高了软件的兼容性、便利性和可用性。

基于三次样条函数的加Blackman-harris窗插值FFT算法

使用加Blackman-harris窗插值快速傅里叶变换(FFT)算法计算电力系统谐波时,其频率修正系数公式和复振幅的插值修正函数过于复杂。提出利用三次样条函数逼近其频率修正系数的7次多项式和复振幅的修正函数,采用三次样条插值函数的有效形式计算频率修正系数和复振幅的修正系数,将插值FFT算法的频率修正系数曲线分为10段,给定11个等间距插值点,并将复振幅修正系数曲线以频率修正系数间隔0.1分为10段,给定11个等间距插值点,分别构造出频率修正系数和复振幅修正系数的快速计算公式。公式简单,计算量小,程序实现方便,实时性好,并且在分段处连续,分段处的计算值为精确值。仿真结果表明,该算法计算所得幅值误差小于0.01%,频率误差小于0.003 Hz,相位误差小于1%。

加Blackman-Harris窗插值算法仿真介损角测量

为了更好地将加布莱克曼-哈里斯(Blackman-Harris)窗插值谐波分析法用于介损角测量,仿真分析了该算法及其在信号频率、3次谐波、直流分量、采样频率、A/D量化位数、采样时间长度、介损角真实值、白噪声及脉冲噪声变化时计算所得介损角误差的变化。仿真结果表明,频率波动时算法误差很小且稳定;算法随3次谐波分量的增加误差有很微小的增加;算法随直流分量的增加变化不显著;算法随A/D量化位数的增加误差减少,≥10位的量化位数能满足精度要求;随采样频率的增加误差稍有下降,但趋势不明显;随采样长度增加误差减少,0.1s的采样时间长度足够;介损角误差与真实值的关系不大;随白噪声和脉冲噪声含量的减少误差减少,对白噪声和脉冲噪声信噪比约80 dB能满足要求。

Blackman-Harris窗的插值FFT谐波分析与应用

快速傅里叶变换在非同步采样和非整数周期截断的情况下存在较大的误差,无法得到准确的谐波参数。加窗插值快速傅里叶变换算法广泛用于电力系统谐波,可改善因非同步采样和非整数周期截断造成的频谱泄露,提高分析精度。文章分析了Blackman-Harris窗的频谱特性,提出了基于Blackman-Harris窗插值的分析算法,运用多项式拟合求出实用的插值修正公式。仿真结果表明,Blackman-Harris窗插值FFT方法设计实现灵活,抑制频谱泄露效果好。

基于Blackman-Harris相位差校正信号谐波分析方法

运用快速傅里叶变换(FFT)进行电力谐波分析时很难做到同步采样和整周期截断,造成的频谱泄漏将影响谐波分析精度。本文引入Blackman-Harris窗函数,分析其时域和频域特性,采用Blackman-Harris窗对谐波信号进行加权,结合相位差校正原理,用于谐波分析。推导了信号基波及各次谐波频率、幅值和初相角的计算式,对常规的频谱相位差校正方法进行了改进。仿真结果表明,应用Blackman-Harris窗相位差校正信号谐波分析法的运算时间与加其他余弦窗的运算时间相比没有明显增加,计算精度却显著提高。本文提出算法实现简单,精度高,通用性强,可应用于高精度电能计量和电能质量分析。

基于相位差校正法的加Blackman-harris窗FFT算法与实现

相位差校正法是连续两次加窗截断时域信号并进行两次FFT变换,然后利用其对应离散谱线的相位差校正出谱峰处的准确频率和相位的新校正方法,通过利用插值fft算法的窗谱函数公式还可以校正其幅值,用以解决离散频谱分析中由于不能做到同步采样带来的较大误差。由于加Blackman-harris窗函数的频谱泄漏影响小、计算精度高,所以本文采用加Blackman-harris窗截断。

Teager-Kaiser能量算子Blackman-Harris窗三谱线插值的电压闪变参数检测

针对电压闪变的检测,提出了一种基于Teager-Kaiser能量算子和Blackman-Harris窗三谱线插值的闪变参数测量方法。采用能量算子检测出电压波动信号,分析Blackman-Harris窗的旁瓣特性,将闪变包络进行Blackman-Harris窗三谱线插值FFT谱分析与校正,对IEC标准推荐的检波方法进行简化,实现闪变参数的检测分析。通过大量仿真实验证明,在含有单一频率调制、多频率调制、电网基波频率发生偏移、含有谐波、间谐波和白噪声干扰时,文中的检测算法性能优良,相比传统检测方法,算法简单稳定、抗干扰性强,可实现电压闪变参数的在线检测。

通过交叉验证堆栈和VAD信息检测Windows代码注入

Windows 32/64位代码注入攻击是恶意软件常用的攻击技术,在内存取证领域,现存的代码注入攻击检测技术在验证完整性方面不能处理动态内容,并且在解析内存中数据结构方面无法兼容不同版本的Windows系统。因此提出了通过交叉验证进程堆栈和VAD信息定位注入代码方法,将基于遍历栈帧得到的函数返回地址、模块名等信息结合进程VAD结构来检测函数返回地址、匹配文件名以定位注入代码,并且研发了基于Volatility取证框架的Windows代码注入攻击检测插件codefind。测试结果表明,即使在VAD节点被恶意软件修改,方法仍能够有效定位Windows 32/64位注入代码攻击。

基于Windows Server Failover Cluster的Apache故障转移集群应用实践

在当前互联网时代,Web应用程序的高可用性和可靠性是确保业务持续运行的关键因素。针对Apache Web服务器,介绍了利用Windows Server 2019 Failover Cluster构建Apache故障转移集群的实践方案。通过配置两个节点的故障转移集群,当某个节点发生故障时,Apache服务将自动在另一个节点上重新启动,从而最大程度地减少系统中断的时间,提高Web应用的可用性。详细阐述了集群搭建的具体步骤、配置要点、集群验证方法以及运行时的监控与维护方法,为构建高可用Apache Web服务器提供一种实用的解决方案。

基于Windows/RTX的实时仿测软件设计

针对传统测试软件实时性有限、传统仿真接口软件通用性程度低的问题,为满足半实物仿真软件需兼顾单元测试和控制系统仿真验证的需求,设计了基于Windows/RTX的实时仿测软件。仿测软件采用模块化的设计原则,开发了GUI层人机交互界面和RTX层实时运行程序。为保证实时性,采用无锁循环缓冲区+双线程技术,解决了RTX环境下仿真步长为1 ms时串口数据收发的超时问题;提出一种超时检测算法监测仿真节点的实时状态。借助cJSON优化了测试用例配置文件,用户可以更灵活地编辑测试用例,利用RTW自动代码生成将弹体模型编译集成到RTX仿测软件工程。实验结果表明:该仿测软件有效兼顾了单测与仿真,提高了仿测软件的通用性和二次开发效率,降低了开发难度。

Bimetallic In_(2)O_(3)/Bi_(2)O_(3) Catalysts Enable Highly Selective CO_(2) Electroreduction to Formate within Ultra-Broad Potential Windows

CO_(2)electrochemical reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)to formate is a hopeful pathway for reducing CO_(2)and producing high-value chemicals,which needs highly selective catalysts with ultra-broad potential windows to meet the industrial demands.Herein,the nanorod-like bimetallic ln_(2)O_(3)/Bi_(2)O_(3)catalysts were successfully synthesized by pyrolysis of bimetallic InBi-MOF precursors.The abundant oxygen vacancies generated from the lattice mismatch of Bi_(2)O_(3)and ln_(2)O_(3)reduced the activation energy of CO_(2)to*CO_(2)·^(-)and improved the selectivity of*CO_(2)·^(-)to formate simultaneously.Meanwhile,the carbon skeleton derived from the pyrolysis of organic framework of InBi-MOF provided a conductive network to accelerate the electrons transmission.The catalyst exhibited an ultra-broad applied potential window of 1200 mV(from-0.4 to-1.6 V vs RHE),relativistic high Faradaic efficiency of formate(99.92%)and satisfactory stability after 30 h.The in situ FT-IR experiment and DFT calculation verified that the abundant oxygen vacancies on the surface of catalysts can easily absorb CO_(2)molecules,and oxygen vacancy path is dominant pathway.This work provides a convenient method to construct high-performance bimetallic catalysts for the industrial application of CO_(2)RR.

Active and passive modulation of solar light transmittance in a uniquely multifunctional dual-band single molecule for smart window applications

Functional materials may change color by heat and electricity separately or simultaneously in smart windows.These materials have not only demonstrated remarkable potential in the modulation of solar radiation but are also leading to the development of indoor environments that are more comfortable and conducive to improving individuals'quality of life.Unfortunately,dual-responsive materials have not received ample research attention due to economic and technological challenges.As a consequence,the broader utilization of smart windows faces hindrances.To address this new generational multistimulus responsive chromic materials,our group has adopted a developmental strategy to create a poly(NIPAM)n-HV as a switchable material by anchoring active viologen(HV)onto a phase-changing poly(NIPAM)n-based smart material for better utility and activity.These constructed smart windows facilitate individualistic reversible switching,from a highly transparent state to an opaque state(thermochromic)and a red state(electrochromic),as well as facilitate a simultaneous dual-stimuli response reversible switching from a clear transparent state to a fully opaque(thermochromic)and orange(electrochromic)states.Absolute privacy can be attained in smart windows designed for exclusive settings by achieving zero transmittance.Each unique chromic mode operates independently and modulates visible and near-infrared(NIR)light in a distinct manner.Hence,these smart windows with thermal and electric dual-stimuli responsiveness demonstrate remarkable heat regulation capabilities,rendering them highly attractive for applications in building facades,energy harvesting,privacy protection,and color display.

Strong Interaction Between Redox Mediators and Defect-Rich Carbons Enabling Simultaneously Boosted Voltage Windows and Capacitance for Aqueous Supercapacitors

Energy density,the Achilles’heel of aqueous supercapacitors,is simultaneously determined by the voltage window and specific capacitance of the carbon materials,but the strategy of synchronously boosting them has rarely been reported.Herein,we demonstrate that the rational utilization of the interaction between redox mediators(RMs)and carbon electrode materials,especially those with rich intrinsic defects,contributes to extended potential windows and more stored charges concurrently.Using 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxyl(4OH-TEMPO)and intrinsic defect-rich carbons as the RMs and electrode materials,respectively,the potential window and capacitance are increased by 67%and sixfold in a neutral electrolyte.Moreover,this strategy could also be applied to alkaline and acid electrolytes.The first-principle calculation and experimental results demonstrate that the strong interaction between 4OH-TEMPO and defectrich carbons plays a key role as preferential adsorbed RMs may largely prohibit the contact of free water molecules with the electrode materials to terminate the water splitting at elevated potentials.For the RMs offering weaker interaction with the electrode materials,the water splitting still proceeds with a thus sole increase of the stored charges.The results discovered in this work could provide an alternative solution to address the low energy density of aqueous supercapacitors.

Learning Epipolar Line Window Attention for Stereo Image Super-Resolution Reconstruction

Transformer-based stereo image super-resolution reconstruction(Stereo SR)methods have significantly improved image quality.However,existing methods have deficiencies in paying attention to detailed features and do not consider the offset of pixels along the epipolar lines in complementary views when integrating stereo information.To address these challenges,this paper introduces a novel epipolar line window attention stereo image super-resolution network(EWASSR).For detail feature restoration,we design a feature extractor based on Transformer and convolutional neural network(CNN),which consists of(shifted)window-based self-attention((S)W-MSA)and feature distillation and enhancement blocks(FDEB).This combination effectively solves the problem of global image perception and local feature attention and captures more discriminative high-frequency features of the image.Furthermore,to address the problem of offset of complementary pixels in stereo images,we propose an epipolar line window attention(EWA)mechanism,which divides windows along the epipolar direction to promote efficient matching of shifted pixels,even in pixel smooth areas.More accurate pixel matching can be achieved using adjacent pixels in the window as a reference.Extensive experiments demonstrate that our EWASSR can reconstruct more realistic detailed features.Comparative quantitative results show that in the experimental results of our EWASSR on the Middlebury and Flickr1024 data sets for 2×SR,compared with the recent network,the Peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)increased by 0.37 dB and 0.34 dB,respectively.

AI-Driven Prioritization and Filtering of Windows Artifacts for Enhanced Digital Forensics

Digital forensics aims to uncover evidence of cybercrimes within compromised systems.These cybercrimes are often perpetrated through the deployment of malware,which inevitably leaves discernible traces within the compromised systems.Forensic analysts are tasked with extracting and subsequently analyzing data,termed as artifacts,from these systems to gather evidence.Therefore,forensic analysts must sift through extensive datasets to isolate pertinent evidence.However,manually identifying suspicious traces among numerous artifacts is time-consuming and labor-intensive.Previous studies addressed such inefficiencies by integrating artificial intelligence(AI)technologies into digital forensics.Despite the efforts in previous studies,artifacts were analyzed without considering the nature of the data within them and failed to prove their efficiency through specific evaluations.In this study,we propose a system to prioritize suspicious artifacts from compromised systems infected with malware to facilitate efficient digital forensics.Our system introduces a double-checking method that recognizes the nature of data within target artifacts and employs algorithms ideal for anomaly detection.The key ideas of this method are:(1)prioritize suspicious artifacts and filter remaining artifacts using autoencoder and(2)further prioritize suspicious artifacts and filter remaining artifacts using logarithmic entropy.Our evaluation demonstrates that our system can identify malicious artifacts with high accuracy and that its double-checking method is more efficient than alternative approaches.Our system can significantly reduce the time required for forensic analysis and serve as a reference for future studies.

Wideband low-scattering metasurface with an in-band reconfigurable transparent window

Active metasurfaces with dynamically reconfigurable functionalities are highly demanded in various practical applications.Here,we propose a wideband low-scattering metasurface that can realize an in-band reconfigurable transparent window by altering the operation states of the PIN diodes loaded on the structures.The metasurface is composed of a band-pass frequency selective surface(FSS)sandwiched between two polarization conversion metasurfaces(PCMs).PIN diodes are integrated into the FSS to switch the transparent window,while a checkerboard configuration is applied in PCMs for the diffusive-reflective function.A sample with 20×20 elements is designed,fabricated,and experimentally verified.Both simulated and measured results show that the in-band functions can be dynamically switched between beam-splitting scattering and high transmission by controlling the biasing states of the diodes,while low backscattering can be attained outside the passband.Furthermore,the resonant structures of FSS also play the role of feeding lines,thus significantly eliminating extra interference compared with conventional feeding networks.We envision that the proposed metasurface may provide new possibilities for the development of an intelligent stealth platform and its antenna applications.

Case Report: Surgical Correction of Transposition of the Great Arteries with Aortopulmonary Window

Introduction:Transposition of the great arteries(TGA)with aortopulmonary window is a rare type of congenital heart disease with limited experience.We reported a neonate aged 25 days receiving the arterial switch operation and assisted with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.Conclusion:TGA with aortopulmonary window can be safely correctly with the arterial switch operation.

Bone block from lateral window-correcting vertical and horizontal bone deficiency in maxilla posterior site:A case report

BACKGROUND Lateral window approach for sinus floor lift is commonly used for vertical bone augmentation in cases when the residual bone height is less than 5 mm.However,managing cases becomes more challenging when a maxillary sinus pseudocyst is present or when there is insufficient bone width.In this case,we utilized the bone window prepared during the lateral window sinus lift as a shell for horizontal bone augmentation.This allowed for simultaneous horizontal and vertical bone augmentation immediately after the removal of the maxillary sinus pseudocyst.CASE SUMMARY A 28-year-old female presented to our clinic with the chief complaint of missing upper left posterior teeth.Intraoral examination showed a horizontal deficiency of the alveolar ridge contour.The height of the alveolar bone was approximately 3.6 mm on cone beam computed tomography(CBCT).And a typical well-defined'dome-shaped'lesion in maxillary sinus was observed on CBCT imaging.The lateral bony window was prepared using a piezo-ultrasonic device,then the bony window was fixed to the buccal side of the 26 alveolar ridge using a titanium screw with a length of 10 mm and a diameter of 1.5 mm.The space between the bony window and the alveolar ridge was filled with Bio-Oss,covered with a Bio-Gide collagen membrane,and subsequently sutured.Nine months later,the patient’s bone width increased from 4.8 to 10.5 mm,and the bone height increased from 3.6 to 15.6 mm.Subsequently,a Straumann^(■)4.1 mm×10 mm implant was placed.The final all-ceramic crown restoration was completed four months later,and both clinical and radiographic examinations showed that the implant was successful,and the patient was satisfied with the results.CONCLUSION The bone block harvested from the lateral window sinus lift can be used for simultaneous horizontal bone augmentation acting as a shell for good two-dimensional bone augmentation.