Blue LED promotes the chemosensitivity of human hepatoma to Sorafenib by inducing DNA damage

Background:Phototherapies based on sunlight,infrared,ultraviolet,visible,and laser-based treatments present advantages like high curative effects,small invasion,and negligible adverse reactions in cancer treatment.We aimed to explore the potential therapeutic effects of blue light emitting diode(LED)in human hepatoma cells and decipher the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms.Methods:Wound healing and transwell assays were employed to probe the inhibition of the invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in the presence of blue LED.The sphere-forming test was used to evaluate the effect of LED blue light irradiation on cancer stem cell properties.Immunofluorescence and western blotting were used to detect the changes inγ-H2AX.The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay,5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine staining,and colony formation assay were used to detect the combined effect of blue LED and sorafenib on cell proliferation inhibition.Results:We demonstrated that the irradiation of blue LED light in hepatoma cells could lead to cell proliferation reduction along with the increase of cell apoptosis.Simultaneously,blue LED irradiation also markedly suppressed the migration and invasion ability of human hepatoma cells.Sphere formation analysis further revealed the decreased cancer stemness of hepatoma cells upon blue LED irradiation.Mechanistically,blue LED irradiation significantly promoted the expression of the phosphorylation of the core histone protein H2AX(γ-H2AX),a sensitive molecular marker of DNA damage.In addition,we found that the combined treatment of blue LED irradiation and sorafenib increased cancer cell sensitivity to sorafenib.Conclusion:Collectively,we demonstrated that blue LED irradiation exhibited anti-tumor effects on liver cancer cells by inducing DNA damage and could enhance chemosensitivity of cancer cells,which represents a potential approach for human hepatoma treatment.

The Effects of Blue LED Light on Behavior and Retinal Function in Maternal and Offspring Mice

In the present study, we investigated whether blue light emission diode (LED) light exposure affects the maternal behavior of mice. The brain function of the offspring mice, including short-term memory, locomotor activity, anxiety-like behavior, and depression-like behavior, was evaluated. Pregnant mice at day 11 were housed in the apparatus for exposure to blue LED light during the daytime. Nesting behavior and the survival of pups were observed until weaning. After weaning, the offspring mice were bred in normal light conditions until 12 weeks old, and then the Y-maze test, open field test, and tail suspension test were performed. Retinal functions were evaluated by electroretinogram and histological analysis. Blue LED light exposure during the daytime induced retinal damage, but did not affect behavior related to maternal care in maternal mice. In the offspring mice, blue LED light exposure during the daytime did not affect the retina or brain functions. These findings suggest that blue LED light during the daytime might not be a risk factor for disruption of the mother-infant relationship or offspring brain development in mice.

新型快速的 Blue-LED 快时间探测器标定系统

为了能够连续有规律地监测宇宙线广延大气簇射（ＥＡＳ）阵列快时间探测器和电子学系统各部分的性能随时间的变化，羊八井宇宙线ＥＡＳ实验使用了一套由ＣＡＭＡＣ－ＤＡＣ、ＴＫＯ－Ｂｕｆｅｒ、Ｂｌｕｅ－ＬＥＤ和ＬＥＤ－ａｍｐ构成的快时间探测器标定系统。该标定系统的速度快、易于扩展、引起的数据采集系统的死时间少，对于３０ＴｅＶ以上的空气簇射事例，羊八井二期阵列的角分辨可达０．５°，此外它还能监测光电倍增管周围温度的变化。

Blue LED growth from 2 inch to 8 inch

Growth of blue InGaN based LED structures on sapphire wafers from 2 inch to 8 inch in diameter was investigated using the Veeco K465 MOCVD platform. Our results indicate that the same pressure,rotation rate and hydride flows can be used for all wafer sizes. AFM and X-ray studies reveal that all wafer sizes have comparable high-quality crystallinity and defect levels for GaN and InGaN/GaN MQW growth. Although the larger diameter wafers exhibit larger wafer bow due to lattice and thermal mismatch,with proper wafer pocket design,good wavelength and thickness uniformity can be obtained for all wafer sizes.

Effects of red and blue LEDs on in vitro growth and microtuberization of potato single-node cuttings

The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of red and blue LEDs on in vitro growth and microtuberization of potato(Solanum tuberosum) singlenode cuttings. Explants were incubated under 6 light treatments: 100% red LEDs(R), 75% red LEDs + 25%blue LEDs(3 RB), 50% red LEDs + 50% blue LEDs(RB),25% red LEDs + 75% blue LEDs(R3 B), 100% blue LEDs(B) and white LEDs(W). Most of the growth and physiological parameters were significantly higher in3 RB than W. Enhancement of leaf area and chlorophyll concentrations were obtained in B. Leaf stomata were elliptical with the lowest density in 3 RB. However, those in W were round in shape, and those with the smallest size and the highest density were observed in R. Most of the characteristics of microtuberization were also improved in3 RB. The combined spectra of red and blue LEDs increased the number of large microtubers. The fresh weight of individual microtubers in R and W were increased, but not their number. These results suggest that, of the treatments assessed, 3 RB is optimal for the in vitro growth of potato plantlets and the combination of red and blue LEDs is beneficial for microtuberization.

Transcriptome analysis reveals effects of red and blue lightemitting diodes(LEDs)on the growth,chlorophyll fluorescence and endogenous plant hormones of potato(Solanum tuberosum L.)plantlets cultured in vitro

Red and blue light illumination has been reported to significantly affect plantlet growth.Potato is an important food and feed crop in the world and potato plantlet cultured in vitro plays an important role in potato production.However,few studies have documented the effects of red and blue light on the growth of potato plantlets revealed at the transcriptome level.The objective of this study was to determine the growth and physiological responses of potato plantlets cultured in vitro under monochromatic red(RR),monochromatic blue(BB)as well as combined red and blue(RB)LEDs using the RNA-Seq technique.In total,3150 and 814 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were detected in potato plantlets under RR and BB,respectively,compared to RB(used as control).Compared to the control,the DEGs enriched in"photosynthesis"and"photosynthesis-antenna proteins"metabolic pathways were up-regulated and down-regulated by BB and RR,respectively,which might be responsible for the increases and decreases of maximum quantum yield(F_(v)/F_(m)),photochemical quantum yield(φ_(PSII)),photochemical quenching(q_(P))and electron transfer rate(ETR)in BB and RR,respectively.Potato plantlets exhibited dwarfed stems and extended leaves under BB,whereas elongated stems and small leaves were induced under RR.These dramatically altered plantlet phenotypes were associated with variable levels of endogenous plant hormones gibberellin(GAs),indoleacetic acid(IAA)and cytokinins(CKs),as assessed in stems and leaves of potato plantlets.In addition,monochromatic red and blue LEDs trigged the opposite expression profiles of DEGs identified in the"plant hormone signal transduction"metabolic pathway,which were closely related to the endogenous plant hormone levels in potato plantlets.Our results provide insights into the responses of potato plantlets cultured in vitro to red and blue LEDs at the transcriptomic level and may contribute to improvements in the micro-propagation of potato plantlets cultured in vitro from the light spectrum aspect.

不同波长LEDs光源对苦荞芽菜生长、生物活性物积累及抗氧化活性的影响

为探究不同波长LEDs光源对苦荞芽菜生长的影响,本研究以黑暗(D)作对照,采用单色红(R)、蓝(B)、绿(G)光源培养苦荞芽菜,收获后分别测定其形态指标、生物活性物积累量、类黄酮合成关键基因表达量及抗氧化活性指标,结果表明:B处理的苦荞芽菜下胚轴呈深红色,伸长生长受到强烈抑制,花青素、总黄酮及总酚积累量均最高,分别是D的7.18、2.96和2.49倍;R处理的下胚轴呈浅粉色,上述3种生物活性物积累量分别是对照的2.56、1.68和1.40倍;G处理的下胚轴伸长与R相似,外观呈透明白色,生物活性物积累量与对照无显著差异。B和R均强烈诱导类黄酮生物合成通路上关键结构基因表达,显著增加苦荞芽菜下胚轴抗氧化活性。此外,各单色光处理均未显著影响苦荞芽菜可食用部位的鲜重。由此可见,红、蓝LEDs光源可显著影响苦荞芽菜形态生长,并增加其生物活性物积累及抗氧化能力,以蓝光最佳。

LED白光的亚甲蓝光化学法血浆病毒灭活研究

目的探讨LED白光的亚甲蓝光化学法对血浆中的病毒灭活效果。方法血浆中加入终浓度为1μM的亚甲蓝,以LED白光为光源,比较不同处理方式(10 cm/5 cm照射间距、单侧/双侧照射)、不同照射强度(30000 lx、35000 lx、40000 lx、45000 lx、50000 lx)和不同处理时间点(10 min、20 min、30 min)的血浆中凝血因子的活性及Sindbis病毒的灭活效果。结果在50000 lx照射强度下,随着照射时间的增加,血浆温度逐渐升高,升温幅度为5 cm间距>10 cm间距,双侧照射>单侧照射。5 cm/10 cm间距、单侧/双侧照射对凝血因子Ⅷ和纤维蛋白原(FIB)活性的影响均没有显著差异。以10 cm间距、双侧照射的处理方式作为病毒灭活装置条件参数,用30000 lx、35000 lx、40000 lx、45000 lx和50000 lx的光照强度分别照射5 min后,血浆中Sindbis病毒被灭活,滴度下降均>4 LogTCID50/0.1 mL;照射20 min后,血浆中凝血因子Ⅷ活性>70%、FIB活性>60%。光照强度与凝血因子损失的相关分析表明:不同的光照强度与凝血因子Ⅷ的活性损失没有相关性,光照的强度对FIB的影响表现在照射的20 min以内,照射强度越大FIB活性下降越严重,但照射30 min后不同的光照强度对FIB的影响已没有显著性差异。照射时间与凝血因子的损失高度相关,不同光照强度下凝血因子都随着照射时间的增加而损失。结论LED白光可以作为亚甲蓝病毒灭活方法的新光源,在合适的条件下有效灭活血浆中的病毒,并保留血浆中凝血因子的活性。

LED红蓝光配比对番茄生长和光合的影响

以番茄品种‘普罗旺斯’为材料,在双拱钢架日光温室内进行人工补光试验,设置T1(2R3B,即红光/蓝光珠数配比R:B=2:3)、T2(4R1B)、T3(6R1B)、T4(7R1B)四组红蓝光处理,以不进行人工补光为对照(CK),探究温室番茄生长和光合响应最优的红蓝光配比。结果表明,在T1处理下35d后,番茄的株高、SPAD、蒸腾速率(Tr)和光化学淬灭系数(qP)较对照组分别显著提高26.7%、19.6%、107.6%和34.3%。在T3处理下35d后,番茄的茎粗、花朵数、净光合速率(Pn)、胞间CO_(2)浓度(Ci)、气孔导度(Gs)、实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ)和电子传输速率(ETR)较对照组分别显著提高26.9%、38.6%、133.7%、5.9%、183.3%、31.3%和30.9%。在T4处理下35d后,最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)较对照组分别显著提高4.0%。在对设施番茄进行不同配比红蓝光补光处理下,较对照组可显著促进番茄的生长及光合作用,在本试验设置的2R3B、4R1B、6R1B、7R1B四组红蓝组合光处理中,6R1B(红/蓝光珠数配比R:B=6:1)处理下各项指标表现的综合效果最佳,可为温室番茄栽培LED补光提供一定的理论指导。

低温流通过程中温度波动及LED蓝光对蓝莓品质的影响

为研究温度波动及LED蓝光对蓝莓低温流通过程中品质的影响,以黑暗处理为对照组,在LED蓝光条件下,设计波动次数为无波动,1,2次和3次以及不同断链时间(25,55 min和3 h)的温度波动处理组,比较分析冷断链时间下,温度波动对蓝莓品质指标和相关氧化酶的影响。结果表明:温度波动处理使蓝莓在贮藏期间的品质不断下降,相比于无波动组,波动3次处理的蓝莓在15 d时,硬度明显下降,可滴定酸、维生素C和花青素含量分别减少了60.49%,71.82%,42.27%,PPO、POD活性有所上升。与黑暗对照组相比,LED蓝光处理可有效延缓蓝莓营养物质的降解。此外,蓝莓对断链时间的忍耐程度各不相同,其品质下降的速率为:断链3 h>断链55 min>断链25 min。各指标间的相关性分析表明,硬度、维生素C和花青素呈显著相关(P<0.05),可用于评价蓝莓在低温流通过程的品质变化。结论:温度波动加剧了蓝莓果实品质劣变和营养成分流失,在尽量避免剧烈温度波动的同时,可考虑使用LED蓝光辐照,以改善蓝莓在流通过程中因温度波动而导致的品质下降。

具有高颜色表现能力与低蓝光危害的白光LED光谱优化

随着发光二极管的飞速发展,LED照明越来越多的被用于各个行业,且类似医疗、印刷、纺织、美容等行业对LED灯具的颜色表现能力要求很高;同时LED灯具带来的光生物危害也越来越被人们所重视,其中以LED蓝光危害最被人们所熟知。近年来很多研究者致力于如何降低白光LED的蓝光危害,但大部分工作都是在相对较低色温(CCT)的情况下获得需要的白光光谱,或者在一段色温范围内对进行离散穷举来找出最低蓝光危害的那一个相关色温对应的光谱;能够在不同的目标色温下获得同时拥有高颜色表现能力与低蓝光危害辐射的混合白光LED光谱几乎没有。为此,基于现有的多个LED提出了一种目标函数简单的非线性约束优化方法。在以往的研究中发现蓝光危害加权辐射通量与其相关色温呈现线性关系,随着其相关色温的增大,蓝光加权辐射通量也越来越大。要想获得具有低蓝光危害的白光LED光谱,只需固定其相关色温,就会得到每个目标相关色温对应的蓝光加权辐射通量,根据评价LED光源的蓝光危害辐射效率的计算公式,将其分子固定,只需最大化其分母,其蓝光危害辐射效率就会最小化,所以最大化辐射效率即可。针对其光谱功率分布,通过使用一个滤光片对被选择的多个LED混合后的光谱功率分布进行限制,同时因为实际生产需求要对滤光片的光谱透射率添加一个平滑约束,平滑约束则是使用加权平均的方法来完成。最后通过极大化“RP”方法得到各色LED的辐射量权重。仿真结果证明,该方法最终可以获得符合美国国家标准学会的ANSI/NEMA C78.377-2017标准的2700~6500 K八个目标相关色温,分别为2700、3000、3500、4000、4500、5000、5700和6500 K,各个CCT下的光源光谱其显色指数、色彩保真度、色域指数均在90以上,色偏差值在0.0054以内,蓝光危害辐射效率均在0.1以内的混合LED白光光谱。

LED蓝光照射仪配合音乐抚触在新生儿黄疸患儿中的护理效果

目的:探讨LED蓝光照射仪配合音乐抚触在新生儿黄疸患儿中的护理效果。方法:选取2022年6月—2023年6月江南大学附属儿童医院接收的88例新生儿黄疸患儿,随机分为对照组与观察组,各44例。对照组给予LED蓝光照射仪治疗,观察组给予LED蓝光照射仪联合音乐抚触治疗。比较两组治疗前后的胆红素含量、依从性、康复时间及临床疗效。结果:观察组总依从性为97.73%,高于对照组的81.82%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗前,两组总胆红素含量、经皮胆红素含量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后,观察组总胆红素含量、经皮胆红素含量均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组每日哭闹时间、黄疸消失时间短于对照组,每日睡眠时间长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组总有效率为97.73%,高于对照组的79.55%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:LED蓝光照射仪配合音乐抚触治疗可降低新生儿黄疸患儿体内胆红素含量,缩短每日哭闹时间,延长每日睡眠时间,加快黄疸消失速度,从而提高临床疗效。

不同色温LED补光对温室番茄幼苗质量的影响

秋冬或早春季节温室内光照不足会严重影响番茄幼苗的生长发育,因此,补光对温室番茄幼苗的培育显得尤为重要。本试验以“粉贝贝”为供试番茄品种,使用色温为3000 K、4000 K和6500 K的白色LED和红蓝(RB)LED进行补光,以不补光为对照(CK),研究不同色温LED补光光质对番茄幼苗生长、光合色素含量和生物量等质量指标的影响。结果表明:使用色温为3000 K、4000 K的白色LED补光能够显著增加番茄幼苗总叶面积,促进光合色素合成和生物量积累,同时显著抑制番茄幼苗下胚轴伸长。与CK相比,色温为3000 K的白色LED处理番茄幼苗的茎粗和总叶面积分别增加42.3%和121.6%,下胚轴长降低19.6%;色温为4000 K的白色LED处理番茄幼苗的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素含量和总叶绿素含量分别增加77.8%、61.7%、66.7%和73.6%。色温为3000 K和4000 K时,番茄幼苗的壮苗指数与CK相比增加141.0%和119.0%,但与RB无显著性差异。番茄幼苗的株高、总叶面积、光合色素含量、地上部干重和鲜重、总干重和总鲜重与补光光源中蓝光比例呈二次函数关系。综上看出,较低色温的白色LED可作为秋冬季节温室番茄幼苗培育的补光光源。

蓝光LD激发pc-WLED的发光性能

为了提升白光LED的光源亮度,同时降低LED效率骤降的影响,采用了蓝光LD激发pc-WLED的技术方案。研究了荧光陶瓷片与反射基板的关系,并分析了不同掺杂的荧光陶瓷片的性能。对荧光陶瓷片进行封装后,进行了性能比较。最后,将不同掺杂的荧光陶瓷片装配到RC激光模组中进行了对比实验。从结果可知,GaN基蓝光LED芯片是非常理想的反射基板,最适用于照明的荧光陶瓷为4xAl_(2)O_(3)+(Ce_(0.01)Y_(0.93)Gd_(0.06))_(3)Al_(5)O_(12),因为其氧化铝含量高,热导率好,且该荧光陶瓷不仅可以进一步提升白光LED的光源亮度,而且可以减小LED效率骤降的影响。

矿用LED灯具蓝光辐射测试与评估

现行蓝光危害评估均基于光源照度为500 lx或距离200 mm条件下进行,其测试条件与矿山的实际应用场景存在差异,特别是亮度、距离不匹配,且光源的色温与蓝光危害息息相关。为了研究蓝光危害的生物机理及危害程度的影响因素,研究分析了目前国内外IEC、CIE等权威组织对蓝光危害考核的相关标准,依据蓝光危害的计算方法,总结提出了蓝光曝幅限值的要求。结合矿井下LED光源应用的实际情况,设计了LED光源亮度、色温和照明距离3个重要因素对蓝光危害影响的测试方案。测试结果表明:蓝光危害与LED光源亮度、光源色温成正相关,蓝光危害与照明距离成负相关。研究指导了矿用LED防爆灯具的安全使用与防护,可为相关灯具等相关产品标准的制修订提供依据,具有较好的现实意义。

低蓝光的白光LED制备与评价指标修正

基于GaN基蓝光LED激发荧光粉制备的白光LED已取得广泛应用,然而,照明光源中蓝光成分对人体健康、昼夜节律的影响逐渐受到关注。针对蓝光伤害问题,提出了修正后的蓝光危害占比指数(B_(mr)),以更合理地评估白光光源的蓝光危害指标;针对夜间照明用白光LED对人体昼夜节律的影响,使用商用蓝/紫光LED系统研究了激发波长、以及荧光粉种类和配比对暖白光LED的健康、护眼指标的影响。研究发现,基于410 nm波长紫光LED制备的暖白光LED光源的B_(mr)和褪黑素敏感区间光功率占比指数(M_(r))分别仅为4.2%和9.2%,接近于卤素灯的水平,显著优于商用高品质暖白光LED,为夜间低蓝光舒适护眼、低褪黑素干扰的健康照明提供了新选择。

植物工厂LED光质调控对芹菜生长及产量的影响

为探讨植物工厂中不同光质对芹菜生长的影响,本研究选用4种不同红蓝光配比的LED光源开展试验。结果表明,红光∶蓝光=3∶1的光质配比下,芹菜株高、茎粗、叶片数、单株鲜重、干重、地上部干重和地下部干重均最大,有利于芹菜的营养生长;红光∶蓝光=3∶1的光质配比可提高芹菜叶绿素含量,促进光合作用,提高光能转化率;红光∶蓝光=3∶1的光质配比有利于芹菜壮苗培育和产量的提高。综合各指标表明,红光∶蓝光=3∶1是适于植物工厂芹菜生长的光质配比。

红蓝LED光全生育期照射对樱桃番茄果实品质的影响

采用红蓝组合LED光源全生育期照射植株,研究不同配比的红蓝光对樱桃番茄果实品质的影响。结果表明:蓝光占60%时,单果质量和单株果数都显著大于其他处理,蓝光比例增大促进果实中番茄红素、可溶性固形物、游离氨基酸和类黄酮的形成,提升糖酸比值;红光比例增大促进果实中可滴定酸的形成;蓝光所占比例为50%时,果实中可溶性蛋白含量较高,比例提高到60%时蔗糖、可溶性糖、VC含量较高;而蓝光所占比例为25%时果实中番茄红素、可溶性固形物、可溶性蛋白含量较低,且可溶性糖、蔗糖、游离氨基酸、花青素的含量都较低。说明樱桃番茄果实品质明显受光质的调控,在一定范围内,红蓝光比值对果实营养品质的影响无质的差异,当蓝光所占比例较大时,有利于营养物质的积累,蓝光占25%时不利于果实品质的提高,蓝光占60%较有利于果实品质的提高。

Si衬底GaN基蓝光LED老化性能

报道了芯片尺寸为500μm×500μm硅衬底GaN基蓝光LED在常温下经1000h加速老化后的电学和发光性能,其光功率随老化时间的变化分先升后降两个阶段;老化后的反向漏电流和正向小电压下的电流均有明显的增加;老化后器件的外量子效率(EQE)比老化前低;老化前后EQE衰减幅度在不同的注入电流下存在明显差异,衰减幅度最小处出现在发光效率最高时对应的电流密度区间。

LED红蓝光照射对采后西芹保鲜效果的影响

为探究LED红蓝光照射对采后西芹保鲜效果的影响,分别将西芹置于温度为4℃、相对湿度为90%的10μmol·m-2·s-1光强和无光条件下,分析10μmol·m-2·s-1光强下迎光面和背光面以及黑暗条件下西芹相关品质指标的变化规律。结果表明,有光和无光处理对西芹失重率的影响差异不大,在适宜的相对湿度条件下,光照不会加大西芹的失重率。10μmol·m-2·s-1光强下迎光面西芹的叶绿素和VC含量显著高于背光面和无光处理组(P<0.05),背光面和无光处理组的叶绿素损失率分别是迎光面西芹的1.56倍和1.5倍、VC损失率分别是迎光面下的1.67倍和1.86倍。10μmol·m-2·s-1光照处理可显著保持采后西芹的硬度。该结果可为LED光照在西芹采后保鲜上的应用提供一定的理论依据。