The Correlation between the Activities of Digestive Enzymes in the Pancreas and Blood Serum in Chicken

It is presently an established fact that pancreatic enzymes (amylase, lipase, and trypsin) can enter the bloodstream as well as the intestine. These enzymes normally circulate within the bloodstream in definite concentration ranges. There is a lack of available information on the interrelationships between the enzymatic activities in pancreatic juice and blood serum in poultry. The study presented was aimed at the determination of possible correlation between the activities of the digestive enzymes in pancreatic juice or pancreatic tissue and in blood serum in chicken. The study was performed on Leghorn cockerels with chronically fistulated main pancreatic duct, and broiler chicks at different ages (14, 24, 28, and 35 days). Activities of all digestive enzymes in pancreatic juice in cockerels were found to grow in 1 hr after the feeding: amylase by 1.8 times, lipase 1.5 times, and proteases 1.3 times compared to basal level (after starving). Activity of trypsin in serum significantly increased by 67.4% in 1 hr after the feeding (P 0.001) while activities of amylase and lipase remained at their respective preprandial levels. The activities of pancreatic enzymes in the pancreas and blood serum in broilers at different ages were positively correlated: r = 0.54 for amylase, r = 0.96 for lipase, and r = 0.99 for trypsin. The strong positive correlation between tryptic activities in the pancreas or pancreatic juice and in blood serum in chicken can be a starting point for further research on the functions of circulatory trypsin which can include the regulation of exocrine pancreatic activity and other vital functions.

Left ventricular hypertrophy in relation to systolic blood pressure and the angiotensin converting enzyme I/D polymorphism in Chinese

Objective There is little population-based data on the prevalence and the environmental or genetic determinants of left ventricular hypertrophy （LVH） in China. The purpose of this paper is to study LVH in relation to systolic blood pressure and the angiotensin converting enzyme （ACE） insertion/deletion（I/D） polymorphism in Chinese. Methods We recorded 12- lead ECG （CardioSoft, v4.2） in 1365 residents in the Jingning County, Zhejiang Province, China. LVH was defined according to the gender-specific Sokolow-Lyon and Cornell product ECG criteria. Results Regardless of whether the Sokolow-Lyon or Cornell product ECG criteria was used, the prevalence of LVH （20.7% and 4.8%, respectively） significantly （P〈0.0001） increased with male gender （odds ratio [OR] 2.33 and 7.15） and systolic blood pressure （per 10 mm Hg increase, OR 1.46 and 1.33）. If the Sokolow-Lyon criteria was used, the prevalence of LVH was also influenced by alcohol intake （OR 1.44, P=-0.03） and body mass index （OR 0.83, P=0.0005）. The association between the Sokolow-Lyon voltage amplitude and the ACE I/D polymorphism was dependent on antihypertensive therapy （P=0.01）. In 1262 untreated subjects, but not 103 patients on antihypertensive medication, the ACE DD compared with II subjects had significantly higher Sokolow-Lyon voltage amplitudes （29.8：-0.6 vs. 28.0-3：0.5 mV, P=-0.02） and higher risk of LVH （OR 1.74, 95% CI： 1.12-2.69, P=-0.01）. Conclusion LVH is prevalent in Chinese, and is associated with systolic blood pressure and the ACE D allele. The genetic association might be modulated by antihypertensive therapy（J Geriatr Cardio12009; 6：131-136）.

Effect of Phytase Enzyme on Organs Growth Performance and Blood Profile of Broiler

Enzymes which are biological catalyst composed of amino acids with minerals and vitamins. The use of enzymes has many benefits in poultry diets include not only enhanced feed conversion and bird performance but also reduced output of excreta problems of environment. The present research work was conducted to evaluate the effect of phytase enzyme on growth performance and blood profile of broiler. Birds were arbitrarily separated into four groups, i.e. Group A (control) was offered 0 g/kg, 0.05 g/kg (group B), 0.075 g/kg (group C) and 0.025 g/kg (group D) phytase enzyme provided in broiler feed. Parameters which were selected in present research work as, feed intake, live body weight, feed conversion ratio, growth performance and blood profile. Results showed that the maximum chicken body weight was noted in group C and feed intake was minimum in group C, as compared to other groups. Feed conversion ratio was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in group C, followed by other groups the non-significantly variance founded respectively, the highest weight of liver, gizzard, heart, intestine were noted in treated group C comparatively, highest spleen weight was in group B and in group A (control) the minimum weight of spleen was noted and the average blood profile of broiler chicks in different groups, the white blood cells was significantly higher in group D followed by group A, group B and C. Red blood cells was significantly (P < 0.05) better in group C. Haemoglobin was significant differences in different groups of trial. A significant (P < 0.05) difference in Packed cells volume in group A followed by group B, C and D. Total protein in group A was minimum followed by group B, C and D, respectively. From the present study, it was concluded that supplementation of 0.075 g/kg phytase enzyme has a better effect on growth performance and blood profile of broiler.

Effects of different doses of ticagrelor on coronary blood flow, inflammatory response and myocardial enzyme spectrum in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Objective:To investigate the effects of different doses of ticagrelor on coronary blood flow, inflammatory response and myocardial enzyme spectrum in patients with acute myocardial infarction.Methods: A total of 180 patients with acute myocardial infarction who were treated in our hospital between December 2015 and March 2017 were reviewed and divided into the routine dose group (n=87) who accepted routine dose of ticagrelor therapy and loading dose group (n=93) who accepted loading dose of ticagrelor therapy. The differences in coronary blood flow, inflammatory response and myocardial enzyme spectrum were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results: Immediately after admission, there was no statistically significant difference in the coronary blood flow levels, inflammatory response and myocardial enzyme spectrum contents between the two groups. At 24 h after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the coronary blood flow parameters SPV, DPV and CFVR levels in loading dose group were higher than those in routine dose group;serum inflammatory factors PCT, IL-6 and CRP contents were lower than those of routine dosage group;myocardial enzyme spectrum indexes cTnⅠ, LDH, HBDH and MB contents were lower than those of routine dose group.Conclusion: Loading dose of ticagrelor therapy before PCI can effectively optimize the coronary blood flow after PCI, reduce the systemic inflammatory response and protect the myocardial function in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Blood cell counts and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Evidence from Mendelian randomization analysis

BACKGROUND Previous research has highlighted correlations between blood cell counts and chronic liver disease.Nonetheless,the causal relationships remain unknown.AIM To evaluate the causal effect of blood cell traits on liver enzymes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)risk.METHODS Independent genetic variants strongly associated with blood cell traits were extracted from a genome-wide association study(GWAS)conducted by the Blood Cell Consortium.Summary-level data for liver enzymes were obtained from the United Kingdom Biobank.NAFLD data were obtained from a GWAS meta-analysis(8434 cases and 770180 controls,discovery dataset)and the Fingen GWAS(2275 cases and 372727 controls,replication dataset).This analysis was conducted using the inverse-variance weighted method,followed by various sensitivity analyses.RESULTS One SD increase in the genetically predicted haemoglobin concentration(HGB)was associated with aβof 0.0078(95%CI:0.0059-0.0096),0.0108(95%CI:0.0080-0.0136),0.0361(95%CI:0.0156-0.0567),and 0.0083(95%CI:00046-0.0121)for alkaline phosphatase(ALP),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase,and gammaglutamyl transferase,respectively.Genetically predicted haematocrit was associated with ALP(β=0.0078,95%CI:0.0052-0.0104)and ALT(β=0.0057,95%CI:0.0039-0.0075).Genetically determined HGB and the reticulocyte fraction of red blood cells increased the risk of NAFLD[odds ratio(OR)=1.199,95%CI:1.087-1.322]and(OR=1.157,95%CI:1.071-1.250).The results of the sensitivity analyses remained significant.CONCLUSION Novel causal blood cell traits related to liver enzymes and NAFLD development were revealed through Mendelian randomization analysis,which may facilitate the diagnosis and prevention of NAFLD.

Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Induced Oxidative Damage in Peripheral Blood Cells of Rat

Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field that has elicited much concern due to a variety of applications in different fields such as industry, medicine, and cosmetics. These developments increase the concern among the general population. Hence, there is an urgent need to explore the possible human health effects of these nanomaterials. The present study is aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) in-vivo. In order to study the toxic effects, Wistar rats were administered intravenously with various doses of IONPs (Fe2O3) through caudal vein once in a week for 28 days, and various biochemical assays such as antioxidant enzymes activity (SOD, CAT, and GSH), lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and hematological parameters were evaluated. Genotoxicity was evaluated by comet assay and oxidative stress was measured by anti-oxidant enzymes. The results reveal that IONPs alter hematological factor such as RBC counts, WBC counts, neutrophils, monocytes and hemoglobin. A dose-dependent inhibition (p < 0.05) of antioxidant enzymes was found, and meanwhile the level of MDA elevated significantly (p < 0.05) in IONPs treated groups in dose-dependent manner;however comet assay results indicate that IONPs did not induce any significant DNA damage. The present study concluded that IONP affects inflammatory response, which induces the oxidative stress and may adversely affect the cellular function.

The clinical value of enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique monitoring the plasma concentrations of cyclosporine A after renal transplantation

The feasibility and the clinical value of the enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique （EMIT） monitoring of blood concentrations of cyclosporine A （CsA） in patients treated with CsA were investigated after kidney transplantation. The validation method was performed to the EMIT determination of CsA blood concentration, the CsA whole blood trough concentrations （Co） of patients in different time periods after renal transplantation were monitored, and combined with the clinical complications, the statistical results were analyzed and compared. EMIT was precise, accurate and stable, also with a high quality control. The mean postoperative blood concentration of CsA was as follows： 〈1 month, （281.4± 57.9）ng/mL; 2 - 3 months, （264.5 ± 41.2） ng/mL; 4 - 5 months, （236.4 ± 38.9） ng/mL; 6 - 12 months, （206.5± 32.6）ng/mL; 〉12 months, （185.6± 28.1）ng/mL. The toxic reaction rate of CsA blood concentration within the recommended therapeutic concentration was 14.1%, significantly lower than that of the none-recommended dose group （37.2%） （P〈0.05）; the transplantation rejection rate was 4.4%, significantly lower than that of the none- recommended dose group （22.5%） （P〈0.05）. Using EMIT to monitor the blood concentration of CsA as the routine laboratory method is feasible, and is able to reduce the CsA toxicity and rejection significantly, leading to achieving the desired therapeutic effect.

Mobola plum seed methanolic extracts exhibit mixed type inhibition of angiotensinⅠ-converting enzyme in vitro

Objective: To explore the possible inhibitory potentials and mechanism by Mobola plum(Parinari curatellifolia) seeds crude methanol(CE) and flavonoid-rich(FE) extracts on angiotensin-1-converting enzyme(ACE Ⅰ).Methods: The sensitivity and kinetic model of inhibition of CE and FE on ACE Ⅰ using N-[3-(2-furyl)-acryloyl]-Phe-Gly-Gly as enzyme substrate for ACE Ⅰ was evaluated by Michealis Menten approach. The inhibition mechanism was explored from Lineweaver–Burk model and IC_(50) was determined from Cheng–Prusoff empirical analysis.Results: The IC_(50) of CE and FE were 13.54 and 39.38 mg/m L, respectively. Both extracts exhibited mixed type inhibition with the inhibitory constant(K_i) of CE was between0.38 and 0.37 mg/m L while that of FE showed a two-fold increase(1.62 mg/mL and0.28 mg/mL). FE on ACE Ⅰ demonstrated positive cooperativity with a Hill's coefficient of1.89.Conclusions: The study reveals the superior ACE Ⅰ inhibitory potential of CE over FE and suggest that mixed inhibition pattern of the enzyme might be the underlying mechanism of antihypertensive activity.

The Effect of Cost Effective and Useful Diets on Blood Parameters in Female Mice

The high rate of cardiovascular disease is due to excessive intake of animal protein. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the replacement of the soybean as a cost effective protein on the blood parameters. 110 immature female Balb/c mice three weeks of age were randomized, into eleven groups of 10 animals each based on following diets: 1) low protein, 2) full protein without soybean, 3) full protein with 20% soybean, and 4) full protein with 40% soybean,. The animals received their diet orally on a daily basis for three and six months. At the end of the study period, the blood samples were collected and blood parameters were measured. The data were analyzed with SPSS software using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Results: In the groups that received 20% and 40% soybean diet, the cholesterol, LDH, glucose, creatinine and urea levels showed meaningful decrease, and total protein level showed a significant increase in comparison with the other groups (P However, the mean values of ALT, AST, ALP, triglyceride, calcium and phosphorus did not show significant change among experimental groups (P 0.01). Results of the present study indicated that soybean as a cost effective protein could be suitable replacement for animal protein and soybean may have beneficial effects on health like reduction of cholesterol, LDH and urea.

Mathematical Simulation of Blood Purification for Leukemia by Immobilized L-asparaginase

Plasma was purified in an immobilized L-asparaginase column. The predicted results are in good agreement with experimental data. It is indicated that the mathematical model is suitable for the mass transfer and reaction of blood purification.

Screening Donated Blood for Transfusion-Transmissible Cytomegalovirus Infection among Libyans

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous DNA-containing herpesvirus causes severe and fatal diseases in immunocompromised patients and a prevalent cause of virus-associated birth defects. Blood transfusion donated for neonates, pregnant women, and immunocom-promised patients should be adequately screened for evidences of CMV infection prior to use in clinical management. The effective national programmes for quality-assured screening of donated blood have not yet been fully established, hence this study was undertaken to assess whether any bloodborne-CMV infections pose a significant threat to the safety of the blood supplies. A total of 200 voluntary blood donor subjects admitted to the Blood Bank of Benghazi/Libya were screened for transfusion-transmissible CMV (TT-CMV) using a highly sensitive CMV total IgG and IgM antibody enzyme immunoassay as well as CMV pp65 anti-genemia assays. We determined that the overall seropositivity for IgG antibodies (80.50%) was higher than that of IgM antibodies (39.00%), but only 2 (1.00%) individuals out of these donors were seropositive for the CMV-antigenic protein pp65. The frequency of CMV infection based on gender was incomparable due to the small population number of blood-donated females. According to age, there was not influence of various age groups on prevalence of anti-CMV IgG antibodies, while a progressive increase in seropositivity of CMV-IgM antibodies with age was detected. The age groups were not significantly associated with CMV prevalence. In contrast, only 2 (1.00%) patients were shown to be positive for all three performed assays indicating a recurrent infection. Our findings prove a risk of primary transfusion-associated transmission of CMV and may provide a policy guidance on ensuring safe blood supplies accessible to all patients who require transfusion.

Blood Chemistry and Major Body Organ Induced-Toxicity by Locally-Made Traditional OMGKRP Karuho Poison in Wistar Albino Rats

OMGKRP is one of various Karuho poison mysteriously used by unscrupulous individuals to kill people during conflict and animals in Goma City, in DRC. The symptoms and signs of most cases are usually confused with many chronic diseases like tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS;with renal, hepatic and cardiac manifestations as well as blood chemistry changes. The study investigated the toxic effect of OMGKRP poison on blood chemistry, serum enzymes and organ toxicity including the kidney, lung, liver and heart of Wistar albino rats. A laboratory-based experimental study was conducted. Fifty animals in 5 groups each with 10 animals were dosed daily for 28 days with 1.0 mg, 5.0 mg, 20.0 mg and 5000.0 mg/Kg body weight of OMGKRP and normal saline as control group. International standard guidelines, OECD 407 and NIH 2011 were followed during the study period. The blood chemistry analysis, relative organ weight and histopathological changes in the kidney, lung, liver and heart were performed. The findings showed that OMGKRP was associated with increased blood chemistry parameters including total proteins, creatinine, urea, K+?levels, direct albumin levels, a decrease in Cl&#8722;?levels and albumin levels. Histopathological findings showed an increased relative weight and tissue damages of the lung, kidney, liver and heart. Therefore, OMGKRP Karuho poison caused toxicity on blood chemistry, serum enzymes as well as histopathological changes in the lung, renal, hepatic and cardiac tissue damages in Wistar albino rats.

2016至2020年杭州地区无偿献血人群HIV感染状况分析

目的了解杭州地区无偿献血人群HIV感染状况,为本地区降低HIV经输血传播风险,制定有效献血者招募及艾滋病防控策略提供数据支持。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)和病原体核酸检测技术(nucleic acid testing,NAT)对2016年1月至2020年12月杭州地区902847例无偿献血者标本进行抗HIV-Ⅰ/Ⅱ抗体/抗原和HIVRNA检测。抗-HIV抗体/抗原或HIVRNA反应性标本送杭州市疾病控制中心进一步采用Western blot法和NAT进行确认。结果2016年1月至2020年12月杭州地区共检测HIV确证阳性103例,阳性检出率为0.01%,其中101例ELISA和NAT筛查均为阳性反应,2例ELISA筛查为阴性反应,NAT为阳性反应。103例感染者中,以男性(91.26%,94/103)、18~35岁(69.90%,72/103)、初次献血者(68.93%,71/103)为主。2016至2020年献血者HIV阳性率呈逐年下降趋势(χ^(2)=7.181,P=0.007)。男女献血者HIV阳性率各年的差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=10.336,P=0.350;χ^(2)=0.653,P=0.957)。各年龄组献血者HIV阳性率各年的差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.378,P=0.173;χ^(2)=2.318,P=0.678;χ^(2)=5.284,P=0.259;χ^(2)=9.183,P=0.057)。结论近5年HIV感染在杭州市无偿献血人群中呈低流行水平,但仍存在感染风险,应加强在低危人群中招募献血者并且应采用先进的检测技术,选择合适的检测策略,保证血液安全。

舒血宁注射液联合西药治疗老年冠心病不稳定性心绞痛临床研究

目的:观察舒血宁注射液联合西药治疗老年冠心病不稳定性心绞痛心血瘀阻证的临床疗效,以及对血管内皮功能的影响。方法:选取108例老年冠心病不稳定性心绞痛心血瘀阻证患者,按随机数字表法分为舒血宁组和对照组各54例,其中舒血宁组剔除1例,对照组剔除3例,最终纳入研究舒血宁组53例、对照组51例。对照组给予西药治疗,舒血宁组在对照组基础上给予舒血宁注射液治疗。2组均治疗2个月。比较2组临床疗效、心绞痛发作次数、心绞痛发作持续时间、心肌酶[血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、磷酸肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、磷酸肌酸激酶(CK)]水平及血管内皮功能指标[血清内皮素(ET)、一氧化氮(NO)]水平,记录不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗后,经秩和检验,舒血宁组临床疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组心绞痛发作次数均较治疗前减少(P<0.05),心绞痛发作持续时间均较治疗前缩短(P<0.05);舒血宁组心绞痛发作次数少于对照组(P<0.05),心绞痛发作持续时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组血清LDH、CK-MB、CK水平均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),舒血宁组血清LDH、CK-MB、CK水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组血清ET水平均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),血清NO水平均较治疗前升高(P<0.05);舒血宁组血清ET水平低于对照组(P<0.05),血清NO水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗期间,舒血宁组不良反应发生率5.66%,对照组不良反应发生率7.84%,2组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:在西药基础上联合舒血宁注射液治疗老年冠心病不稳定性心绞痛心血瘀阻证可提高临床疗效,减轻患者的临床症状,改善心肌损伤。

复合酶制剂对芦花鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及血液生化指标的影响

文章旨在探讨复合酶制剂对芦花鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及血液生化指标的影响。试验将600羽体重相近的42日龄脱温芦花鸡随机分为对照组、复合酶1组和复合酶2组,每组5个重复,每个重复40羽芦花鸡,试验为期78d。结果显示,与对照组相比,芦花鸡42、84和120日龄体重,以及42~120日龄、85~120日龄的ADG、ADFI和F/G均无显著差异(P> 0.05),42~84日龄,复合酶2组的ADG显著高于对照组(P <0.05);复合酶组能提高血液TP、ALB、BUN含量和SOD活性,降低GLU和MDA含量,复合酶2组的TG和TC含量均显著高于对照组(P <0.05),复合酶1组和2组的UA含量分别显著(P <0.05)、极显著(P <0.01)低于对照组;复合酶组屠宰率、全净膛率和半净膛率均有所提高,复合酶组胸肌率和复合酶2组腿肌率均显著高于对照组(P <0.05)。综上所述,重庆山地饲养芦花鸡日粮中添加复合酶制剂可促进芦花鸡生长和蛋白合成,优化脂类代谢,提高鸡体抗氧化能力,提高屠宰性能。

富含sn-2位上α-亚麻酸的酶法酯交换二元油影响自发性高血压大鼠类固醇激素代谢的探索

该研究旨在探索富含sn-2位上α-亚麻酸的酶法酯交换二元油对自发性高血压大鼠(spontaneously hypertensive rat,SHR)类固醇激素分泌代谢的调控机理,为评价该二元油生理功效并提供数据基础。实验选用7周龄SHR,分为空白、二元油、羊尾油脂、亚麻籽油和菜籽油组,添加10%不同油脂饲料饲喂3个月。ELISA法测定血脂、肝激酶和性激素含量;q-PCR和Western-blot法检测类固醇激素相关基因和蛋白质表达量。结果显示,与空白组比较,二元油组大鼠血中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇提高(P>0.05),肝激酶无显著性差异(P>0.05);睾酮水平高于菜籽油组,无显著性差异(P>0.05);二元油组和羊尾油脂组类固醇激素合成急性调节蛋白(synthesis acute regulatory protein,StAR)、胆固醇侧链裂解酶(CYP11A1)和细胞色素P45017A(CYP17A1)等基因和蛋白质表达显著高于菜籽油组(P<0.05)。由此,可以得出酶法酯交换二元油与其原料羊尾油脂相似,通过改善血脂和肝机能缓解SHR的病症,从而提高睾酮分泌,对其类固醇激素代谢具有有益影响。

能量和蛋白水平对生长育肥阶段皖西白鹅生长性能、肠道酶活性及血液指标的影响

试验旨在探究皖西白鹅育肥阶段饲粮适宜的能量和蛋白水平。选用180只1日龄体重接近、健康的皖西白鹅,随机分为6组,每组5个重复,每个重复6只,采用2×3因子设计高代谢能(12.3 MJ/kg)、低代谢能(11.8 MJ/kg)以及高蛋白(16.3%)、中蛋白(15.3%)、低蛋白(14.3%) 6种不同能量和蛋白水平的饲粮。试验期63 d。结果显示:63日龄时D组(11.8 MJ/kg、16.3%)皖西白鹅日增重显著高于A组、C组、E组(P<0.05),料重比最低;D组肠道麦芽糖酶活性显著高于A组、B组、E组、F组(P<0.05);胰蛋白酶活性排序为D组>F组>A组>C组>B组>E组。研究表明,育肥阶段皖西白鹅饲粮适宜的代谢能、蛋白水平分别为11.8 MJ/kg、16.3%。

黄芩多糖对高脂胁迫草鱼的生长、消化酶活性、血液生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响

为研究黄芩多糖对高脂日粮草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)生长、氧化损伤的影响,实验选取450尾健康草鱼随机分为5组,每组设置3个重复,分别投喂基础饲料(ND)、高脂饲料(HFD)以及补充了0.02%、0.05%、0.125%黄芩多糖的高脂饲料(HFD+SBP),养殖草鱼4周后,取样采集生长、肠道消化酶活性、血液生化、肝脏抗氧化以及肝脏组织病理数据。结果显示:在生长方面,黄芩多糖能抑制脂肪酶活性,显著增强α-淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶活性;显著降低血液总胆固醇(TCHO)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)水平;从而在一定程度上改善高脂引起的肝体比(HSI)、饲料系数(FCR)升高以及增重率(WGR)降低。在氧化损伤方面,黄芩多糖能提高肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活性,显著降低肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量;从而缓解了高脂诱导的脂肪变性等肝脏损伤,显著降低了血浆谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性。结果表明,长期摄入高脂饲料会导致草鱼生长性能下降,引起肝脏氧化损伤;添加黄芩多糖能缓解高脂日粮对草鱼生长、健康造成的不利影响,最适添加量为0.05%。

温州地区三套核酸筛查系统在献血者中的检测比较

目的分析比较Cobas s201、Panther、ChiTaS BSS 1200/PreNAT II三套核酸筛查系统在温州地区无偿献血者中核酸检测(NAT)能力。方法本研究纳入了2018年1月~2023年5月在浙江温州地区无偿献血者586970份血液标本,应用了Cobas s201、Panther以及ChiTaS BSS 1200/PreNAT II三种核酸检测系统进行检测,Cobas s201系统采用6混样检测模式,Panther系统采用单检检测模式,ChiTaS BSS 1200/PreNAT II系统采用8混样/单检检测模式。结果Cobas s201、Panther、ChiTaS BSS 1200/PreNAT II三套系统阳性检出率分别为0.90‰(344/381919)、3.54‰(440/124303)和2.59‰(209/80748),且Panther系统的阳性检出率明显高于另外两套系统(P<0.05);温州地区NAT阳性主要为HBV感染,感染率为1.22‰(717/586970);42例NAT检测HBV阳性标本中主要为隐匿性感染。结论Cobas s201、Panther和ChiTaS BSS 1200/PreNAT II三套核酸筛查系统在温州地区献血者的酶免无反应性血液标本中均能有效检测出核酸阳性标本,从而降低ELISA检测出现的漏检风险,其中Panther系统表现出较高的阳性检出率,NAT系统在发现隐匿性HBV感染方面有显著作用,对于防止输血传播疾病具有重要意义。

青柿子提取物抑制消化酶活性与降血糖效应

为探究青柿子提取物对人唾液α-淀粉酶(HSA)、猪胰腺α-淀粉酶(PPA)、α-葡萄糖苷酶(α-Glu)的抑制作用及餐后血糖变化,以青柿子为原料,采用超声辅助丙酮萃取和大孔树脂纯化法制备青柿子提取物,通过酶活性抑制率分析、酶动力学分析和酶荧光猝灭试验研究青柿子提取物体外抑制酶的效果及机制;通过小鼠实验验证青柿子提取物对餐后血糖水平的控制作用。结果表明:青柿子提取物抑制HSA、PPA、α-Glu活性,抑制类型均为混合性抑制,半抑制浓度值(IC50)分别为(16.18±0.17),(13.57±0.30),(3.22±0.03)μg/mL;HSA、PPA、α-Glu酶与青柿子提取物均有1个结合位点,说明青柿子提取物作用于HSA、PPA、α-Glu酶的荧光发色基团,自发形成复合物,引起HSA、PPA、α-Glu酶发色基团周围微环境的改变和酶内源性荧光淬灭,从而抑制酶活性。动物实验表明青柿子提取物可明显降低小鼠餐后血糖水平,提示青柿子提取物通过抑制淀粉酶和葡萄糖苷酶活性来降低餐后血糖水平。