Flow injection spectrophotometric determination of vitamin E in pharmaceuticals,milk powder and blood serum using potassium ferricyanide-Fe(Ⅲ) detection system

A simple and sensitive flow injection spectrophotometric method is reported for the determination of vitamin E using potassium ferricyanide-Fe(Ⅲ) detection system.In the presence of vitamin E,Fe(Ⅲ)/ferricyanide reduces.The in situ reduced ions are then reacted with unreduced portion of ferricyanide/Fe(Ⅲ) to make soluble Prussian blue,which is monitored at absorption wavelength of 735 nm.Linear calibration graph was obtained in the concentration range of 0.1-40μg mL^(-1).The relative standard deviations (n=4) were in the range of 1.1-3.6%,with limits of detection(3 s blank) of 0.04μg mL^(-1).The proposed method allowed 12 injections h^(-1).The method is applied to determine vitamin E in pharmaceuticals,infant milk and blood serum samples using hexane extraction with the recoveries in the range of 93±3 to 97.5±4%.The method is validated using certified reference materials SRM 968c for blood serum samples.

Monitoring of Heart Ischemia in Blood Serum

Our aim was to study the selected cases of the patients with ischemic heart disease and to analyze the structure of blood serum of patients in comparison with control serum of healthy subjects by methods: synchronous fluorescence fingerprint and atomic force microscopy that are still not used in clinical practice. Our results of fluorescence analysis showed that blood serum of all patients with ischemic heart disease decreased intensity of fluorescence in comparison with control blood serum. Endogenous fluorescence of synchronous fluorescence fingerprint of blood serum of patients with unstable angina pectoris state after non ST elevation myocardial infarction;angina pectoris and arterial hypertension 3 was similar, but atomic force microscopy revealed differences in the structure of blood serum of patients with the angina pectoris. Blood serum of patients with angina pectoris exhibited disappearance of fluorescence peak with maximum fluorescence and showed lower fluorescence intensity than control blood serum and blood serum of patients with arterial hypertension 2. Profiles of synchronous fluorescence fingerprint of blood serum of patients with arterial hypertension stage 2 showed formation of the new fluorescent peak with maximum fluorescence, similar shape of synchronous fluorescence fingerprint and higher fluorescence intensity than blood serum of healthy subjects. Blood serum sensitively revealed changes in the body by using untraditional novel techniques which enable the analysis of the mixture of blood serum and might be a new possibility in study of heart ischemia diseases.

The Correlation between the Activities of Digestive Enzymes in the Pancreas and Blood Serum in Chicken

It is presently an established fact that pancreatic enzymes (amylase, lipase, and trypsin) can enter the bloodstream as well as the intestine. These enzymes normally circulate within the bloodstream in definite concentration ranges. There is a lack of available information on the interrelationships between the enzymatic activities in pancreatic juice and blood serum in poultry. The study presented was aimed at the determination of possible correlation between the activities of the digestive enzymes in pancreatic juice or pancreatic tissue and in blood serum in chicken. The study was performed on Leghorn cockerels with chronically fistulated main pancreatic duct, and broiler chicks at different ages (14, 24, 28, and 35 days). Activities of all digestive enzymes in pancreatic juice in cockerels were found to grow in 1 hr after the feeding: amylase by 1.8 times, lipase 1.5 times, and proteases 1.3 times compared to basal level (after starving). Activity of trypsin in serum significantly increased by 67.4% in 1 hr after the feeding (P 0.001) while activities of amylase and lipase remained at their respective preprandial levels. The activities of pancreatic enzymes in the pancreas and blood serum in broilers at different ages were positively correlated: r = 0.54 for amylase, r = 0.96 for lipase, and r = 0.99 for trypsin. The strong positive correlation between tryptic activities in the pancreas or pancreatic juice and in blood serum in chicken can be a starting point for further research on the functions of circulatory trypsin which can include the regulation of exocrine pancreatic activity and other vital functions.

Age and Gender Differences in Cytokine Profile of Lymph and Blood Serum

We studied the cytokine profile (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, GM-CSF, interferon-γ, TNFα,) of the lymph, blood serum and conditioned medium of the lymph cells of Wistar rats. It was found that the concentration of cytokines investigated in the lymph of Wistar rats was significantly higher compared to the serum. Age and gender differences between the concentration of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the lymph and blood serum were found. The concentration of the cytokines was determined using the test system “Bio-Rad”.

Altered Levels of Blood Glucose and Serum Lipids in Sudanese Patients with Ovarian Cancer

Background: The etiology of ovarian cancer is not well-understood;numerous metabolomics profiling, epidemiological, and hospital-based case control studies have associated abnormal levels of blood glucose and serum lipids with the risk and the prognosis of various types of cancers including ovarian cancer. The association between the risk of the incidence of ovarian cancer and the alterations in the levels of blood glucose and serum lipids is not well defined. Objective: In this study we aimed to compare the levels of blood glucose, triacylglycerols, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with different stages of ovarian cancer and healthy controls to determine how they relate to the risk and prognosis of ovarian cancer. Methodology: In a case-control cross sectional study, we enrolled ninety-nine Sudanese women, diagnosed with ovarian cancer but had not received any kind of treatment as the study group, and a control group of forty-one age-matched, apparently healthy women. The patients were classified according to the International Federation of Obstetricians and Gynecologists staging system into two groups: early stages (stage I & II) and late stages (stages III & IV). Blood glucose and serum lipids;triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were determined by enzymatic colorimetric methods using commercially available analytical kits. The IBM SPSS version 20 software was used for statistical analysis. A Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of the median concentrations of blood glucose, triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the study groups. Logistic regression model was used to estimate the relative risk of ovarian cancer in relation to levels of blood glucose and serum lipids. P value of 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Our data indicated significantly higher levels of blood glucose (p < 0.001), triacylglycerols (p = 0.002), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.001), and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.023), in ovarian cancer patients compared to the control subjects. No significant difference was found in the levels of blood glucose or any of the serum lipids between patients in the early stages (stage I & II) and those in late stages (stage III & IV) of ovarian cancer. The logistic regression analysis indicated significant association between the elevated levels of the blood glucose, triacylglycerols and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of the ovarian cancer. Conclusion: We conclude that the levels of blood glucose, triacylglycerols, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol differ significantly between ovarian cancer patients and the healthy control subjects. The risk of ovarian cancer was positively associated with the levels of blood glucose, triacylglycerols and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and negatively associated with levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Therefore, determination of blood glucose and serum lipids, particularly, triacylglycerols, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol may be helpful as diagnostic indicators of ovarian cancer (OC).

Effect of Purified Paper Wasp Ropalidia marginata Venom Toxins on Different Biomolecules in Mice Serum

This study evaluated the effects of purified paper wasp Ropalidia marginata venoms on various biomolecules in the blood serum of albino mice. Changes in the concentration of some important macromolecules, i.e., proteins, free amino acids, uric acid, cholesterol, pyruvic acid, total lipids and glucose were noted down. These alterations were measured after intraperitoneal injection of 40% and 80% 24-hour LD50 purified Ropalidia marginata venom toxin. Serum total protein levels were found to decrease to 78% after 6 hrs, while serum free amino acid levels were significantly increased to 117% 6 hrs after venom injection compared to control. It was also found that serum uric acid levels increased to 138% after 8 hrs of venom injection compared to control. The increase in serum cholesterol i.e. (101% and 106%) and pyruvic acid increased significantly to a maximum value of 106% after 6 hrs of treatment at 40% LD50. Glycogen levels in the gastrocnemius muscle were found to decrease significantly (p-0.05) to 43% and 92% at LD50 after injection of purified Ropalidia marginata venom after 8 h and 80% at LD50 compared to control. Moreover, up to 71% and 81% were obtained at 10 hrs of treatment with the same dose. In the present study, the purified toxins significantly changed the levels of biomolecules in blood serum, indicating their wider effects on cellular physiology due to toxic effects and stress on the animal. These toxins can be good antigens and stimulate immune responses in experimental mice.

Study on the echinococcosis blood serum detection based on Raman spectroscopy combined with neural network

A Raman spectroscopy method combined with neural network is used for the invasive and rapid detection of echinococcosis. The Raman spectroscopy measurements are performed on two groups of blood serum samples,which are from 28 echinococcosis patients and 38 healthy persons,respectively. The normalized Raman reflection spectra show that the reflectivity of the echinococcosis blood serum is higher than that of the normal human blood serum in the wavelength ranges of 101—175 nm and 1 801—2 701 nm. Then the principal component analysis(PCA) and back propagation neural network(BPNN) model are used to obtain the diagnosis results. The diagnosis rates for healthy persons and echinococcosis persons are 93.333 3% and 90.909 1%,respectively,so the average final diagnosis rate is 92.121 2%. The results demonstrate that the Raman spectroscopy analysis of blood serum combined with PCA-BPNN has considerable potential for the non-invasive and rapid detection of echinococcosis.

Determination of Magnesium in whole Blood and Serum of Ischemic Heart Disease(IHD) Patients by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination of magnesium in whole blood and serum of ischemic heart disease patients and control with different ages and sex was proposed. The limiting interfering phosphate/magnesium ratio have been estimates.2%w/v AlCl3.6H2O was found to be very influential in removing phosphate interference effects. The detection limit was 0.065 μg/mL .Magnesium added to blood and serum sample, and carried through this method may be recovered completely (96% - 100%) recovery percentage. The suggested method is simple, fast and selective. The statistical analysis of magnesium levels in blood and serum showed that blood and serum magnesium levels in patients were lower than magnesium contents of control group. Magnesium levels in blood and serum of males were significantly lower than females and the magnesium levels were age independent. These findings indicates that there was an association between blood and serum magnesium deficiency which can induce an entire array of path physiological phenomena known to be important in ischemic heart disease.

The effects of consumption of raw garlic on serum lipid level, blood sugar and a number of effective hormones on lipid and sugar metabolism in hyperglycemic and/or hyperlipidemic individuals ——Benefit of raw garlic consumption

Diabetes mellitus is one of the worldwide largest growing metabolic diseases. In this study the effects of consumption of raw garlic on serum lipid level, blood sugar and a number of effective hormones on lipid and sugar metabolism (thyroid hormones and insulin) in individuals either with high level of blood sugar or lipid were investigated. Eighty five volunteers having following clinical history enrolled in the study: Group 1: having blood sugar more than 126 mg/dl (30 vo-lunteers);Group 2: having cholesterol higher than 245 mg/dl (30 volunteers);Group 3: having blood sugar over 126 mg/dl and cholesterol more than 245 mg/dl (25 volunteers). In group 1, there wasn’t a sig-nificant differences between biochemical factors be-fore and after garlic consumption, whereas, in the second group after 6 weeks of garlic consumption a decline in cholesterol (P < 0.001), FBS and TG (P < 0.01) was observed but HDL-C (P < 0.001) was in-creased. Six weeks after termination of garlic con-sumption, cholesterol (P < 0.001), FBS and TG (P < 0.05) were in- creased and HDL-C (P < 0.01) was de-creased. In the third group, total cholesterol (P < 0.001), FBS (P < 0.01) and HbA1c decreased while HDL-C was in- creased. Other factors, including thy-roid hormones (T3, T4), TSH and insulin showed no significant alte- ration. In conclusion our results shown that raw garlic consumption can reduce the FBS and Lipid in hyperglycemic and/or hyperlipidemic individuals.

Oligosaccharide and Creatine Supplementation on Glucose and Urea Nitrogen in Blood and Serum Creatine Kinase in Basketball Athletes

Summary： The effects of oligosaccharide and creatine （Cr） supplementation on glucose, lactic acid and urea nitrogen levels in blood and activity of serum creatine kinase （CK） were explored. Twenty CUBA male athletes were divided into 4 groups： group A （supplementation of Cr alone）, group B （supplementation of oligosaccharide）, group C （supplementation of oligosaccharide and Cr） and group D （placebo control group）. By using orthogonal L4 table （2a ）, the experiment was performed. There were factors including oligosaccharide （carbohydrate, CHO）, Cr and their correlation. Each factor had two levels： supplementation and no-supplementation. The results showed that the supplementation of CliO or Cr alone, combined supplementation of CHO and Cr could significantly reduce the glucose, urea nitrogen levels in blood and serum CK activity after competition in the athletes. Moreover, the effects of combined supplementation of CHO and Cr were more satisfactory. It was concluded that supplementation of CliO and Cr could promote the recovery of physical performance and athletic abilities after athletics in basketball athletes.

An Experimental Study on RBC Count and Serum Potassium Concentration Changes During Compression Transfusion of WBC-removal Whole Blood

Objective： To observe changes in RBC count, changes, RBC morphology, and serum potassium during compressed transfusion of WBC-removal whole blood. Methods： Prepared human WBC-removal whole blood and connected transfusion apparatus with different sizes of intravenous detaining needles （18G, 20G, 22G and 24G）. Observed RBC count and serum potassium concentration under different pressures （100 mmHg, 200 mmHg, and 300 mmHg） as blood flowed out of the pinhead end of the intravenous detaining needle. Samples obtained with the 20G needle were smeared on glass slides, and RBC morphologic changes were observed under an oil immersion lens. Results： RBC count and serum potassium changed slightly under different pressures with different sizes of intravenous detaining needles as blood flowed through the transfusion apparatus. In addition, the observation of blood samples under a common light microscope revealed that coarse- prick, oblong, and spindle cell counts in the visual fields increased gradually as the pressure increased. Additionally, a portion of cells had undergone splintering. Conclusions： While applying 18G, 20G, 22G and 24G intravenous detaining needles for blood transfusion under less than 300 mmHg of pressure, no significant RBC count change was found in blood samples in the short term. However, there were significant RBC morphologic changes. The results could offer more basis to ensure the clinical safetv of oatients undereoing blood transfilsion.

人外周血血清培养人脐带间充质干细胞定向诱导为神经干细胞

背景:细胞培养基种类甚多,成分不尽相同,对细胞生长影响较大。国内外有多项研究采用无血清、含胎牛血清的培养基进行体外扩增培养,但应用含人外周血血清的培养基将人脐带间充质干细胞定向诱导为神经干细胞以及人外周血血清促进神经干细胞分化为其他神经细胞,目前相关研究较少。目的:观察人外周血血清培养的人脐带间充质干细胞定向诱导为神经干细胞的可行性。方法:①采用含体积分数10%人外周血血清的DMEM/F12培养基培养人脐带间充质干细胞,传代培养至第3代时应用流式细胞仪分析其表面标志物,并通过茜素红染色对其成骨分化能力进行检测;②取第3代人脐带间充质干细胞,加入培养体系为含0.5%N2、1.5%B27、20 ng/mL碱性成纤维细胞生长因子和20 ng/mL表皮生长因子的DMEM/F12培养基定向诱导为神经干细胞,对其表面标志物进行鉴定;③取生长状态良好的人脐带间充质干细胞源性神经干细胞,制备成单细胞悬液,均匀接种于96孔板中,加入含体积分数10%人外周血血清的DMEM/F12培养液继续培养8 d后,进行苏木精-伊红染色、微管相关蛋白2和胶质纤维酸性蛋白免疫荧光染色,检测神经干细胞向其他神经细胞分化情况。结果与结论:①经人外周血血清培养的人脐带间充质干细胞呈漩涡状生长且多层分布,排列有方向性;人脐带间充质干细胞表面高度表达CD44、CD105、CD29、CD73,茜素红染色阳性;②人外周血血清培养的人脐带间充质干细胞可以定向诱导分化为神经干细胞,神经干细胞表面高度表达CD44、CD105、CD29、CD73、Nestin、NF-L、GALC;③神经干细胞诱导分化第8天时,经苏木精-伊红染色后发现其伸出的突起长度较长,分支也较多且邻近细胞之间的突起互相连接,呈典型的神经细胞形态,且微管相关蛋白2和胶质纤维酸性蛋白免疫荧光染色均呈阳性。结果表明,人外周血血清培养人脐带间充质干细胞可以定向诱导为神经干细胞,在人外周血血清的作用下神经干细胞随着培养时间的延长,可分化为其他神经细胞。

Relationship between Obesity, Serum Uric Acid, Serum Potassium and Glomerular Filtration Rate with Electric Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Blacks Central Africans with High Blood Pressure

The authors conducted a retrospective study over a period of 6 months in a hypertensive population in order to determine the correlation between serum uric acid on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and estimated serum potassium with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and obesity. This study enrolled 122 patients including 63 women (51.6%). The mean age was 55.9 ± 10.6 years (range 30 to 74 years). Obesity weight was found in 38 cases (31.1%) of which 20?were men (33.9%) and 18 women (28.6%). Abdominal obesity was found in 104 cases (85.2%). The average serum uric acid in patients with obesity weight was 63.3 ± 18.9 mg/L vs 62.4 ± 14.2 mg/L for no-obese patients (p?= 0.63). The average serum potassium in obese patients was 4.06 ± 0.42 mEq/L vs 4.02 ± 0.46 mEq/L for no-obese (p?= 0.65). The average GFR was 73.4 ± 21.4 ml/L in obese patients vs 66.6 ± 22.6 ml/min in no-obese (p?= 0.03). The LVH was found in 81 cases (66.4%). The LVH was found in 65 (62.5%) obese patients vs?16 (88%) non-obese patients (OR = 4.8, 95% 1.04?-?22?p?= 0.02). Only abdominal?obesity has been correlated with left ventricular hypertrophy after multivariate analysis. Emphasis must be focused on public health actions for effective and appropriate measures against obesity and hypertension, whose prevalence is increasing in our region.

纳米硒对滩羊生长性能、血液生化及代谢组的影响

本试验旨在探究不同添加水平的纳米硒对滩羊生长性能、血液生化、抗氧化及代谢组的影响。选取3月龄健康育肥公滩羊60只,按体重相近原则随机分为4组,每组15只,每组3个重复,每个重复5只羊:CON组(含硒0.02 mg·kg^(-1) DM,对照组)饲喂基础日粮,Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组(试验组)滩羊在饲喂基础日粮基础上分别添加0.1、0.3和0.5 mg·kg^(-1)纳米硒。预试期10 d,正试期90 d。结果表明:1)滩羊生长性能组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)Ⅰ组滩羊的经济效益(190.52元)高于其他组(187.85、174.92、131.01元)。3)试验组滩羊的血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶活性和尿素含量分别为13.75、13.25 U·L^(-1);8.26、8.11、7.52 mmol·L^(-1);显著低于CON组(23.00 U·L^(-1)、10.19 mmol·L^(-1);P<0.05)。4)Ⅲ组滩羊的血清碱性磷酸酶活性(494.75 U·L^(-1))显著高于其他组(262.75、228.00、250.50 U·L^(-1);P<0.05)。5)Ⅱ组血清球蛋白含量、总抗氧化能力和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性(42.48 g·L^(-1)、9.91 U·m^(-1)、183.93 U·m^(-1))显著高于对照组(34.13 g·L^(-1)、4.93 U·m^(-1)、89.53 U·m^(-1);P<0.05)。6)通过血液代谢组学分析共筛选出21种差异显著代谢产物,主要富集的代谢通路有泛酸和辅酶A生物合成、碳水化合物消化和吸收、维生素消化和吸收等。综上所述,饲粮中添加纳米硒可改善滩羊的机体健康状况,提高抗氧化能力,这可能与代谢通路调控有关;本试验中,滩羊饲料纳米硒最适添加量为0.3 mg·kg^(-1)。

MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Inappropriate levels of hyperactivity,impulsivity,and inattention characterize attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,a common childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorder.The cognitive function and learning ability of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are affected,and these symptoms may persist to adulthood if they are not treated.The diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is only based on symptoms and objective tests for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are missing.Treatments for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children include medications,behavior therapy,counseling,and education services which can relieve many of the symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder but cannot cure it.There is a need for a molecular biomarker to distinguish attention deficit hyperactivity disorder from healthy subjects and other neurological conditions,which would allow for an earlier and more accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment to be initiated.Abnormal expression of microRNAs is connected to brain development and disease and could provide novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.The recent studies reviewed had performed microRNA profiling in whole blood,white blood cells,blood plasma,and blood serum of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.A large number of microRNAs were dysregulated when compared to healthy controls and with some overlap between individual studies.From the studies that had included a validation set of patients and controls,potential candidate biomarkers for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children could be miR-140-3p,let-7g-5p,-30e-5p,-223-3p,-142-5p,-486-5p,-151a-3p,-151a-5p,and-126-5p in total white blood cells,and miR-4516,-6090,-4763-3p,-4281,-4466,-101-3p,-130a-3p,-138-5p,-195-5p,and-106b-5p in blood serum.Further studies are warranted with children and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,and consideration should be given to utilizing rat models of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Animal studies could be used to confirm microRNA findings in human patients and to test the effects of targeting specific microRNAs on disease progression and behavior.

Autism spectrum disorder:difficulties in diagnosis and microRNA biomarkers

We performed a PubMed search for microRNAs in autism spectrum disorder that could serve as diagnostic biomarkers in patients and selected 17 articles published from January 2008 to December 2023,of which 4 studies were performed with whole blood,4 with blood plasma,5 with blood serum,1 with serum neural cell adhesion molecule L1-captured extracellular vesicles,1 with blood cells,and 2 with peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Most of the studies involved children and the study cohorts were largely males.Many of the studies had performed microRNA sequencing or quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays to measure microRNA expression.Only five studies had used real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to validate microRNA expression in autism spectrum disorder subjects compared to controls.The microRNAs that were validated in these studies may be considered as potential candidate biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder and include miR-500a-5p,-197-5p,-424-5p,-664a-3p,-365a-3p,-619-5p,-664a-3p,-3135a,-328-3p,and-500a-5p in blood plasma and miR-151a-3p,-181b-5p,-320a,-328,-433,-489,-572,-663a,-101-3p,-106b-5p,-19b-3p,-195-5p,and-130a-3p in blood serum of children,and miR-15b-5p and-6126 in whole blood of adults.Several important limitations were identified in the studies reviewed,and need to be taken into account in future studies.Further studies are warranted with children and adults having different levels of autism spectrum disorder severity and consideration should be given to using animal models of autism spectrum disorder to investigate the effects of suppressing or overexpressing specific microRNAs as a novel therapy.

MicroRNAs as potential diagnostic biomarkers for bipolar disorder

Abnormal expression of microRNAs is connected to brain development and disease and could provide novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of bipolar disorder. We performed a PubMed search for microRNA biomarkers in bipolar disorder and found 18 original research articles on studies performed with human patients and published from January 2011 to June 2023. These studies included microRNA profiling in bloodand brain-based materials. From the studies that had validated the preliminary findings,potential candidate biomarkers for bipolar disorder in adults could be miR-140-3p,-30d-5p,-330-5p,-378a-5p,-21-3p,-330-3p,-345-5p in whole blood, miR-19b-3p,-1180-3p,-125a-5p, let-7e-5p in blood plasma, and miR-7-5p,-23b-5p,-142-3p,-221-5p,-370-3p in the blood serum. Two of the studies had investigated the changes in microRNA expression of patients with bipolar disorder receiving treatment. One showed a significant increase in plasma miR-134 compared to baseline after 4 weeks of treatment which included typical antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics, and benzodiazepines. The other study had assessed the effects of prescribed medications which included neurotransmitter receptorsite binders(drug class B) and sedatives, hypnotics, anticonvulsants, and analgesics(drug class C) on microRNA results. The combined effects of the two drug classes increased the significance of the results for miR-219 and-29c with miR-30e-3p and-526b* acquiring significance. MicroRNAs were tested to see if they could serve as biomarkers of bipolar disorder at different clinical states of mania, depression, and euthymia. One study showed that upregulation in whole blood of miR-9-5p,-29a-3p,-106a-5p,-106b-5p,-107,-125a-3p,-125b-5p and of miR-107,-125a-3p occurred in manic and euthymic patients compared to controls, respectively, and that upregulation of miR-106a-5p,-107 was found for manic compared to euthymic patients. In two other studies using blood plasma,downregulation of miR-134 was observed in manic patients compared to controls, and dysregulation of miR-134,-152,-607,-633,-652,-155 occurred in euthymic patients compared to controls. Finally, microRNAs such as miR-34a,-34b,-34c,-137, and-140-3p,-21-3p,-30d-5p,-330-5p,-378a-5p,-134,-19b-3p were shown to have diagnostic potential in distinguishing bipolar disorder patients from schizophrenia or major depressive disorder patients, respectively. Further studies are warranted with adolescents and young adults having bipolar disorder and consideration should be given to using animal models of the disorder to investigate the effects of suppressing or overexpressing specific microRNAs.

Study of blood fat concentration based on serum ultraviolet absorption spectra and neural network

Blood plays an important role in the clinical di-agnosis and treatment, the analysis of blood will be of very important practical significance. The experiment shows that the absorption spectra of blood are of serious noise in the wave band of 200 to 300 nm, which hides the useful spectral characteristics. The effective separation of the noise was achieved by db4 wavelet transform, and the signals of reconstruction have been obviously improved in the noise serious wave band, reflecting some useful information. The absorption peaks of different samples are displaced to some degrees. The correlation between absorbance at 278nm and blood fat concentration is no significant and random. Based on the evident correlation between serum absorption spectrum and blood fat con-centration in the wave band of 265 to 282nm, a neural network model was built to forecast the blood fat concentration, bringing a relatively good prediction. This provides a new spectral test method of blood fat concentration.

维生素D及二甲双胍用于妊娠期糖尿病患者的疗效及对妊娠结局和视黄醇结合蛋白4的影响

目的分析维生素D与二甲双胍对妊娠期糖尿病患者的治疗效果。方法筛选2023年3月至2024年3月收治的200例妊娠期糖尿病患者,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组100例。对照组接受二甲双胍治疗,观察组在对照组基础上配合维生素D治疗。比较2组糖代谢指标、肾功能、血清因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、视黄醇结合蛋白4(RBP4)、内脂素(visfatin)]及血脂指标[三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)],观察2组妊娠结局及不良反应。结果观察组治疗后空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白、稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数、TNF-α、RBP4、visfatin、TC、TG、LDL-C低于对照组,空腹胰岛素高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组血肌酐、24 h尿蛋白总量及血尿素低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组巨大儿、产后出血、新生儿窒息发生率以及不良反应总发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论妊娠期糖尿病应用维生素D与二甲双胍共同治疗的效果更好,可维持糖代谢和血脂水平,调节肾功能,稳定RBP4水平,从而改善妊娠结局,并控制不良反应。

玛咖灵芝片缓解小鼠体力疲劳的研究

研究玛咖灵芝片对改善小鼠体力劳动过度的疲倦状态,增加体力和身体机能的作用.本次实验采用清洁级雄性ICR小鼠作为动物模型,以体重为划分依据随机分组,包括低、中、高剂量组和阴性对照组4组.其中低、中、高剂量组分别给予剂量为0.38、0.75、2.25 g/kg·bw的玛咖灵芝片药剂进行灌胃;阴性对照组为20 mL/kg·bw的蒸馏水灌胃.每天给药1次,共给药30 d.实验期间,小鼠每日进行负重游泳实验,与此同时,使用比色法对血清中尿素、肝糖原和血乳酸的含量进行检测.比色法检测结果显示,与阴性对照组相比较,玛咖灵芝片不同剂量组的小鼠负重游泳的时间明显延长(P<0.05).另外,玛咖灵芝片不同剂量组的小鼠负重游泳后,其血浆尿素浓度均明显低于阴性对照组(P<0.05),肝脏糖原含量均显著高于阴性对照组(P<0.05),血乳酸浓度均显著低于阴性对照组(P<0.05).玛咖灵芝片可通过提高肝糖原含量和阻止血乳酸堆积的方式有效改善小鼠体力劳动过度的疲倦状态,增加体力和身体机能.