The cultivation and management of different legume species and their varieties were tested in South-Western Finland at farmers＇ fields in two years, 2010 and 2011. The studied legumes were peas and lava beans, and in...The cultivation and management of different legume species and their varieties were tested in South-Western Finland at farmers＇ fields in two years, 2010 and 2011. The studied legumes were peas and lava beans, and included also such species which are seldom or not normally cultivated in Finland, namely soybeans and blue and white lupins. Seed samples were collected from legume farms. The quality of different legume species was analysed and compared to each others. The chemical qualities were analysed for crude protein, fat, fibre, ash, nitrogen-free extract and phytic acid contents, and amino acid composition. The quality of the varieties of lupins and soybeans were compared to the quality of pea and fava bean varieties, which are generally cultivated nowadays in Finland. The highest protein contents were in soybean （369 and 379 g kg^-1） and white lupin （382 g kg^-1） and the lowest in pea varieties. Amino acid composition of legumes is good, but lupins have lower lysine content （g 100 g^-1 protein） than other legumes. High fat contents were in soybeans （91 and 100 g kg^-1） and white lupin （101 g kgl）, and moderate in blue lupin （30-49 g kg^-1）. Fuego fava bean variety had lower protein content than Kontu. The highest phytic acid contents were in soybeans （18.9 and 22.6 mg kg^-1） and the lowest in white lupin （6.2 mg kg^-1）. Lupins are interesting protein crops, especially white lupin with high protein and fat and low phytic acid contents. Lupins are not day length sensitive, like soybean, and therefore valuable for long-day cultivation conditions The present research strengthens the good chemical quality of legumes for food and feed purposes.展开更多
We characterized the 6,12-bis{[N-（3,4-dimethylphenyl）-N-（2,4,5-trimethylphenyl）]amino} chrysene （BmPAC）, which has been proven to be a blue fluorescent emission with high EL efficiency. The blue fluorescent devi...We characterized the 6,12-bis{[N-（3,4-dimethylphenyl）-N-（2,4,5-trimethylphenyl）]amino} chrysene （BmPAC）, which has been proven to be a blue fluorescent emission with high EL efficiency. The blue fluorescent device exhibits good performance with an external quantum efficiency of 5.8% and current efficiency of 8.9 cd/A, respectively. Using BmPAC, we also demonstrate a hybrid phosphorescence/fluorescence white organic light-emitting device （WOLED） with high efficiency of 36.3 cd/A. In order to improve the relative intensity of blue light, we plus a blue light-emitting layer （BEML） in front of the orange light emitting layer （YEML） to take advantage of the excess singlet excitons. With the new emitting layer of BEML/YEML/BEML, we demonstrate the fluorescence/phosphorescence/fluorescence WOLED exhibits good performance with a current efficiency of 47 cd/A and an enhanced relative intensity of blue light.展开更多
Levofloxacin （LOFX）, which is well-known as an antibiotic medicament, was shown to be useful as a 452-nm blue emitter for white organic light-emitting diodes （OLEDs）. In this paper, the fabricated white OLED conta...Levofloxacin （LOFX）, which is well-known as an antibiotic medicament, was shown to be useful as a 452-nm blue emitter for white organic light-emitting diodes （OLEDs）. In this paper, the fabricated white OLED contains a 452-nm blue emitting layer （thickness of 30 nm） with 1 wt% LOFX doped in CBP （4,4＇-bis（carbazol-9-yl）biphenyl） host and a 584-nm orange emitting layer （thickness of 10 nm） with 0.8 wt% DCJTB （4-（dicyanomethylene）-2-tert-butyl-6-（1,1,7,7- tetramethyljulolidin-4-yl-vinyl）-4H-pyran） doped in CBE which are separated by a 20-nm-thick buffer layer of TPBi （2,2＇,2＂-（benzene-1,3,5-triyl）-tri（1-phenyl-lH-benzimidazole）. A high color rendering index （CRI） of 84.5 and CIE chromaticity coordinates of （0.33, 0.32）, which is close to ideal white emission CIE （0.333, 0.333）, are obtained at a bias voltage of 14 V. Taking into account that LOFX is less expensive and the synthesis and purification technologies of LOFX are mature, these results indicate that blue fluorescence emitting LOFX is useful for applications to white OLEDs although the maximum current efficiency and luminance are not high. The present paper is expected to become a milestone to using medical drug materials for OLEDs.展开更多
In mixed fisheries where there is an increased ecological interdependence between two or more target species, the possibilities of fishing these species must be determined jointly, since catches of one species will im...In mixed fisheries where there is an increased ecological interdependence between two or more target species, the possibilities of fishing these species must be determined jointly, since catches of one species will impact the natural growth not only of that species but of the others, as well. The objective of this paper is to develop a predator-prey model for two major species caught by the EU fishing fleet on European Union fishing grounds. The predator and prey’s population dynamics follow the Lotka-Volterra equation and are assumed to be logic-based, and a lineal interaction between the predator and prey populations is assumed. Optimal single owner multispecies fishery management is analysed, and the applied model is solved, obtaining the equilibrium value of biomasses, catches, and net benefits of the mixed fishery. The results show that the MSY of the predator is higher than that estimated by ICES, while MSY for prey is lower. The sensitivity analysis of the results reveals that the biomass levels of both species decrease as the discount rate increases, while catches increase.展开更多
Optoelectronic applications require the development of new fluorescent and efficient luminescent materials, free of toxicity, low in cost, and easy to produce. In this way the synthesis of zinc-oxide (ZnO) quantum dot...Optoelectronic applications require the development of new fluorescent and efficient luminescent materials, free of toxicity, low in cost, and easy to produce. In this way the synthesis of zinc-oxide (ZnO) quantum dots (QDs) has recently received special attention due to their good optical, electrical and chemical properties with low production costs and blue light emission. In this work ZnO QDs were successfully doped with europium in order to obtain a tunable emission luminescence from blue emission of ZnO to red emission of europium as a function of wavelength excitation. Results show an efficient blue to red tuning when the excitation wavelength was changed from 317 nm to 395 nm, respectively. This opens the possibility of having new optical devices to produce different color emission using the same material.展开更多
文摘The cultivation and management of different legume species and their varieties were tested in South-Western Finland at farmers＇ fields in two years, 2010 and 2011. The studied legumes were peas and lava beans, and included also such species which are seldom or not normally cultivated in Finland, namely soybeans and blue and white lupins. Seed samples were collected from legume farms. The quality of different legume species was analysed and compared to each others. The chemical qualities were analysed for crude protein, fat, fibre, ash, nitrogen-free extract and phytic acid contents, and amino acid composition. The quality of the varieties of lupins and soybeans were compared to the quality of pea and fava bean varieties, which are generally cultivated nowadays in Finland. The highest protein contents were in soybean （369 and 379 g kg^-1） and white lupin （382 g kg^-1） and the lowest in pea varieties. Amino acid composition of legumes is good, but lupins have lower lysine content （g 100 g^-1 protein） than other legumes. High fat contents were in soybeans （91 and 100 g kg^-1） and white lupin （101 g kgl）, and moderate in blue lupin （30-49 g kg^-1）. Fuego fava bean variety had lower protein content than Kontu. The highest phytic acid contents were in soybeans （18.9 and 22.6 mg kg^-1） and the lowest in white lupin （6.2 mg kg^-1）. Lupins are interesting protein crops, especially white lupin with high protein and fat and low phytic acid contents. Lupins are not day length sensitive, like soybean, and therefore valuable for long-day cultivation conditions The present research strengthens the good chemical quality of legumes for food and feed purposes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61136003 and 61275041)the Project of Science and TechnologyCommission of Shanghai Municipality,China(Grant No.14XD1401800)
文摘We characterized the 6,12-bis{[N-（3,4-dimethylphenyl）-N-（2,4,5-trimethylphenyl）]amino} chrysene （BmPAC）, which has been proven to be a blue fluorescent emission with high EL efficiency. The blue fluorescent device exhibits good performance with an external quantum efficiency of 5.8% and current efficiency of 8.9 cd/A, respectively. Using BmPAC, we also demonstrate a hybrid phosphorescence/fluorescence white organic light-emitting device （WOLED） with high efficiency of 36.3 cd/A. In order to improve the relative intensity of blue light, we plus a blue light-emitting layer （BEML） in front of the orange light emitting layer （YEML） to take advantage of the excess singlet excitons. With the new emitting layer of BEML/YEML/BEML, we demonstrate the fluorescence/phosphorescence/fluorescence WOLED exhibits good performance with a current efficiency of 47 cd/A and an enhanced relative intensity of blue light.
基金supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.NCET-13-0927)the International Science&Technology Cooperation Program of China(Grant No.2012DFR50460)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21101111 and 61274056)the Shanxi Provincial Key Innovative Research Team in Science and Technology,China(Grant No.2012041011)
文摘Levofloxacin （LOFX）, which is well-known as an antibiotic medicament, was shown to be useful as a 452-nm blue emitter for white organic light-emitting diodes （OLEDs）. In this paper, the fabricated white OLED contains a 452-nm blue emitting layer （thickness of 30 nm） with 1 wt% LOFX doped in CBP （4,4＇-bis（carbazol-9-yl）biphenyl） host and a 584-nm orange emitting layer （thickness of 10 nm） with 0.8 wt% DCJTB （4-（dicyanomethylene）-2-tert-butyl-6-（1,1,7,7- tetramethyljulolidin-4-yl-vinyl）-4H-pyran） doped in CBE which are separated by a 20-nm-thick buffer layer of TPBi （2,2＇,2＂-（benzene-1,3,5-triyl）-tri（1-phenyl-lH-benzimidazole）. A high color rendering index （CRI） of 84.5 and CIE chromaticity coordinates of （0.33, 0.32）, which is close to ideal white emission CIE （0.333, 0.333）, are obtained at a bias voltage of 14 V. Taking into account that LOFX is less expensive and the synthesis and purification technologies of LOFX are mature, these results indicate that blue fluorescence emitting LOFX is useful for applications to white OLEDs although the maximum current efficiency and luminance are not high. The present paper is expected to become a milestone to using medical drug materials for OLEDs.
文摘In mixed fisheries where there is an increased ecological interdependence between two or more target species, the possibilities of fishing these species must be determined jointly, since catches of one species will impact the natural growth not only of that species but of the others, as well. The objective of this paper is to develop a predator-prey model for two major species caught by the EU fishing fleet on European Union fishing grounds. The predator and prey’s population dynamics follow the Lotka-Volterra equation and are assumed to be logic-based, and a lineal interaction between the predator and prey populations is assumed. Optimal single owner multispecies fishery management is analysed, and the applied model is solved, obtaining the equilibrium value of biomasses, catches, and net benefits of the mixed fishery. The results show that the MSY of the predator is higher than that estimated by ICES, while MSY for prey is lower. The sensitivity analysis of the results reveals that the biomass levels of both species decrease as the discount rate increases, while catches increase.
文摘Optoelectronic applications require the development of new fluorescent and efficient luminescent materials, free of toxicity, low in cost, and easy to produce. In this way the synthesis of zinc-oxide (ZnO) quantum dots (QDs) has recently received special attention due to their good optical, electrical and chemical properties with low production costs and blue light emission. In this work ZnO QDs were successfully doped with europium in order to obtain a tunable emission luminescence from blue emission of ZnO to red emission of europium as a function of wavelength excitation. Results show an efficient blue to red tuning when the excitation wavelength was changed from 317 nm to 395 nm, respectively. This opens the possibility of having new optical devices to produce different color emission using the same material.
