Tumor-Specific Histo-Blood Group Antigens: Apropos of Two Cases

Cancer cells with immunogenic properties having altered protein glycosylation, modified blood group substances have been widely studied. Due to the genetic instability occurring during carcinogenesis the glycosyltransferases may suffer from posttranslation sequence modification. The author describes 2 autopsy cases, where in the background of the unusual metastatic tumor presentation, incompatible blood group antigenic determinants have been demonstrated using blood group specific lectins and monoclonal antibodies (mAb). In the first case, reported here, a 10-year-old girl developed an acute myeloid leukemia and died in a septic endotoxin shock after successful cytostatic treatment of a juvenile signet ring cell cancer of her colon. At autopsy there were no signs of tumor except bilateral apple-sized mucinous ovarian (Krukenberg) metastases. While she had erythrocyte phenotype of blood group A, the signet ring adenocarcinoma cells expressed blood group B incompatible antigenic determinants with lectin/mAb. In the second case, the autopsy of a 78-year-old female resulted in no macroscopic tumor sign except a moderately enlarged, ham hard spleen. Light microscopy revealed adenocarcinomatous infiltration in the splenic sinusoids. The patient had blood group O, while the metastatic cells in the spleen reacted with Breast Carcinoma Antigen (BioGenex) and incompatible anti-B Banderiaeasimplicifolia agglutinin I and anti-B mAb. It proved to be a case of an occult, completely regressed breast cancer. Based on these observations the expression of tumor specific incompatible blood group antigens might occur from time to time, mostly in adenocarcinomas. Accordingly, blood group-based specific immuno-oncotherapy could be considered in some cancer cases.

A Comparative Study Between Tumor Blood Vessels and Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MRI for Identifying Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Gene 1(IDH1)Mutation Status in Glioma

Objective Isocitrate dehydrogenase gene(IDH)mutations are associated with tumor angiogenesis and therefore play an important role in glioma management.This study compared the performance of tumor blood vessels counted from contrast-enhanced 3D brain volume(3D-BRAVO)sequence and dynamic contrast-enhanced(DCE)MRI in differentiating IDH1 status in gliomas.Methods Forty-four glioma patients[16 with IDH1 mutant-type(IDH1-MT),28 with IDH1 wild-type(IDH1-WT)]were retrospectively analyzed.A blood vessel entering a tumor was defined as an intratumoral vessel;a blood vessel adjacent to the edge of a tumor was defined as a peritumoral vessel.Combined vessels were defined as the sum of the intratumoral and peritumoral vessels.DCE-derived metrics of tumor were normalized to the contralateral normal-appearing white matter.Results Intratumoral,peritumoral,and combined tumor blood vessels were all significantly different between IDH1-MT and IDH1-WT gliomas,and the range of area under curves(AUCs)was 0.816–0.855.For DCE-derived parameters,cerebral blood volume,cerebral blood flow,mean transit time,and volume transfer constant were significantly different between IDH1-MT and IDH1-WT gliomas,and the range of AUCs was 0.703–0.756.Combined vessels possessed the best performance for identifying IDH1 mutations in gliomas(AUC:0.855,sensitivity:0.857,specificity:0.812,P<0.001).Conclusion The number of tumor blood vessels has comparable diagnostic performance with DCE-derived parameters for differentiating IDH1 mutations and can serve as a potential imaging biomarker to reflect IDH1 mutations in gliomas.

Frankincense myrrh attenuates hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating tumor blood vessel development through multiple epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated signaling pathways

BACKGROUND In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),frankincense and myrrh are the main components of the antitumor drug Xihuang Pill.These compounds show anticancer activity in other biological systems.However,whether frankincense and/or myrrh can inhibit the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is unknown,and the potential molecular mechanism(s)has not yet been determined.AIM To predict and determine latent anti-HCC therapeutic targets and molecular mechanisms of frankincense and myrrh in vivo.METHODS In the present study,which was based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(http://tcmspw.com/tcmsp.php),Universal Protein database(http://www.uniprot.org),GeneCards:The Human Gene Database(http://www.genecards.org/)and Comparative Toxicogenomics Database(http://www.ctdbase.org/),the efficacy of and mechanism by which frankincense and myrrh act as anti-HCC compounds were predicted.The core prediction targets were screened by molecular docking.In vivo,SMMC-7721 human liver cancer cells were transplanted as xenografts into nude mice to establish a subcutaneous tumor model,and two doses of frankincense plus myrrh or one dose of an EGFR inhibitor was administered to these mice continuously for 14 d.The tumors were collected and evaluated:the tumor volume and growth rate were gauged to evaluate tumor growth;hematoxylineosin staining was performed to estimate histopathological changes;immunofluorescence(IF)was performed to detect the expression of CD31,α-SMA and collagen IV;transmission electron microscopy(TEM)was conducted to observe the morphological structure of vascular cells;enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was performed to measure the levels of secreted HIF-1αand TNF-α;reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)was performed to measure the mRNA expression of HIF-1α,TNF-α,VEGF and MMP-9;and Western blot(WB)was performed to determine the levels of proteins expressed in the EGFR-mediated PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways.RESULTS The results of the network pharmacology analysis showed that there were 35 active components in the frankincense and myrrh extracts targeting 151 key targets.The molecular docking analysis showed that both boswellic acid and stigmasterol showed strong affinity for the targets,with the greatest affinity for EGFR.Frankincense and myrrh treatment may play a role in the treatment of HCC by regulating hypoxia responses and vascular system-related pathological processes,such as cytokine-receptor binding,and pathways,such as those involving serine/threonine protein kinase complexes and MAPK,HIF-1 and ErbB signaling cascades.The animal experiment results were verified.First,we found that,through frankincense and/or myrrh treatment,the volume of subcutaneously transplanted HCC tumors was significantly reduced,and the pathological morphology was attenuated.Then,IF and TEM showed that frankincense and/or myrrh treatment reduced CD31 and collagen IV expression,increased the coverage of perivascular cells,tightened the connection between cells,and improved the shape of blood vessels.In addition,ELISA,RT-qPCR and WB analyses showed that frankincense and/or myrrh treatment inhibited the levels of hypoxia-inducible factors,inflammatory factors and angiogenesis-related factors,namely,HIF-1α,TNF-α,VEGF and MMP-9.Furthermore,mechanistic experiments illustrated that the effect of frankincense plus myrrh treatment was similar to that of an EGFR inhibitor with regard to controlling EGFR activation,thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation activity of its downstream targets:the PI3K/Akt and MAPK(ERK,p38 and JNK)pathways.CONCLUSION In summary,frankincense and myrrh treatment targets tumor blood vessels to exert anti-HCC effects via EGFR-activated PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways,highlighting the potential of this dual TCM compound as an anti-HCC candidate.

Numerical simulation of blood flow and interstitial fluid pressure in solid tumor microcirculation based on tumor-induced angiogenesis

A coupled intravascular-transvascular-interstitial fluid flow model is developed to study the distributions of blood flow and interstitial fluid pressure in solid tumor microcirculation based on a tumor-induced microvascular network. This is generated from a 2D nine-point discrete mathematical model of tumor angiogenesis and contains two parent vessels. Blood flow through the microvascular network and interstitial fluid flow in tumor tissues are performed by the extended Poiseuille＇s law and Darcy＇s law, respectively, transvascular flow is described by Starling＇s law; effects of the vascular permeability and the interstitial hydraulic conductivity are also considered. The simulation results predict the heterogeneous blood supply, interstitial hypertension and low convection on the inside of the tumor, which are consistent with physiological observed facts. These results may provide beneficial information for anti-angiogenesis treatment of tumor and further clinical research.

Application of Circulating Tumor Cells in Peripheral Blood in Judging the Prognosis of Patients with Renal Cancer and Related Indexes of Blood Coagulation

Objective: To investigate the value of the number of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in peripheral blood in the prognosis and coagulation-related indicators of patients with renal cancer. Methods: 65 patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) confirmed pathologically were divided into CTC positive group and CTC negative group according to the CTC count (5 pcs/3.5 ml). Compare the age, gender, tumor location, TNM (clinical stage), pathological grade, tissue type, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, prognosis and prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen (FIB), partial coagulation of the two groups of patients The correlation between the results of zymogen time (APTT) and D-dimer (DD) and the number of CTC. Results: There were significant differences in TNM, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis between the two groups (P < 0.05). The number of CTC in patients was correlated with FIB and D-D levels (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The number of CTC in patients with renal cell carcinoma is correlated with some clinical phenotypes (TNM, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis) and some coagulation indexes (FIB, D-D), and can jointly predict the prognosis of renal cancer.

EFFECTS OF VARIOUS VASOACTIVE AGENTS ON TUMOR BLOOD FLOW IN RAT

Effects of angiotensin Ⅱ and other six vasoactive agents on tissue blood flow of Yoahida rat ascites hepatoma AH109A and normal liver were measured by the hydrogen clearance method. The mean blood flow in the tumor peripheral part under normal tension was 11. 9±8. 2ml/ min/100g tissue and was not influenced by tumor size. Tumor blood flow was more significantly increased in infusion angiotensin Ⅱthan 0.5mg/ ml methoxamine, however, normal liver blood flow of tumor-bearing rats was unchanged in contrast to an Increase seen in the tumor. A pronounced reduction of tumor blood flow was found after administration of epinephrine, norepinephrin and ethylphenylephrine. In addition, metaraminol and phenyleprine as well as 1. 0 and 2. 5mg/ ml methoxamine were not found to significantly change blood flow of the tumor.

ENHANCEMENT OF TUMOR GROWTH AFTER PARTIAL HEPATECTOMY AND BLOOD TRANSFUSION

Female adult BUF rats (6-8 weeks) received Sham operation (Sham); 70% hepatectomy (PH); Sham or PH with blood transfusion (BT or PH+BT). BUF 7316A hepatoma cells were inoculated subcutaneously in the neck of rats on the operation day. Tumor size was measured from day 7 to 20 after inoculation. Sera and splenic adherent cell harvested on day 5 from Sham and PH rat were added into Mixed Lymphocyte Cultures (MLR). The result showed that tumor growth in PH or BT rats was significantly promoted as compared to that in Sham rats (P<0.01,P<0.05). The most marked enhancement of tumor growth was observed in PH+BT rats (P<0.001). Sera and splenic adherent cell from PH rat significantly inhibited MLR (P<0.05). Those results suggest that partial hepatectomy and blood transfusion are responsible for the enhancement of tumor growth. Some immunosuppressive factor might be produced in the process of liver regeneration, and blood transfusion might have an additive immunosuppressive effect.

Clinical Value of Peripheral Blood Circulating Tumor Cells and Cell-Free DNA Combined Detection in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Objective:To determine the clinical value of combined detection of circulating tumor cells(CTCs)and cell-free DNA(cfDNA)in peripheral blood of patients with triple-negative breast cancer.Method:41 patients with breast cancer admitted to the First Central Hospital of Baoding from January 2020 to December 2021 were selected and recruited into the experimental group,42 patients with benign breast cancer admitted during the same period were recruited into the conditional control group,and 41 healthy patients admitted during the same period were recruited into the blank control group.The positive rate of peripheral blood CTCs,the level of cfDNA,and the diagnostic efficacy of peripheral blood CTCs,cfDNA alone and the combination thereof for breast cancer were analyzed.Result:The positive rates of peripheral blood CTCs in the experimental group,the conditional control group,and the blank control group were 43.90%,11.90%,and 9.74%,respectively,and there was significant difference among the groups.The levels of cfDNA in peripheral blood of the experimental group,the conditional control group,and the blank control group were 0.26±0.08 bp,0.17±0.03 bp,and 0.15±0.04 bp,respectively,which were statistically significant.The detection levels of 100 bp hTERT/ng mT1 and 241 bp hTERT/ng-mT1 in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the conditional control group and the blank control group.The accuracy of peripheral blood CTCs detection in the three groups was 66.21%,the accuracy of cfDA241 bp/100 hp hTERT detection was 80.41%,and the accuracy of combined detection of peripheral blood CTCs and cfDNA was 94.03%.Conclusion:The clinical application of peripheral blood CTCs combined with cfDNA level detection can increase detection accuracy,provide data support for clinicians,and improve the clinical diagnostic effect of triple-negative breast cancer.

Alteration of Sex and Non-Sex Hormones and Distribution Features of Blood ABO System Groups among the Women with Uterine Body Tumors

Objectives: The aim of the investigation was to study the hormonal status (sex hormones: estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), testosterone (T);non-sex gonadotropic hormones-luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)) of women with benign and malignant tumors of uterine body in the reproductive, menopause and postmenopause periods. Also the distribution features of the blood ABO system phenotype groups and their link to the development of uterine body tumors have been studied. Methods: The determination of hormones was made by the enzyme analysis method (ELAIZA), provided by the proper ELAIZA kits. For the study of blood ABO system antigens, internationally recognized immunoserology methods were used. Results: Investigations revealed the increased level of E2 and T on the background of the reduced P in the blood of the women with uterine tumors in the reproductive, menopause and post-menopause period. As for gonadotropic hormones, the decreased levels of LH and FSH have also been detected. From the ABO system phenotype groups A(II) group had the highest frequency between the women with malignant uterine tumor in the reproductive age. O (I) phenotype group was the most frequent in case of menopause and post-menopause women with uterine malignant tumors. Conclusions: Hormonal imbalance creates good conditions for the proliferation of uterine tissues and hence causes the development of benign and malignant uterine tumors. The imbalance of the sex steroid and gonadotropic hormones in the blood of post-menopause women indicates on the genotoxic mechanism of cancer development on the background of age-related changes. A(II) group had the highest frequency between the reproductive age women with uterine malignant tumor, while O (I) group was the most frequent in case of menopause and post-menopause patients.

Glioma stem cells and the occurrence of tumor blood vessels

Epithelial glioma is the most common brain cancer,accounting for 35.26%-60.69%of intracranial tumors with an average of 44.69%,and it remains the greatest challenge in the field of neurosurgery.The median survival time of patients with advanced glioma is only 12 to 18 months due to the characteristics of high aggression,and the therapeutic effect was poor though surgery,chemotherapy,and targeted drug therapy being treated.Because of the presence of heterogeneity and the differentiation disorder,only a small number of glioma cells are the source of tumor growth and metastasis,which are highly resistant to traditional treatments.They are deemed as the“seed”tumor cells as they could get rid of the effect of the treatment and reconstruct the organization of tumor.They are also termed as brain tumor stem cell(BTSC)or glioma stem cells(GSCs)since neural stem cells share similar features with them.Recent data reveal that they are directly related with invasion,angiogenesis,tolerance,chemotherapy,recurrence of glioma.Based on the research result by the team,the paper elaborates the characteristics of GSCs and the relationship with the tumor angiogenesis.

3D numerical study of tumor blood perfusion and oxygen transport during vascular normalization

The changes of blood perfusion and oxygen transport in tumors during tumor vascular normalization are studied with 3-dimensional mathematical modeling and numerical simulation. The models of tumor angiogenesis and vascular-disrupting are used to simulate ＂un-normalized＂ and ＂normalized＂ vasculatures. A new model combining tumor hemodynamics and oxygen transport is developed. In this model, the intravasculartransvascular-interstitial flow with red blood cell（RBC） delivery is tightly coupled, and the oxygen resource is produced by heterogeneous distribution of hematocrit from the flow simulation. The results show that both tumor blood perfusion and hematocrit in the vessels increase, and the hypoxia microenvironment in the tumor center is greatly improved during vascular normalization. The total oxygen content inside the tumor tissue increases by about 67%, 51%, and 95% for the three approaches of vascular normalization,respectively. The elevation of oxygen concentration in tumors can improve its metabolic environment, and consequently reduce malignancy of tumor cells. It can also enhance radiation and chemotherapeutics to tumors.

Resilience provides mediating effect of resilience between fear of progression and sleep quality in patients with hematological malignancies

BACKGROUND Hematological tumors are common malignant tumors,with high morbidity and mortality rates.Most patients with hematological malignancies develop sleep disorders that seriously affect their life and health because of acute onset of disease,rapid progression,high recurrence rates,complex treatment methods,and treatment costs.AIM To explore the mediating effect of resilience on fear of disease progression and sleep quality in patients with hematological malignancies.METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of 100 patients with hematological malignancies,treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University between August 2022 and August 2023,was conducted.Patients were assessed using a general data survey,a simplified scale for the fear of progression(FoP)of disease,a resilience scale,and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.Statistical analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between various patient characteristics and FoP,resilience,and sleep quality.Spearman’s correlation analysis was used to examine the correlations between mental resilience,FoP,and sleep quality.RESULTS The total FoP score mean value in patients with hematological malignancies was 38.09±5.16;the total resilience score mean value was 40.73±7.04;and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score mean value was 10.72±1.90.FoP,resilience,and sleep quality of the patients were associated with family per capita monthly income and patient education level(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis revealed that FoP was negatively correlated with resilience and sleep quality scores(r=-0.560,-0.537,P<0.01),respectively,and resilience was significantly associated with sleep quality scores(r=0.688,P<0.01).Mediation analysis showed that the mediating effect of resilience between FoP and sleep quality in patients with hematological malignancies was-0.100 and accounted for 50.51%of the total effect.This indicated that FoP directly and indirectly affected sleep quality through the mesomeric effect of resilience.CONCLUSION Resilience is an intermediary variable between FoP and sleep quality in patients with hematological malignancies.Medical staff should evaluate and follow-up FoP and resilience to implement measures to improve sleep quality.

甲状腺癌患者131I治疗前后CTC水平变化及临床意义

目的:探究甲状腺癌患者放射性碘同位素(131 I)治疗前后外周血循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)水平变化,分析其临床意义。方法:研究对象选取自本院2022年1月至2022年12月收治的108例行131 I治疗的甲状腺癌患者,根据131 I治疗12个月后预后情况将患者分为转移组(19例)和未转移组(89例),与131 I治疗前后比较两组CTC水平,并对两组患者的一般资料进行比较,应用Logistic回归分析筛选影响患者131 I治疗预后的因素。结果:131 I治疗前,CTC水平为15.51±1.67(FR/mL)显著高于治疗后CTC水平8.50±2.30(FR/mL)(P<0.05);未转移组治疗前后CTC水平差值显著高于转移组(P<0.05);两组患者的年龄、性别、住院天数、肿瘤类型、肿瘤位置、包膜侵犯情况、肿瘤T分期、残余甲状腺质量、手术时间至131 I治疗时间、131 I治疗的次数、颈部侧区淋巴结阳性数、是否合并桥本比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),颈部中央区淋巴结阳性数比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示颈部中央区淋巴结阳性数是甲状腺癌患者甲状腺切除术后131 I治疗后复发转移的独立影响因素。结论:甲状腺切除术后进行131 I治疗能有效改善患者CTC水平,出现复发转移患者的治疗前后CTC水平改善程度更低,CTC对预测甲状腺切除术联合131 I治疗后复发转移具有较好的价值,颈部中央区淋巴结阳性数也是甲状腺癌患者131 I治疗后复发转移的影响因素。

血清脂质相关指标与乳腺癌关系的研究进展

脂代谢紊乱与乳腺癌的发生发展及预后密切相关。探索血清脂质相关指标、降脂药物对乳腺癌发病及预后的影响,有助于寻找乳腺癌新的生化标志物,发现新的治疗靶点并对其进行更精准的个体化治疗。本文通过查阅相关文献,就血清脂质相关指标与乳腺癌之间的关系做一综述,为深入研究乳腺癌的发病机制及乳腺癌的预防、诊断及治疗提供新的方向。

外周血未成熟粒细胞在疾病诊断和预后中的研究进展

粒细胞是人体重要的免疫细胞,具有趋化、黏附、吞噬和杀菌的功能。某些特殊情况下外周血未成熟粒细胞增多,意味着病理情况的出现。正常情况下人体外周血以分叶核粒细胞为主,有少量杆状核粒细胞。该文概括总结了在部分疾病中未成熟粒细胞出现的临床意义,如在外伤、肿瘤、感染、应激反应及怀孕等情况下外周血未成熟粒细胞计数及其百分比增加,让读者对未成熟粒细胞有更深的认识,更加客观地分析和治疗疾病。未成熟粒细胞计数及其百分比增加可能与疾病的诊断和预后相关。因此,正确看待外周血未成熟粒细胞对疾病的治疗有积极意义。

植物多糖的生物学功能及其在水产养殖中的应用

随着我国水产养殖业规模逐渐扩大,水生动物养殖中疾病频发、养殖水体污染等问题日趋严重。抗生素和传统疫苗在水产生物养殖中长期使用引发了水体污染、耐药菌株产生、抗生素残留等问题,制约了水产养殖业的健康发展。植物多糖在替代抗生素方面起到了重要作用。植物多糖存在于植物的叶、花、根、茎及果实中,是通过糖苷键连接各种单糖的高分子聚合物,具有安全、高效、低残留、无耐药性等优点。植物多糖具有多种生物学功能,如调节免疫、抗氧化、降血糖、抗肿瘤、改善肠道健康等,在动物生产中应用可以起到改善机体健康、提高免疫力及抗氧化能力、改善生产性能等作用。因此,文章主要综述了植物多糖的理化性质、生物学功能及其在水产生物养殖中应用的研究进展,为其在水产生物养殖中的进一步推广与应用提供参考。

温阳活血汤联合艾灸治疗寒凝血瘀型痛经临床研究

目的:探讨温阳活血汤联合艾灸治疗寒凝血瘀型痛经临床疗效。方法:选取原发性寒凝血瘀型痛经患者60例,将其随机分为两组,其中对照组单纯接受艾灸腰阳关治疗,观察组则接受艾灸腰阳关联合温阳活血汤治疗。观察两组治疗后临床疗效,同时进行痛经症状评分,在干预前、干预3个月经周期后采用VAS评分量表评估两组疼痛程度。另取血清以酶联免疫法检测白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平及前列腺素E2(PGE2)、神经生长因子(NGF)和前列腺素F2α(PGF2α)水平。结果:对照组和观察组总有效率分别为76.67%和93.33%,观察组明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后3个月,两组的痛经相关中医症状评分均显著低于治疗前,且观察组的症状评分均显著降低(均P<0.05);两组的疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)评分和COX痛经症状量表(CMSS)评分均降低,且与对照组相比,观察组的VAS评分和CMSS评分更低(均P<0.05)。治疗后,两组IL-8、hs-CRP、TNF-α、PGE2、NGF和PGF2α水平均较治疗前显著降低,与对照组比较,观察组水平降低更明显(均P<0.05)。观察组和对照组的不良反应发生率分别为6.67%和10.00%(P>0.05)。结论:温阳活血汤联合艾灸可降低IL-8、hs-CRP、TNF-α、PGE2、NGF和PGF2α水平,改善患者痛经症状。

甲磺酸阿帕替尼联合多西他赛二线治疗晚期胃癌的效果及对外周血肿瘤异常蛋白、血管内皮生长因子与基质金属蛋白酶-9的影响

目的探讨甲磺酸阿帕替尼联合多西他赛二线治疗晚期胃癌的效果及对外周血肿瘤异常蛋白、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)与基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)的影响。方法选取2020年3月至2022年3月收治的90例晚期胃癌患者为研究对象,随机将其分为对照组与观察组,各45例。对照组采用多西他赛化疗方案,观察组在对照组基础上加甲磺酸阿帕替尼治疗。比较两组的治疗效果。结果观察组的疾病控制率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的糖类抗原19-9(CA19-9)、肿瘤特异性生长因子(TSGF)及癌胚抗原(CEA)水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的VEGF、MMP-9、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)及白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组的不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论甲磺酸阿帕替尼联合多西他赛二线治疗晚期胃癌的效果较好,可对外周血肿瘤异常蛋白有良好的抑制作用,同时还能调节VEGF、MMP-9水平,且不会增加不良反应发生风险,值得应用与推广。

化瘀丸治疗中晚期恶性肿瘤患者血液高凝状态的临床研究

目的:探讨化瘀丸治疗中晚期恶性肿瘤患者血液高凝状态的临床疗效和安全性。方法:选取2018年6月至2021年12月北京中医医院肿瘤科门诊和病房的中晚期恶性肿瘤血液高凝状态患者72例作为研究对象。采用前瞻性队列研究,根据是否应用化瘀丸分为观察组(n=35)和对照组(n=37)。对照组接受必要的物理对症支持治疗,观察组在对照组基础上口服化瘀丸8周,2组共随访24周。观察2组患者的血液高凝状态改善率、凝血指标变化、中医证候积分、静脉血栓栓塞(VTE)大出血发生,以及不良事件发生情况。结果:4周后,观察组血液高凝状态改善率为43.75%,对照组为29.41%(P>0.05);8周后,观察组血液高凝状态改善率为65.63%,对照组为41.18%(P<0.05)。进一步分析凝血相关指标变化,发现4周和8周后观察组血浆纤维蛋白原(FIB)低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患者中医证候积分改善的总有效率为50.00%,对照组为14.81%(P<0.05),2组患者均未出现大出血情况,观察组未发生药物相关不良事件。结论:化瘀丸可以在必要的物理支持治疗外,进一步改善中晚期恶性肿瘤患者血液高凝状态,缓解血瘀证相关症状。

Chemerin、TNF-α在妊娠期糖尿病患者母血、脐血及脐带组织中的表达

目的测定Chemerin及肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)在妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者及胎儿中的表达水平,探讨Chemerin在GDM及胎儿发育中的作用。方法选择2016年8月至2017年11月产检并分娩的53例GDM孕妇为GDM组,选择同期产检并分娩的59例正常孕妇为正常妊娠组(NGT组)。酶联免疫吸附法测定2组患者血清中Chemerin及TNF-α的水平。实时荧光定量PCR和免疫印迹法测定脐带组织中Chemerin及TNF-αmRNA和蛋白的表达。结果2组母体血清Chemerin水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),GDM组脐血Chemerin明显高于NGT组(P<0.01)。2组母血Chemerin水平均明显低于脐血(P<0.01)。与NGT组母体血清中TNF-α水平相比,GDM组母体TNF-α明显升高(P<0.01)。2组脐血TNF-α水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。GDM组母血TNF-α明显高于脐血(P<0.01),而NGT组母血TNF-α与脐血差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。脐带组织中Chemerin mRNA在GDM组的表达水平明显高于NGT组(P<0.05),TNF-αmRNA在GDM组的表达水平明显高于NGT组(P<0.05)。Chemerin的蛋白表达在2组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),TNF-α蛋白在GDM组的表达明显高于NGT组(P<0.05)。相关性分析表明,GDM组中脐血血清Chemerin与TNF-α水平呈负相关(P<0.05);2组TNF-αmRNA及蛋白的表达均与新生儿体重呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论胎儿发育受到宫内炎症状态的调节,GDM患者脐血Chemerin可通过TNF-α间接发挥作用。