Effects of Ferrous Fumarate on Growth Performance,Blood Biochemical Parameters and Trace Elements of Oncorhynchus mykiss

[ Objective] The study aimed to discuss the effects of ferrous fumarate on growth performance, blood biochemical parameters and content of trace element of Oncorhynchus mykiss. [ Method ] Juvenile rainbow trout with an initial weight of （89.2 ±0.2） g were fed with the basal fodder supplemented with different levels of ferrous fumarate （0, 20, 40, 80,160 and 480 mg/kg iron） for 60 d, and the six groups were named DO, D20, D40, D80, D160 and D480, wherein DO was as the control group, actually containing 62.60, 79.50, 99.60, 139.30, 215.20 and 538.40 mg/kg iron respectively. [ Result] The growth performance of juvenile rainbow trout was not affected by different dietary iron levels obviously （ P 〉 0.05）. With the increase of dietary iron level, hemoglobin （Hb） content and number of red blood cells（RBC） rose firstly and then leveled off. No significance was found in hematocrit （Hct） among the six groups （P 〉0.05）. Iron content in the whole body, vertebrae and muscle increased significantly with the improvement of dietary iron level（ P 〈0.05）, and iron concentration in the liver increased firstly and then leveled off in groups from D40 to D480. No significant difference in zinc content of the whole body was found among the six groups （ P〉0.05）, while zinc content in the vertebrae and muscle in control group was significantly higher than that of other groups （ P〈0.05）, and zinc concentration in the liver in groups DO and 1320 was significantly higher than that of other groups （ P 〈0.05）. Copper content in the whole body increased significantly with the increase of dietary iron level （P 〈 0.05 ）, while no significant difference was observed in the vertebrae （ P 〉0.05）, and copper concentration in the muscle in control group was significantly lower than that of other groups （ P 〈0.05）. Serum lysozyme （LZM） activity of group DO was significantly lower than that of other groups （ P 〈 0.05） except for group D480 （ P 〉 0.05）. Catalase （CAT） activity of serum enhanced significantly （ P 〈 0.05） from DO to EH0 and then decreased obviously （P 〈0.05）. [ Conclusion] Based on hemoglobin and iron content in the liver, the broken-line model analysis showed that the dietary iron level provided by ferrous fumarate for juvenile rainbow trout was estimated to be 99.8 and 100.4 mg/kg respectively in the experiment.

Comparisons of blood biochemical parameters,digestive enzyme activities and volatile fatty acid profile between Meishan and Yorkshire piglets

This study was conducted to compare physiological characteristics between Meishan and Yorkshire piglets in their early lives. Six healthy purebred Meishan sows and Yorkshire sows with close farrowing dates were used in this research. The piglets sucked their respective sow’s milk for 14 days, then they were slaughtered to collect samples of blood, pancreas, contents of stomach, jejunum, cecum, colon as well as feces for analysis of blood biochemical parameters, digestive enzymes, and volatile fatty acid(VFA). The results showed that Yorkshire piglets had higher concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) and total cholesterol(TC)(P < 0.05). Gastric lipase activity was higher in Meishan piglets but Yorkshire piglets had higher lactase activity(P < 0.05). The total VFA together with acetate and propionate in cecum and colon were higher in Meishan piglets than in Yorkshire piglets(P < 0.05),but acetate in jejunum and ratio of acetate to propionate in colon were lower in Meishan piglets than in Yorkshire piglets(P < 0.05). In conclusion, in early suckling period, significant differences exist in host metabolism and intestinal microbial metabolism between Meishan and Yorkshire piglets.