Effect of dates on blood glucose and lipid profile among patients with type 2 diabetes

Poor fruit and vegetable consumption is one of the 10 major risk factors for mortality.There is a misconception regarding the consumption of dates among patients with diabetes.This manuscript assessed the effects of date consumption on fasting and postprandial blood glucose,glycated hemoglobin,total cholesterol,triglycerides,low-density lipoproteins,high-density lipoproteins,and microbial markers.Four literature databases were searched for relevant articles.Of the 595 studies retrieved,24 assessed the effects of dates on glycemic control and lipids.Overall,the evidence suggests that dates have a lowering effect on blood glucose.Dates reduce total cholesterol and triglyceride levels and increase high-density lipoprotein levels.Dates also promote the abundance of beneficial gut microbiota.Therefore,patients with diabetes and dyslipidemia can consume dates to reduce their blood glucose,cholesterol,and triglycerides.

Influence of blood glucose fluctuations on chemotherapy efficacy and safety in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients complicated with lung carcinoma

BACKGROUND Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)have large fluctuations in blood glucose(BG),abnormal metabolic function and low immunity to varying degrees,which increases the risk of malignant tumor diseases and affects the efficacy of tumor chemotherapy.Controlling hyperglycemia may have important therapeutic implications for cancer patients.AIM To clarify the influence of BG fluctuations on chemotherapy efficacy and safety in T2DM patients complicated with lung carcinoma(LC).METHODS The clinical data of 60 T2DM+LC patients who presented to the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University between January 2019 and January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent chemotherapy and were grouped as a control group(CG;normal BG fluctuation with a mean fluctuation<3.9 mmol/L)and an observation group(OG;high BG fluctuation with a mean fluctuation≥3.9 mmol/L)based on their BG fluctuations,with 30 cases each.BGrelated indices,tumor markers,serum inflammatory cytokines and adverse reactions were comparatively analyzed.Pearson correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between BG fluctuations and tumor markers.RESULTS The fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose levels in the OG were notably elevated compared with those in the CG,together with markedly higher mean amplitude of glycemic excursions(MAGE),mean of daily differences,largest amplitude of glycemic excursions and standard deviation of blood glucose(P<0.05).In addition,the OG exhibited evidently higher levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9,carbohydrate antigen 125,carcinoembryonic antigen,neuron-specific enolase,cytokeratin 19,tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,and highsensitivity C-reactive protein than the CG(P<0.05).Pearson analysis revealed a positive association of MAGE with serum tumor markers.The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly higher in the OG than in the CG(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The greater the BG fluctuation in LC patients after chemotherapy,the more unfavorable the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy;the higher the level of tumor markers and inflammatory cytokines,the more adverse reactions the patient experiences.

Retinal microcirculation changes in prediabetic patients with shortterm increased blood glucose using optical coherence tomography angiography

BACKGROUND Retinal microcirculation alterations are early indicators of diabetic microvascular complications.Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)is a noninvasive method to assess these changes.This study analyzes changes in retinal microcirculation in prediabetic patients during short-term increases in blood glucose using OCTA.AIM To investigate the changes in retinal microcirculation in prediabetic patients experiencing short-term increases in blood glucose levels using OCTA.METHODS Fifty volunteers were divided into three groups:Group 1[impaired fasting glucose(IFG)or impaired glucose tolerance(IGT)],Group 2(both IFG and IGT),and a control group.Retinal microcirculation parameters,including vessel density(VD),perfusion density(PD),and foveal avascular zone(FAZ)metrics,were measured using OCTA.Correlations between these parameters and blood glucose levels were analyzed in both the fasting and postprandial states.RESULTS One hour after glucose intake,the central VD(P=0.023),central PD(P=0.026),and parafoveal PD(P<0.001)were significantly greater in the control group than in the fasting group.In Group 1,parafoveal PD(P<0.001)and FAZ circularity(P=0.023)also increased one hour after glucose intake.However,no significant changes were observed in the retinal microcirculation parameters of Group 2 before or after glucose intake(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,Group 1 had a larger FAZ area(P=0.032)and perimeter(P=0.018),whereas Group 2 had no significant differences in retinal microcirculation parameters compared with the control group(P>0.05).Compared with Group 1,Group 2 had greater central VD(P=0.013)and PD(P=0.008)and a smaller FAZ area(P=0.012)and perimeter(P=0.010).One hour after glucose intake,Group 1 had a larger FAZ area(P=0.044)and perimeter(P=0.038)than did the control group,whereas Group 2 showed no significant differences in retinal microcirculation parameters compared with the control group(P>0.05).Group 2 had greater central VD(P=0.042)and PD(P=0.022)and a smaller FAZ area(P=0.015)and perimeter(P=0.016)than Group 1.At fasting,central PD was significantly positively correlated with blood glucose levels(P=0.044),whereas no significant correlations were found between blood glucose levels and OCTA parameters one hour after glucose intake.CONCLUSION A short-term increase in blood glucose has a more pronounced effect on retinal microcirculation in prediabetic patients with either IFG or IGT.

Analysis of Blood Lipids, Blood Glucose, Blood Uric Acid, and Blood Routine Test Results in Retired Employees of a Unit in the Civil Aviation System

Objective:To investigate and analyze the annual physical examination results of retired employees from a unit in the civil aviation system,focusing on blood lipids,blood glucose,blood uric acid,and blood routine results.The study aims to provide relevant references for formulating reasonable disease management measures for preventing and controlling hyperlipidemia,hyperuricemia,and other conditions in retired employees.Methods:The examination results of 231 participants were collected and analyzed.The participants were divided into four groups based on age:middle-aged group,young-old group,middle-old group,and old-old group.The blood test results were compared across these groups,and an assessment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD)risk levels was completed in conjunction with medical history.Blood test results were also compared by gender.Results:There were no significant statistical differences in blood test results when grouped by age.However,the prevalence of hyperuricemia was higher in males than in females,while the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was higher in females than in males.The LDL-C target achievement rate was lower in the moderate-and-high-risk group as well as the very high-risk group as defined by ASCVD risk levels.Conclusion:Management of hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia in retired employees(elderly patients)should be strengthened to reduce the risk of ASCVD events and alleviate the potential medical burden associated with disease progression.

A Study on Near-Infrared Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Concentration Regression Prediction Based on PSO-MKL-SVR

To improve the accuracy of predicting non-invasive blood glucose concentration in the near-infrared spectrum, we utilized the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to optimize hyperparameters for the Multi-Kernel Learning Support Vector Machine (MKL-SVR). With these optimized hyperparameters, we established a non-invasive blood glucose regression model, referred to as the PSO-MKL-SVR model. Subsequently, we conducted a comparative analysis between the PSO-MKL-SVR model and the PSO-SVR model. In a dataset comprising ten volunteers, the PSO-MKL-SVR model exhibited significant precision improvements, including a 16.03% reduction in Mean Square Error and a 0.29% increase in the Squared Correlation Coefficient. Moreover, there was a 0.14% higher probability of the Clark’s Error Grid Analysis falling within Zone A. Additionally, the PSO-MKL-SVR model demonstrated a faster operational speed compared to the PSO-SVR model.

Effects of Radix Puerariae, Radix Rehmanniae and Their Compatibility on Blood Glucose and Blood Lipids in Mice

[Objectives]To explore the effects of the compatibility of Radix Puerariae and Radix Rehmanniae on blood glucose and blood lipids in diabetic mouses.[Methods]Diabetic mouse model was established.The body weight and fasting blood glucose of mice were measured after 7 and 14 d of administration,and the biochemical indicators of blood lipids(TC,HDL-C,and LDL-C)were detected after 14 d of administration.[Results]Compared with the Radix Puerariae group and Radix Rehmanniae group,the compatibility group(1:2)had the best hypoglycemic effect(P<0.05),and TC and LDL-C in the compatibility group(2:1)significantly decreased(P<0.05),while HDL-C in the compatibility group(1:1)significantly increased(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Radix Puerariae,Radix Rehmanniae and their combination can reduce the blood glucose of diabetic mice.The compatibility group(1:2)had a significant hypoglycemic effect(P<0.05),and LDL-C in the compatibility group(2:1)significantly declined,while HDL-C in the compatibility group(1:1)rose significantly.

Blood biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease:important considerations for use in clinical practice

Introduction:Fluid and positron emission tomography(PET)biomarkers that enable the detection of the hallmark proteins of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)(amyloid and tau)have revolutionized our approach to the diagnosis of AD.The evolution of AD diagnostic criteria to include biological characterization(Alzheimer’s Association Working Group,2023)provides an appropriate framework to reduce levels of clinico-pathologic mismatch and improve in-vivo diagnostic accuracy.As the therapeutic landscape for neurodegenerative disease evolves,it is increasingly incumbent on clinicians to provide timely,and pathologically precise diagnoses for patients.However,the expensive and invasive nature of these tests limits their scalability.

Associations between blood glucose and early- and late-onset colorectal cancer: evidence from two prospective cohorts and Mendelian randomization analyses

Background: The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC), which exhibits differential clinical, patho- logical, and molecular features compared to late-onset CRC (LOCRC), is rising globally. The potential differential effects of blood glucose on EOCRC compared to LOCRC have not been investigated. Methods: This study analyzed 374,568 participants from the UK Biobank cohort and 172,809 participants from the Kailuan cohort. The linear associations between blood glucose and EOCRC/LOCRC were estimated using Cox regression models. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis and non-linear Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using a 70-SNPs genetic instrument for fasting glucose were used to explore the potential non-linear associations. Results: Participants in the highest quintile of blood glucose had higher overall CRC risk compared to the lowest quintile (HR = 1.10 in the UK Biobank cohort, 95% CI: 1.01-1.21, P -trend = 0.012;HR = 1.23 in the Kailuan cohort, 95% CI: 1.01-1.51, P -trend = 0.036). Elevated glucose ( > 7.0 mmol/L) was more strongly associated with increased risk of EOCRC (HR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.07-2.44) than with LOCRC (HR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02-1.27) in the UK Biobank cohort ( P- heterogeneity = 0.014). Elevated glucose ( > 7.0 mmol/L) was associated with increased risk of LOCRC (HR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.04-1.65) in the Kailuan cohort as well. There was no evidence for non-linear associations between blood glucose and risks of EOCRC/LOCRC. Conclusions: This study showed a positive association between blood glucose and CRC risk in a dose-response manner, particularly for EOCRC, suggesting that tighter glucose control should be a priority for younger age groups.

Beyond wrecking a wall:revisiting the concept of blood–brain barrier breakdown in ischemic stroke

The blood–brain barrier constitutes a dynamic and interactive boundary separating the central nervous system and the peripheral circulation.It tightly modulates the ion transport and nutrient influx,while restricting the entry of harmful factors,and selectively limiting the migration of immune cells,thereby maintaining brain homeostasis.Despite the well-established association between blood–brain barrier disruption and most neurodegenerative/neuroinflammatory diseases,much remains unknown about the factors influencing its physiology and the mechanisms underlying its breakdown.Moreover,the role of blood–brain barrier breakdown in the translational failure underlying therapies for brain disorders is just starting to be understood.This review aims to revisit this concept of“blood–brain barrier breakdown,”delving into the most controversial aspects,prevalent challenges,and knowledge gaps concerning the lack of blood–brain barrier integrity.By moving beyond the oversimplistic dichotomy of an“open”/“bad”or a“closed”/“good”barrier,our objective is to provide a more comprehensive insight into blood–brain barrier dynamics,to identify novel targets and/or therapeutic approaches aimed at mitigating blood–brain barrier dysfunction.Furthermore,in this review,we advocate for considering the diverse time-and location-dependent alterations in the blood–brain barrier,which go beyond tight-junction disruption or brain endothelial cell breakdown,illustrated through the dynamics of ischemic stroke as a case study.Through this exploration,we seek to underscore the complexity of blood–brain barrier dysfunction and its implications for the pathogenesis and therapy of brain diseases.

Refractory lipoatrophy treated with autologous whole blood injection:A case report

BACKGROUND Intramuscular corticosteroid injection may cause adverse effects such as dermal and/or subcutaneous atrophy,alopecia,hypopigmentation,and hyperpigmentation.Although cutaneous atrophy can spontaneously resolve,several treatment options have been suggested for this condition.CASE SUMMARY In this paper,we report a case of corticosteroid injection induced lipoatrophy treated with autologous whole blood(AWB)injection,as the condition had been unresponsive to fractional laser therapy.A 29-year-old female patient visited the dermatology clinic complaining of skin depression on her right buttock area,which had appeared six months earlier.There had been only subtle improvement at the margins after fractional CO2 laser treatment;therefore,after obtaining informed consent from the patient,AWB treatment was initiated.One month after the first AWB injection,the size and depth of the lesion had noticeably improved,and a slight improvement was also observed in discoloration.CONCLUSION Close observation is the initial treatment of choice for steroid induced skin atrophy;however,for patients in need of immediate cosmetic improvement,AWB injection may be a safe and cost-effective alternative.

Blood diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a devastating neurodegenerative disease for which the current treatment approaches remain severely limited.The principal pathological alterations of the disease include the selective degeneration of motor neurons in the brain,brainstem,and spinal cord,as well as abnormal protein deposition in the cytoplasm of neurons and glial cells.The biological markers under extensive scrutiny are predominantly located in the cerebrospinal fluid,blood,and even urine.Among these biomarke rs,neurofilament proteins and glial fibrillary acidic protein most accurately reflect the pathologic changes in the central nervous system,while creatinine and creatine kinase mainly indicate pathological alterations in the peripheral nerves and muscles.Neurofilament light chain levels serve as an indicator of neuronal axonal injury that remain stable throughout disease progression and are a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker with high specificity and sensitivity.However,there are challenges in using neurofilament light chain to diffe rentiate amyotrophic lateral sclerosis from other central nervous system diseases with axonal injury.Glial fibrillary acidic protein predominantly reflects the degree of neuronal demyelination and is linked to non-motor symptoms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis such as cognitive impairment,oxygen saturation,and the glomerular filtration rate.TAR DNA-binding protein 43,a pathological protein associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,is emerging as a promising biomarker,particularly with advancements in exosome-related research.Evidence is currently lacking for the value of creatinine and creatine kinase as diagnostic markers;however,they show potential in predicting disease prognosis.Despite the vigorous progress made in the identification of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis biomarkers in recent years,the quest for definitive diagnostic and prognostic biomarke rs remains a formidable challenge.This review summarizes the latest research achievements concerning blood biomarkers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis that can provide a more direct basis for the differential diagnosis and prognostic assessment of the disease beyond a reliance on clinical manifestations and electromyography findings.

Peripheral blood RNA biomarkers can predict lesion severity in degenerative cervical myelopathy

Degenerative cervical myelopathy is a common cause of spinal cord injury,with longer symptom duration and higher myelopathy severity indicating a worse prognosis.While numerous studies have investigated serological biomarkers for acute spinal cord injury,few studies have explored such biomarkers for diagnosing degenerative cervical myelopathy.This study involved 30 patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy(51.3±7.3 years old,12 women and 18 men),seven healthy controls(25.7±1.7 years old,one woman and six men),and nine patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy(51.9±8.6 years old,three women and six men).Analysis of blood samples from the three groups showed clear differences in transcriptomic characteristics.Enrichment analysis identified 128 differentially expressed genes that were enriched in patients with neurological disabilities.Using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis,we constructed a five-gene model(TBCD,TPM2,PNKD,EIF4G2,and AP5Z1)to diagnose degenerative cervical myelopathy with an accuracy of 93.5%.One-gene models(TCAP and SDHA)identified mild and severe degenerative cervical myelopathy with accuracies of 83.3%and 76.7%,respectively.Signatures of two immune cell types(memory B cells and memory-activated CD4^(+)T cells)predicted levels of lesions in degenerative cervical myelopathy with 80%accuracy.Our results suggest that peripheral blood RNA biomarkers could be used to predict lesion severity in degenerative cervical myelopathy.

Effects of binuclear copper(Ⅱ)threonine complex on blood glucose, lipids and protection of the hearts and kidneys in diabetic mice

Aim To study the effects of binuclear copper （Ⅱ） threonine complex （Cu2 （Thr）4） as analogue of superoxide dismutase （SOD） on blood glucose, blood lipids and vessels of hearts and kidneys in diabetic mice. Methods Diabetic mouse model was established by intraperitioneal injection of alloxan. Low, middle, and high doses of Cu2（Thr）4 at 0.002%, 0.02% and 0.1% were given respectively to diabetic mice following lavage. The fasting blood glucose was determined after the diabetic mice were given Cu2 （Thr）4 for 0, 30, and 45 d. The diabetic mice were killed on the 45th day. Then glycosylated hemoglobin （HbAlc） and blood lipids were assayed, and pathologic changes in hearts and kidneys stained with HE were observed. Results Compared with the control group in which the diabetic mice were given distilled water, the value of blood glucose reduced significantly in middle dose group （P 〈 0.01 ）, followed by that in low dose group （P 〈 0.05）. TC level reduced markedly and HDL level increased significantly in all three treatment groups （P 〈 0.05）. Especially in middle dose group, cardiac muscle fibers were neatly arranged, nucleus and cytoplasm well distributed, glomeruli showing normal structure, cells well distributed and staining being normal. Conclusion Cu2 （Thr）4 reduces blood glucose, regulates blood lipids, and play protective action on the vessels of hearts and kidneys in diabetic mice. The effects of it in middle dose were better than those of other doses.

Blood glucose control in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock

The main pathophysiological feature of sepsis is the uncontrollable activation of both pro-and anti-inflammatory responses arising from the overwhelming pro-duction of mediators such as pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Such an uncontrollable inflammatory response would cause many kinds of metabolic derangements. One such metabolic derangement is hyperglycemia. Accordingly, control of hyperglycemia in sepsis is considered to be a very effective therapeutic approach. However, despite the initial enthusiasm, recent studies reported that tight glycemic control with intensive insulin therapy failed to show a beneficial effect on mortality of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. One of the main reasons for this disappointing result is the incidence of harmful hypoglycemia during intensive insulin therapy. Therefore, avoidance of hypoglycemia during intensive insulin therapy may be a key issue in effective tight glycemic control. It is generally accepted that glycemic control aimed at a blood glucose level of 80-100 mg/dL, as initially proposed by van den Berghe, seems to be too tight and that such a level of tight glycemic control puts septic patients at increased risk of hypoglycemia. Therefore, now many researchers suggest less strict glycemic control with a target blood glucose level of 140-180 mg/dL. Also specific targeting of glycemic control in diabetic patients should be considered. Since there is a significantcorrelation between success rate of glycemic control and the degree of hypercytokinemia in septic patients, some countermeasures to hypercytokinemia may be an important aspect of successful glycemic control. Thus, in future, use of an artificial pancreas to avoid hypoglycemia during insulin therapy, special consideration of septic diabetic patients, and control of hypercytokinemia should be considered for more effective glycemic control in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock.

Effect of hospital discharge plan for children with type 1 diabetes on discharge readiness,discharge education quality,and blood glucose control

BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood.The number of type 1 diabetes patients in China still ranks fourth in the world.Therefore,children with type 1 diabetes in China are a group that needs attention.The management of type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)involves many aspects of daily life.It is extremely challenging for children and their families.T1DM children have complex medical care needs.Despite the continuous development of therapeutic medicine and treatment technologies,blood glucose control in children with T1DM is still not ideal.They and their parents need to acquire more knowledge and skills before being discharged.AIM To explore the influence of hospital discharge plan based on parental care needs of children with T1DM on discharge readiness,quality of discharge education and blood glucose control level.METHODS In total,102 parents of children with type 1 diabetes were divided into control group and intervention group according to admission time.Fifty cases from February to June 2019 were selected as the control group,and 52 cases from July to October 2019 were selected as the intervention group to implement the discharge plan.The Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale,Hospital Discharged Education Quality Scale and children's blood glucose metabolism indicators were used to compare the differences in discharge preparation,discharge education quality and blood glucose control between the two groups of children and their parents.RESULTS On the day of discharge,the two groups of children had the following scores of readiness for discharge:The intervention group score was 225.34±32.47,and the control group score was 208.68±29.31.The P value was 0.007,and the difference was statistically significant.The discharge education quality scores were as follows:The intervention group score was 135.11±19.86,the control group score was 124.13±15.56,the P value was 0.002 and the difference was statistically significant.Three months after discharge,the blood glucose metabolism indicator showed that the glycosylated hemoglobin value of the two groups was(7.45%±1.04%),and that of the control group was(8.04%±1.27%),P=0.012.Therefore,the improvement of parents'readiness for discharge,quality of discharge education and blood glucose metabolism indicators(glycosylated hemoglobin,fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose)in the intervention group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant.CONCLUSION The discharge plan for children with T1DM can help the children and their families realize the transition from hospital care to home self-management and improve the parents'readiness for discharge,thereby improving children’s blood glucose control levels.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HEMOGLOBIN A1C AND BLOOD GLUCOSE THROUGHOUT THE DAY IN WELL-GLYCEMIC-CONTROLLED MEDICAL NUTRITION THERAPY ALONE TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS

Objective To investigate the relationship between glycosylated hemoglobin A1 c （HbA1 c） and blood glucose levels of eight different points throughout the day in well-glycemic-controlled medical nutrition therapy （MNT） alone type 2 diabetic pafients. Methods Data were collected as＂ capillary blood glucose value of eight different sample points among sixteen observing days in thirty MNT alone type 2 diabetic patients. The correlation between HbAI c and capillary blood glucose value was evaluated by Pearson＇s correlation method. Results The r-values between HbA1c and capillary blood glucose of 3：00, 6：00, and bedtime （22：00-23：00） were 0. 81,0. 79, and 0. 78, respectively（P 〈0. 001 ）. The best correlation was found between the mean value of 8- point blood glucose value throughout the day and HbA1c （ r=0. 84, P 〈0. 001 ）. Conclustion Fasting blood glucose and postabsorptive blood glucose have better correlations with HbAlc compared with other points in this group of well-glycemic-controlled MNT alone type 2 diabetic patients.

Blood glucose management in the patient undergoing cardiac surgery: A review

Both diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia per se are associated with negative outcomes after cardiac surgery. In this article, we review these associations, the possible mechanisms that lead to adverse outcomes, and the epidemiology of diabetes focusing on those patients requiring cardiac surgery. We also examine outpatient and perioperative management of diabetes with the same focus. Finally, we discuss our own efforts to improve glycemic management of patients undergoing cardiac surgery at our institution, including keys to success, results of implementation, and patient safety concerns.

Predictive roles of intraoperative blood glucose for posttransplant outcomes in liver transplantation

Diabetogenic traits in patients undergoing liver transplantation(LT) are exacerbated intraoperatively by exogenous causes, such as surgical stress, steroids,blood transfusions, and catecholamines, which leadto intraoperative hyperglycemia. In contrast to the strict glucose control performed in the intensive care unit, no systematic protocol has been developed for glucose management during LT. Intraoperative blood glucose concentrations typically exceed 200 mg/dL in LT, and extreme hyperglycemia(> 300 mg/dL) is common during the neohepatic phase. Only a few retrospective studies have examined the relationship between intraoperative hyperglycemia and posttransplant complications, with reports of infectious complications or mortality. However, no prospective studies have been conducted regarding the influence of intraoperative hyperglycemia in LT on post-transplant outcome. In addition to absolute blood glucose values,the temporal patterns in blood glucose levels during LT may serve as prognostic features. Persistent neohepatic hyperglycemia(without a decline) throughout LT is a useful indicator of early graft dysfunction. Moreover,intraoperative variability in glucose levels may predict the need for reoperation for hemorrhage after LT.Thus, there is an urgent need for guidelines for glucose control in these patients, as well as prospective studies on the impact of glucose control on various posttransplant complications. This report highlights some of the recent studies related to perioperative blood glucose management focused on LT and liver disease.

Effects of Electroacupuncture at Weiwanxiashu and Zusanli Points on Blood Glucose and Plasma Pancreatic Glucagon Contents in Diabetic Rabbits

The Effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at Weiwanxiashu (EX-B3) and Zusanli (ST 36) points on blood glucose (BG) and plasma pancreatic glucagon (PG) contents were dynamically observed in diabetic rabbits induced by Alloxan. It is found that acupuncture at Weiwanxiashu point can significantly lower the BG content and inhibit release of PG; no significant changes in BG and PG are found when acupuncture is given at Zusanli (ST 36) point alone, however BG and PG contents decrease more obviously when acupuncture employed at both Zusanli and Weiwanxiashu, suggesting that Zusanli has a marked synergetic action with Weiwanxiashu.

Parsimonious Model for Blood Glucose Level Monitoring in Type 2 Diabetes patients

To establish the parsimonious model for blood glucose monitoring in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving oral hypoglycemic agent treatment. One hundred and fifty-nine adult Chinese type 2 diabetes patients were randomized to receive rapid-acting or sustained-release gliclazide therapy for 12 weeks.