Diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA) is a severe and toocommon complication of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Acidosis is one of the fundamental disruptions stemming from the disease process, the complications of which are pot...Diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA) is a severe and toocommon complication of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Acidosis is one of the fundamental disruptions stemming from the disease process, the complications of which are potentially lethal. Hydration and insulin administration have been the cornerstones of DKA therapy; however, adjunctive treatments such as the use of sodium bicarbonate and protocols that include serial monitoring with blood gas analysis have been much more controversial. There is substantial literature available regarding the use of exogenous sodium bicarbonate in mild to moderately severe acidosis; the bulk of the data argue against significant benefit in important clinical outcomes and suggest possible adverse effects with the use of bicarbonate. However, there is scant data to support or refute the role of bicarbonate therapy in very severe acidosis. Arterial blood gas(ABG) assessment is an element of some treatment protocols, including society guidelines, for DKA. We review the evidence supporting these recommendations. In addition, we review the data supporting some less cumbersome tests, including venous blood gas assessment and routine chemistries. It remains unclear that measurement of blood gas pH, via arterial or venous sampling, impacts management of the patient substantially enough to warrant the testing, especially if sodium bicarbonate administration is not being considered. There are special circumstances when serial ABG monitoring and/or sodium bicarbonate infusion are necessary, which we also review. Additional studies are needed to determine the utility of these interventions in patients with severe DKA and pH less than 7.0.展开更多
Red-cell membrane sodium-lithium countertransport (Na+-Li+CT) and sodium sensitivity (SS) were measured in 300 children in Hanzhong.By comparison and retrospective study, the results showed:①In children with higher b...Red-cell membrane sodium-lithium countertransport (Na+-Li+CT) and sodium sensitivity (SS) were measured in 300 children in Hanzhong.By comparison and retrospective study, the results showed:①In children with higher blood pressure(HBP) and positive rainily history (FH+),Na+-Li+ CT rate was signiricantly higher than that in controls (P<0. 01).②6-year retrospective review of blood pressure evolution, the blood pressure increased degree (ASBP) in children with higher Na+-Li+ CT rate was much greater than that in those with lower one (P<0.05), and at the same time,the percentiles of systolic blood pressure (PSBP) for children with higher countertransport mostly kept rising or kept higher levels during this period.③In children with SS, Na+-Li+ CT rate was increased than that in SR group (P<0. 01),and was correlated to the concentration of intra-erythrocytic Na+ (P= 0.004).These suggest that, as intermediate phenotype of essential hypertension, red-cell membrane sodium-lithium countertransport defect could participate in the regulation of blood pressure and pathogensis or hypertension development in children.展开更多
目的:探讨UGT1A6 A541G、A552C基因多态对丙戊酸钠血药浓度的影响。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Medline、Cochrane Library、EMbase、CNKI、万方数据库,检索年限从建库至2024年4月,收集UGT1A6基因多态性与丙戊酸钠血药浓度文献,提取数据与...目的:探讨UGT1A6 A541G、A552C基因多态对丙戊酸钠血药浓度的影响。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Medline、Cochrane Library、EMbase、CNKI、万方数据库,检索年限从建库至2024年4月,收集UGT1A6基因多态性与丙戊酸钠血药浓度文献,提取数据与质量评价,采用Revman5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入文献11篇,999例癫痫患者。Meta分析结果显示,在UGT1A6 A541G基因中,除AG vs GG[MD=0.16,95%CI(-0.39,0.70),P=0.50]外,AA vs AG[MD=0.53,95%CI(0.32,0.75),P<0.00001],AA vs GG[MD=0.67,95%CI(0.10,1.23),P=0.02],AA vs AG+GG[MD=0.61,95%CI(0.45,0.76)P<0.00001],两者差异均具有统计学意义,说明癫痫患者UGT1A6 A541G AA型丙戊酸钠血药浓度高于AG型或/和GG型。在UGT1A6 A552C中,除AC vs CC[MD=0.21,95%CI(-0.31,0.74),P=0.43]外,AA vs AC[MD=0.90,95%CI(0.77,1.03),P<0.00001],AA vs CC[MD=0.90,95%CI(0.77,1.03),P<0.00001],AA vs AC+CC[MD=1.58,95%CI(1.07,2.10),P<0.00001],两者差异均具有统计学意义,说明UGT1A6 A552C AA型丙戊酸钠血药浓度高于AC型或/和CC型。结论:癫痫患者UGT1A6 A541G和A552C基因多态性与丙戊酸钠血药浓度具有相关性,且基因突变可能导致丙戊酸钠血药浓度降低。展开更多
文摘Diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA) is a severe and toocommon complication of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Acidosis is one of the fundamental disruptions stemming from the disease process, the complications of which are potentially lethal. Hydration and insulin administration have been the cornerstones of DKA therapy; however, adjunctive treatments such as the use of sodium bicarbonate and protocols that include serial monitoring with blood gas analysis have been much more controversial. There is substantial literature available regarding the use of exogenous sodium bicarbonate in mild to moderately severe acidosis; the bulk of the data argue against significant benefit in important clinical outcomes and suggest possible adverse effects with the use of bicarbonate. However, there is scant data to support or refute the role of bicarbonate therapy in very severe acidosis. Arterial blood gas(ABG) assessment is an element of some treatment protocols, including society guidelines, for DKA. We review the evidence supporting these recommendations. In addition, we review the data supporting some less cumbersome tests, including venous blood gas assessment and routine chemistries. It remains unclear that measurement of blood gas pH, via arterial or venous sampling, impacts management of the patient substantially enough to warrant the testing, especially if sodium bicarbonate administration is not being considered. There are special circumstances when serial ABG monitoring and/or sodium bicarbonate infusion are necessary, which we also review. Additional studies are needed to determine the utility of these interventions in patients with severe DKA and pH less than 7.0.
文摘Red-cell membrane sodium-lithium countertransport (Na+-Li+CT) and sodium sensitivity (SS) were measured in 300 children in Hanzhong.By comparison and retrospective study, the results showed:①In children with higher blood pressure(HBP) and positive rainily history (FH+),Na+-Li+ CT rate was signiricantly higher than that in controls (P<0. 01).②6-year retrospective review of blood pressure evolution, the blood pressure increased degree (ASBP) in children with higher Na+-Li+ CT rate was much greater than that in those with lower one (P<0.05), and at the same time,the percentiles of systolic blood pressure (PSBP) for children with higher countertransport mostly kept rising or kept higher levels during this period.③In children with SS, Na+-Li+ CT rate was increased than that in SR group (P<0. 01),and was correlated to the concentration of intra-erythrocytic Na+ (P= 0.004).These suggest that, as intermediate phenotype of essential hypertension, red-cell membrane sodium-lithium countertransport defect could participate in the regulation of blood pressure and pathogensis or hypertension development in children.
文摘目的:探讨UGT1A6 A541G、A552C基因多态对丙戊酸钠血药浓度的影响。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Medline、Cochrane Library、EMbase、CNKI、万方数据库,检索年限从建库至2024年4月,收集UGT1A6基因多态性与丙戊酸钠血药浓度文献,提取数据与质量评价,采用Revman5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入文献11篇,999例癫痫患者。Meta分析结果显示,在UGT1A6 A541G基因中,除AG vs GG[MD=0.16,95%CI(-0.39,0.70),P=0.50]外,AA vs AG[MD=0.53,95%CI(0.32,0.75),P<0.00001],AA vs GG[MD=0.67,95%CI(0.10,1.23),P=0.02],AA vs AG+GG[MD=0.61,95%CI(0.45,0.76)P<0.00001],两者差异均具有统计学意义,说明癫痫患者UGT1A6 A541G AA型丙戊酸钠血药浓度高于AG型或/和GG型。在UGT1A6 A552C中,除AC vs CC[MD=0.21,95%CI(-0.31,0.74),P=0.43]外,AA vs AC[MD=0.90,95%CI(0.77,1.03),P<0.00001],AA vs CC[MD=0.90,95%CI(0.77,1.03),P<0.00001],AA vs AC+CC[MD=1.58,95%CI(1.07,2.10),P<0.00001],两者差异均具有统计学意义,说明UGT1A6 A552C AA型丙戊酸钠血药浓度高于AC型或/和CC型。结论:癫痫患者UGT1A6 A541G和A552C基因多态性与丙戊酸钠血药浓度具有相关性,且基因突变可能导致丙戊酸钠血药浓度降低。
