The American Diabetes Association (ADA) 2013 guidelines state that a reasonable hemoglobin A1c goal for many nonpregnant adults with diabetes is less than 7.0% a hemoglobin A1c level of less than 6.5% may be considere...The American Diabetes Association (ADA) 2013 guidelines state that a reasonable hemoglobin A1c goal for many nonpregnant adults with diabetes is less than 7.0% a hemoglobin A1c level of less than 6.5% may be considered in adults with short duration of diabetes, long life expectancy, and no significant cardiovascular disease if this can be achieved without significant hypoglycemia or other adverse effects of treatment. A hemoglobin A1c level less than 8.0% may be appropriate for patients with a history of severe hypoglycemia, limited life expectancy, advanced macrovascular and microvascular complications, extensive comorbidities, and long-standing diabetes in whom the hemoglobin A1c goal is difficult to attain despite multiple glucoselowering drugs including insulin. The ADA 2013 guidelines recommend that the systolic blood pressure in most diabetics with hypertension should be reduced to less than 140 mmHg. These guidelines also recommend use of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker in the treatment of hypertension in diabetics unless they are pregnant. Diabetics at high risk for cardiovascular events should have theirserum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol lowered to less than 70 mg/dL with statins. Lower-risk diabetics should have their serum LDL cholesterol reduced to less than 100 mg/dL. Combination therapy of a statin with either a fibrate or niacin has not been shown to provide additional cardiovascular benefit above statin therapy alone and is not recommended. Hypertriglyceridemia should be treated with dietary and lifestyle changes. Severe hypertriglyceridemia should be treated with drug therapy to reduce the risk of acute pancreatitis.展开更多
Background: Workers’ health condition is an important issue. It affects not only the well-being of workers but also the firms and society as a whole through medical costs and productivity losses due to absenteeism an...Background: Workers’ health condition is an important issue. It affects not only the well-being of workers but also the firms and society as a whole through medical costs and productivity losses due to absenteeism and presenteeism. Data and Methods: Data were obtained from 1136 employees at an operational site of a large corporation. The dataset contained both medical checkups and working record information. Health factors affecting long-term absence (over three days in three months) were analyzed. Logistic regression models and the procedure for selecting proper covariates based on likelihood test statistics and the Akaike information criterion were used. Results: Among health factors, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and blood sugar levels were important in the selected model. For HDL-C, the odds ratio (OR) based on one standard deviation difference was 0.75 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.59 - 0.95. For blood sugar, the OR was 1.20 with a 95% CI of 1.01 - 1.42. Improving HDL-C and blood sugar levels would reduce long-term absence by 25% and 20%, respectively. Conclusion: Controlling HDL-C and blood sugar levels is important to reduce long-term absenteeism. These factors can be improved by modifying eating habits. Since the operational site has its own company cafeterias, which most employees use, nutritional intervention is relatively easy with little or no cost. It may be worthwhile to implement nutritional intervention, especially for patients with low HDL-C or high blood sugar levels. Limitations: The results of this study were based on one operational site of a corporation. The employees were mainly operators working inside the building. The results may be different from other types of jobs and working conditions, such as fieldwork. Analyses of different types of jobs and working conditions are necessary.展开更多
目的探讨糖脂代谢与子宫内膜癌的相关性。方法选取2017年1月-2022年12月收治于内蒙古自治区包头市第四医院妇科的50例子宫内膜不典型增生、50例子宫内膜癌患者为病例组,选取同期子宫内膜单纯性增生或息肉样增生患者100例作为对照组。对...目的探讨糖脂代谢与子宫内膜癌的相关性。方法选取2017年1月-2022年12月收治于内蒙古自治区包头市第四医院妇科的50例子宫内膜不典型增生、50例子宫内膜癌患者为病例组,选取同期子宫内膜单纯性增生或息肉样增生患者100例作为对照组。对研究对象进行各项糖脂代谢指标的检测。结果病例组患者年龄(63.45±4.35)岁、空腹血糖(6.99±2.41)mmol/L、三酰甘油(3.85±0.24)mmol/L、低密度脂蛋白(4.25±0.38)mmol/L、高密度脂蛋白(1.52±0.47)mmol/L、尿酸(282.56±85.62)μmol/L、身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)(24.56±1.55)kg/m^(2)及胆固醇(4.98±0.17)mmol/L均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论血糖、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、尿酸等代谢指标与子宫内膜癌的发生和发展有一定的相关性,对于存在相关风险的人群,应关注并控制这些代谢指标,以降低子宫内膜癌的发病风险,保持健康的糖脂代谢对预防子宫内膜癌的发生具有重要意义。展开更多
文摘The American Diabetes Association (ADA) 2013 guidelines state that a reasonable hemoglobin A1c goal for many nonpregnant adults with diabetes is less than 7.0% a hemoglobin A1c level of less than 6.5% may be considered in adults with short duration of diabetes, long life expectancy, and no significant cardiovascular disease if this can be achieved without significant hypoglycemia or other adverse effects of treatment. A hemoglobin A1c level less than 8.0% may be appropriate for patients with a history of severe hypoglycemia, limited life expectancy, advanced macrovascular and microvascular complications, extensive comorbidities, and long-standing diabetes in whom the hemoglobin A1c goal is difficult to attain despite multiple glucoselowering drugs including insulin. The ADA 2013 guidelines recommend that the systolic blood pressure in most diabetics with hypertension should be reduced to less than 140 mmHg. These guidelines also recommend use of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker in the treatment of hypertension in diabetics unless they are pregnant. Diabetics at high risk for cardiovascular events should have theirserum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol lowered to less than 70 mg/dL with statins. Lower-risk diabetics should have their serum LDL cholesterol reduced to less than 100 mg/dL. Combination therapy of a statin with either a fibrate or niacin has not been shown to provide additional cardiovascular benefit above statin therapy alone and is not recommended. Hypertriglyceridemia should be treated with dietary and lifestyle changes. Severe hypertriglyceridemia should be treated with drug therapy to reduce the risk of acute pancreatitis.
文摘Background: Workers’ health condition is an important issue. It affects not only the well-being of workers but also the firms and society as a whole through medical costs and productivity losses due to absenteeism and presenteeism. Data and Methods: Data were obtained from 1136 employees at an operational site of a large corporation. The dataset contained both medical checkups and working record information. Health factors affecting long-term absence (over three days in three months) were analyzed. Logistic regression models and the procedure for selecting proper covariates based on likelihood test statistics and the Akaike information criterion were used. Results: Among health factors, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and blood sugar levels were important in the selected model. For HDL-C, the odds ratio (OR) based on one standard deviation difference was 0.75 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.59 - 0.95. For blood sugar, the OR was 1.20 with a 95% CI of 1.01 - 1.42. Improving HDL-C and blood sugar levels would reduce long-term absence by 25% and 20%, respectively. Conclusion: Controlling HDL-C and blood sugar levels is important to reduce long-term absenteeism. These factors can be improved by modifying eating habits. Since the operational site has its own company cafeterias, which most employees use, nutritional intervention is relatively easy with little or no cost. It may be worthwhile to implement nutritional intervention, especially for patients with low HDL-C or high blood sugar levels. Limitations: The results of this study were based on one operational site of a corporation. The employees were mainly operators working inside the building. The results may be different from other types of jobs and working conditions, such as fieldwork. Analyses of different types of jobs and working conditions are necessary.
文摘目的探讨糖脂代谢与子宫内膜癌的相关性。方法选取2017年1月-2022年12月收治于内蒙古自治区包头市第四医院妇科的50例子宫内膜不典型增生、50例子宫内膜癌患者为病例组,选取同期子宫内膜单纯性增生或息肉样增生患者100例作为对照组。对研究对象进行各项糖脂代谢指标的检测。结果病例组患者年龄(63.45±4.35)岁、空腹血糖(6.99±2.41)mmol/L、三酰甘油(3.85±0.24)mmol/L、低密度脂蛋白(4.25±0.38)mmol/L、高密度脂蛋白(1.52±0.47)mmol/L、尿酸(282.56±85.62)μmol/L、身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)(24.56±1.55)kg/m^(2)及胆固醇(4.98±0.17)mmol/L均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论血糖、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、尿酸等代谢指标与子宫内膜癌的发生和发展有一定的相关性,对于存在相关风险的人群,应关注并控制这些代谢指标,以降低子宫内膜癌的发病风险,保持健康的糖脂代谢对预防子宫内膜癌的发生具有重要意义。
