Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia are the major symptoms of the disease. These motor i...Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia are the major symptoms of the disease. These motor impairments are often accompanied by affective and emotional dysfunctions which have been largely studied over the last decade. The aim of this study was to investigate emotional processing organization in the brain of patients with Parkinson's disease and to explore whether there are differences between recognition of different types of emotions in Parkinson's disease. We examined 18 patients with Parkinson's disease(8 men, 10 women) with no history of neurological or psychiatric comorbidities. All these patients underwent identical brain blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging for emotion evaluation. Blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging results revealed that the occipito-temporal cortices, insula, orbitofrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and parietal cortex which are involved in emotion processing, were activated during the functional control. Additionally, positive emotions activate larger volumes of the same anatomical entities than neutral and negative emotions. Results also revealed that Parkinson's disease associated with emotional disorders are increasingly recognized as disabling as classic motor symptoms. These findings help clinical physicians to recognize the emotional dysfunction of patients with Parkinson's disease.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is among the most common malignant tumors worldwide, and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) technology has become the first-line treatment for advanced HCC. Another important,...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is among the most common malignant tumors worldwide, and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) technology has become the first-line treatment for advanced HCC. Another important, recently developed technique is blood oxygen level–dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging(BOLD-fMRI), which utilizes hemoglobin as an endogenous contrast agent and measures deoxygenated hemoglobin content by sampling the oxygen content of tissues, thus reflecting the hemodynamics and pathophysiologic changes in body organs. Currently this technology is being used in patients with liver tumors;that is, it serves as an important tool in follow-up after TACE. The present paper summarizes these developments.展开更多
Background The onsets of needling sensation introduced by acupuncture stimulus can vary widely from subject to subject. This should be explicitly accounted for by the model blood oxygenation-level dependent （BOLD） t...Background The onsets of needling sensation introduced by acupuncture stimulus can vary widely from subject to subject. This should be explicitly accounted for by the model blood oxygenation-level dependent （BOLD） time course used in general linear model （GLM） analysis to obtain more consistent across-subject group results. However, in standard GLM analysis, the model BOLD time course obtained by convolving a canonical hemodynamic response function with an experimental paradigm time course is assumed identical across subjects. Although some added-on properties to the model BOLD time course, such as temporal and dispersion derivatives, may be used to account for different BOLD response onsets, they can only account for the BOLD onset deviations to the extent of less than one repetition time （TR）. Methods In this study, we explicitly manipulated the onsets of model BOLD time course by shifting it with -2, -1, or 1 TR and used these temporally shifted BOLD model to analyze the functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） data obtained from three acupuncture fMRI experiments with GLM analysis. One involved acupuncture stimulus on left ST42 acupoint and the other two on left GB40 and left BL64 acupoints. Results The model BOLD time course with temporal shifts, in addition to temporal and dispersion derivatives, could result in better statistical power of the data analysis in terms of the average correlation coefficients between the used BOLD models and extracted BOLD responses from individual subject data and the T-values of the activation clusters in the grouped random effects. Conclusions The GLM analysis with ordinary BOLD model failed to catch the large variability of the onsets of the BOLD responses associated with the acupuncture needling sensation. Shifts in time with more than a TR on model BOLD time course might be required to better extract the acupuncture stimulus-induced BOLD activities from individual fMRI data.展开更多
目的 探讨正常志愿者肾脏血氧水平依赖（BOLD）MRI在3.0TMRI机与1.5 T MRI机的区别.方法 选择无肾脏疾病史的上E常志愿者16例,其中男性6例,女性10例;年龄30～65岁,平均年龄54岁.禁食、水12 h,首先在3.0T MRI机（GESigna HDx 3.0TMRI 机...目的 探讨正常志愿者肾脏血氧水平依赖（BOLD）MRI在3.0TMRI机与1.5 T MRI机的区别.方法 选择无肾脏疾病史的上E常志愿者16例,其中男性6例,女性10例;年龄30～65岁,平均年龄54岁.禁食、水12 h,首先在3.0T MRI机（GESigna HDx 3.0TMRI 机）上行冠状位肾脏BOLD成像,扫描参数如下：TR为120ms,采用8个TE（1.5、2.5、8.0、10.0、15.0、30.0、45.0、60.0ms）,卷折角30°,显示野32cm.共采集3层图像,每层图像根据不同的TE值采集8幅图像.原始图像传至ADW4.4工作站进行后处理,次日,同样条件,每位志愿者在1.5TMRI机（GE Signa HDx 1.5TMRI 机）上进行BOLD扫描,条件同上.将2次所测得的双侧肾脏皮质和髓质的R2＊平均值进行对比.结果 双肾皮质3.0 T MRI与1.5 T MRI所测得的R2＊值对比,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;3.0T MRI所测得的R2＊值较1.5 T MRI测得的R2＊值高7.53 Hz;双肾髓质3.0T MRI与1.5 T MRI所测得的R22＊值对比,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,且3.0 T MRI所测得的R2＊值较1.5 T MRI测得的R2＊值高15.89Hz.结论 肾脏BOLD MRI,在3.0 T MRI机所测得的R2＊值高于在1.5TMRI机上测得的R2＊值,以髓质差别更加明显.说明肾脏BOLD 3.0TMRI对肾髓质内氧含量变化更加敏感.展开更多
文摘Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia are the major symptoms of the disease. These motor impairments are often accompanied by affective and emotional dysfunctions which have been largely studied over the last decade. The aim of this study was to investigate emotional processing organization in the brain of patients with Parkinson's disease and to explore whether there are differences between recognition of different types of emotions in Parkinson's disease. We examined 18 patients with Parkinson's disease(8 men, 10 women) with no history of neurological or psychiatric comorbidities. All these patients underwent identical brain blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging for emotion evaluation. Blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging results revealed that the occipito-temporal cortices, insula, orbitofrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and parietal cortex which are involved in emotion processing, were activated during the functional control. Additionally, positive emotions activate larger volumes of the same anatomical entities than neutral and negative emotions. Results also revealed that Parkinson's disease associated with emotional disorders are increasingly recognized as disabling as classic motor symptoms. These findings help clinical physicians to recognize the emotional dysfunction of patients with Parkinson's disease.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81571784 30870695)+2 种基金the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Hunan (2019JJ531)the Foundation of Hunan Province and Technology Department, China (No. 2015SF2020-4)the Foundation of Hunan Provincial Development and the Reform Commission, China (No. 201583)
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is among the most common malignant tumors worldwide, and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) technology has become the first-line treatment for advanced HCC. Another important, recently developed technique is blood oxygen level–dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging(BOLD-fMRI), which utilizes hemoglobin as an endogenous contrast agent and measures deoxygenated hemoglobin content by sampling the oxygen content of tissues, thus reflecting the hemodynamics and pathophysiologic changes in body organs. Currently this technology is being used in patients with liver tumors;that is, it serves as an important tool in follow-up after TACE. The present paper summarizes these developments.
文摘Background The onsets of needling sensation introduced by acupuncture stimulus can vary widely from subject to subject. This should be explicitly accounted for by the model blood oxygenation-level dependent （BOLD） time course used in general linear model （GLM） analysis to obtain more consistent across-subject group results. However, in standard GLM analysis, the model BOLD time course obtained by convolving a canonical hemodynamic response function with an experimental paradigm time course is assumed identical across subjects. Although some added-on properties to the model BOLD time course, such as temporal and dispersion derivatives, may be used to account for different BOLD response onsets, they can only account for the BOLD onset deviations to the extent of less than one repetition time （TR）. Methods In this study, we explicitly manipulated the onsets of model BOLD time course by shifting it with -2, -1, or 1 TR and used these temporally shifted BOLD model to analyze the functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） data obtained from three acupuncture fMRI experiments with GLM analysis. One involved acupuncture stimulus on left ST42 acupoint and the other two on left GB40 and left BL64 acupoints. Results The model BOLD time course with temporal shifts, in addition to temporal and dispersion derivatives, could result in better statistical power of the data analysis in terms of the average correlation coefficients between the used BOLD models and extracted BOLD responses from individual subject data and the T-values of the activation clusters in the grouped random effects. Conclusions The GLM analysis with ordinary BOLD model failed to catch the large variability of the onsets of the BOLD responses associated with the acupuncture needling sensation. Shifts in time with more than a TR on model BOLD time course might be required to better extract the acupuncture stimulus-induced BOLD activities from individual fMRI data.
文摘目的 探讨正常志愿者肾脏血氧水平依赖（BOLD）MRI在3.0TMRI机与1.5 T MRI机的区别.方法 选择无肾脏疾病史的上E常志愿者16例,其中男性6例,女性10例;年龄30～65岁,平均年龄54岁.禁食、水12 h,首先在3.0T MRI机（GESigna HDx 3.0TMRI 机）上行冠状位肾脏BOLD成像,扫描参数如下：TR为120ms,采用8个TE（1.5、2.5、8.0、10.0、15.0、30.0、45.0、60.0ms）,卷折角30°,显示野32cm.共采集3层图像,每层图像根据不同的TE值采集8幅图像.原始图像传至ADW4.4工作站进行后处理,次日,同样条件,每位志愿者在1.5TMRI机（GE Signa HDx 1.5TMRI 机）上进行BOLD扫描,条件同上.将2次所测得的双侧肾脏皮质和髓质的R2＊平均值进行对比.结果 双肾皮质3.0 T MRI与1.5 T MRI所测得的R2＊值对比,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;3.0T MRI所测得的R2＊值较1.5 T MRI测得的R2＊值高7.53 Hz;双肾髓质3.0T MRI与1.5 T MRI所测得的R22＊值对比,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,且3.0 T MRI所测得的R2＊值较1.5 T MRI测得的R2＊值高15.89Hz.结论 肾脏BOLD MRI,在3.0 T MRI机所测得的R2＊值高于在1.5TMRI机上测得的R2＊值,以髓质差别更加明显.说明肾脏BOLD 3.0TMRI对肾髓质内氧含量变化更加敏感.
