Bone mineral density in Iranian patients: Effects of age, sex, and body mass index

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a multifactorial skeletal disease that is characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD). BMD values depend on several factors such as age, sex and age at menopause. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and changes in bone mineral density in Iranian patients. Methods: Three hundred patients were selected through random sampling technique in 2009. BMD was assessed by Norland (Excell) technique at the lumbar and femoral neck. Weight and height were measured through standard methods. A thorough history was taken from each patient. The data was analyzed using SPSS software version 13.0. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: From among the 300 studied patients, 86.6% were female. their mean age was 52.7 years. Their average body mass index (BMI) was 28.14 kg/m2. Mean T-Score at lumbar spine and femoral neck was -1.07 ±1.19 and -1.75 ± 1.33 respectively. Mean BMD value at lumbar spine and femoral neck was 0.92 ± 0.19 and 0.77 ± 0.16 respectively. The prevalence of osteoporosis at lumbar spine and femoral neck was 33.7% and 16.7, respectively. There was a significant correlation between age, BMI and BMD values (P-Value Conclusion: This study shows that ageing and low BMI are risk factors associated with bone loss. it is recommended to measure BMD and implement prevention programs for high-risk people.

The Relationship between Bone Mineral Density and Obesity in Women

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between obesity and osteoporosis. A total of 30 Saudi women, aged between 20 and 50 years, were selected randomly. We calculated each subject’s body mass index (BMI) and determined their lumbar and femur bone mineral densities using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). We examined the interaction between obesity and bone mineral density (BMD) using logistic regression, after adjusting for age, family history of osteoporosis, maternal fractures, smoking, and any sedentary lifestyles. BMI was shown to be the most effective independent variable with respect to bone density. We evaluated the Pearson correlation coefficients of BMI, BMD of the lumbar spine, and BMD of the femoral neck with reference to the variables of the study, and found a significant correlation (P 30 kg/m2) were at increased risk of osteoporosis at the femoral neck and severe osteopenia in the lumbar spine.

Relationship of serum GDF11 levels with bone mineral density and bone turnover markers in postmenopausal Chinese women

Growth differentiation factor 11 （GDF11） is an important circulating factor that regulates aging. However, the role of GDF11 in bone metabolism remains unclear. The present study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between serum GDF11 level, bone mass, and bone turnover markers in postmenopausal Chinese women. Serum GDF11 level, bone turnover biochemical markers, and bone mineral density （BMD） were determined in 169 postmenopausal Chinese women （47-78 years old）. GDF11 serum levels increased with aging. There were negative correlations between GDF11 and BMD at the various skeletal sites. After adjusting for age and body mass index （BMI）, the correlations remained statistically significant. In the multiple linear stepwise regression analysis, age or years since menopause, BMI, GDF11, and estradiol were independent predictors of BMD. A significant negative correlation between GDF11 and bone alkaline phosphatase （BAP） was identified and remained significant after adjusting for age and BMI. No significant correlation was noted between cross-linked N-telopeptides of type I collagen （NTX） and GDF11. In conclusion, GDF11 is an independent negative predictor of BMD and correlates with a biomarker of bone formation, BAP, in postmenopausal Chinese women. GDF11 potentially exerts a negative effect on bone mass by regulating bone formation.

Study on Bone Mineral Density and its Influencing Factors among 1214 Older Adults in Xuhui District,Shanghai

Objective To understand the status of the forearm bone mineral density （BMD） in older adults, and to identify the potentialfactors influencing BMD. Methods A total of 1 214 older adults were examined, in Tianlin, Fenglin and Xietu sub-districts, of Xuhui district, Shanghai. BMD was tested at the left forearm, including distal radius and ulna 1/3 total, distal radius where the distance of radius and ulna is 8 mm, ultra-distal radius, by single energy X-ray densitometer. Results The BMD at all of the four sites decreased with the age increased. The average BMD was higher in male than in female for the same age and measured site. Distal radius 1/3 total had the highest BMD among the four sites. The incidence of low BMD and osteoporosis in distal forearm 1/3 radius total ascended with the age increased. Multiplied logistic regression showed that males had a lower risk to be low BMD （OR=0. 19） compared with female. Compared with the group aged from 50 to 54, the odds ratio in the group aged from 55 to 59, 60 to 64, and 65 to 70 were respectively 3.17, 5.13, 15.03. Compared with those whose monthly salary was less than 1 000, the odds ratio was O. 70 in those whose salary was more than 1 000. Conclusion The incidence of low BMD was high in older adults, and it is related with sex, age, monthly salary.

Factors associated with trabecular bone score in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes and normal bone mineral density

BACKGROUND Osteoporosis and type 2 diabetes(T2D)have been recognized as a widespread comorbidity leading to excess mortality and an enormous healthcare burden.In T2D,bone mineral density(BMD)may underestimate the risk of low-energy fractures as bone quality is reduced.It was hypothesized that a decrease in the trabecular bone score(TBS),a parameter assessing bone microarchitecture,may be an early marker of impaired bone health in women with T2D.AIM To identify clinical and body composition parameters that affect TBS in postmenopausal women with T2D and normal BMD.METHODS A non-interventional cross-sectional comparative study was conducted.Potentially eligible subjects were screened at tertiary referral center.Postmenopausal women with T2D,aged 50-75 years,with no established risk factors for secondary osteoporosis,were included.BMD,TBS and body composition parameters were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.In women with normal BMD,a wide range of anthropometric,general and diabetes-related clinical and laboratory parameters were evaluated as risk factors for TBS decrease using univariate and multivariate regression analysis and analysis of receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.RESULTS Three hundred twelve women were initially screened,176 of them met the inclusion criteria and underwent dual X-ray absorptiometry.Those with reduced BMD were subsequently excluded;96 women with normal BMD were included in final analysis.Among them,43 women(44.8%)showed decreased TBS values(≤1.31).Women with TBS≤1.31 were taller and had a lower body mass index(BMI)when compared to those with normal TBS(Р=0.008 and P=0.007 respectively).No significant differences in HbA1c,renal function,calcium,phosphorus,alkaline phosphatase,PTH and 25(ОН)D levels were found.In a model of multivariate linear regression analysis,TBS was positively associated with gynoid fat mass,whereas the height and androgen fat mass were associated negatively(all P<0.001).In a multiple logistic regression,TBS≤1.31 was associated with lower gynoid fat mass(adjusted odd ratio[OR],0.9,95%confidence interval[CI],0.85-0.94,P<0.001),higher android fat mass(adjusted OR,1.13,95%CI,1.03-1.24,P=0.008)and height(adjusted OR,1.13,95%CI,1.05-1.20,P<0.001).In ROC-curve analysis,height≥162.5 cm(P=0.04),body mass index≤33.85 kg/m2(P=0.002),gynoid fat mass≤5.41 kg(P=0.03)and android/gynoid fat mass ratio≥1.145(P<0.001)were identified as the risk factors for TBS reduction.CONCLUSION In postmenopausal women with T2D and normal BMD,greater height and central adiposity are associated with impaired bone microarchitecture.

Skeletal events of Anastrozole versus Tamoxifen on bone mineral density and bone biomarker osteocalcin in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer

Objective： Postmenopausal women with breast cancer are at increased risk of bone loss because of age related estrogen deficiency face which accelerated with the use of aromatase inhibitors （AIs）. We aimed to study the effect on bone mineral density （BMD） and bone formation biomarker osteocalcin level in postmenopausal breast cancer patients, for the first three years of adjuvant hormonal treatment of both groups Tamoxifen versus Anastrozol. Methods： One-hundered postmenopausal breast cancers were prospectively randomized to receive either Tamoxifen 20 rag/day （n = 50） or Anastrozole 10 mg （n = 50）. Both BMD and osteocalcin were assessed initially before treatment and then at regular intervals for both groups. Results： Use of Tamoxifen was associated with significant annual decrease in osteocalcin （P = 0.001）, whereas Anastrozole group had gradual increase of the annual levels （P 〈 0.01）. BMD decreased significantly in Anastrozole versus Tamoxifen groups （2.6% vs. 0.4%, P 〈 0.001）. Osteoporosis T 〈 -2.5 was reported significantly higher in Anastrozole group （P 〈 0.01）. Women with initial osteopenia in Anastrozole group showed significant decrease in BMD （P 〈 0.05）. The addition of bisphosphonate for patients with early osteoporosis markedly improved both osteocalcin level and BMD. Conclusion： Tamoxifen preserves BMD in postmenopausal breast cancer patients, whereas Anastrozole accelerates age associated fall in BMD especially in the first year of therapy, moreover, the addition of bisphosphonate can help to decrease the skeletal related events associated with treatment to ensure better quality of life with treatment.

Overweight and abdominal fat are associated with normal bone mineral density in patients with ulcerative colitis

BACKGROUND Low bone mineral density(BMD)is common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.However,nutritional risk factors for low BMD in the ulcerative colitis(UC)population are still poorly understood.AIM To investigate the association of anthropometric indicators and body composition with BMD in patients with UC.METHODS This is a cross-sectional study on adult UC patients of both genders who were followed on an outpatient basis.A control group consisting of healthy volunteers,family members,and close people was also included.The nutritional indicators evaluated were body mass index(BMI),total body mass(TBM),waist circumference(WC),body fat in kg(BFkg),body fat in percentage(BF%),trunk BF(TBF),and also lean mass.Body composition and BMD assessments were performed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.RESULTS The sociodemographic characteristics of patients with UC(n=68)were similar to those of healthy volunteers(n=66)(P>0.05).Most patients(97.0%)were in remission of the disease,58.8%were eutrophic,33.8%were overweight,39.0%had high WC,and 67.6%had excess BF%.However,mean BMI,WC,BFkg,and TBF of UC patients were lower when compared to those of the control group(P<0.05).Reduced BMD was present in 41.2%of patients with UC(38.2%with osteopenia and 2.9%with osteoporosis)and 3.0%in the control group(P<0.001).UC patients with low BMD had lower BMI,TBM,and BFkg values than those with normal BMD(P<0.05).Male patients were more likely to have low BMD(prevalence ratio[PR]=1.86;95%confidence interval[CI]:1.07-3.26).Those with excess weight(PR=0.43;95%CI:0.19-0.97)and high WC(PR=0.44;95%CI:0.21-0.94)were less likely to have low BMD.CONCLUSION Patients with UC in remission have a high prevalence of metabolic bone diseases.Body fat appears to protect against the development of low BMD in these patients.

The changes of preoperative bone mineral density of patients with nonfunctional pituitary adenoma

Objective To evaluate the bone mineral density (BMD) alteration of patients with nonfunctional pituitary adenoma in Chinese mainland and further to investigate the relevant factors of BMD changes. Methods 31 patients with nonfunctional adenoma and 255 healthy controls were enrolled in this study between December 2007 and May 2008.

Quantitative Evaluation of Fat Composition in Lumbar Vertebral Body and Paraspinal Muscle by Proton Density Fat Fraction with MRI

Purpose: Bone marrow and muscle adiposity have been considered to correlate with osteoporosis and Sarcopenia. Proton Density Fat Fraction (PDFF) can be measured by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The purpose of the present study was to measure PDFF in the lumbar spine, paraspinal muscle and subcutaneous fat tissue. Methods: Participants were comprised of 30 patients (18 males, 12 females;age range, 14 - 87 years) who underwent MRI due to low back symptoms. PDFFs for the body of the fourth lumbar vertebra (L4), paraspinal muscle, and subcutaneous fat were measured. Results: PDFFs of the vertebral body and subcutaneous fat were significantly higher than that of paraspinal muscle (p < 0.001). PDFF was significantly higher for subcutaneous fat than for the vertebral body (p < 0.001). Although no significant differences in PDFF of the vertebral body, paraspinal muscle, and subcutaneous fat between females and males, PDFFs of the vertebral body and paraspinal muscle were significantly higher in older subjects (>63 years) than in younger subjects (Conclusions: PDFF of the vertebral body was significantly higher than that of paraspinal muscle. PDFFs of the vertebral body and paraspinal muscle were significantly lower in younger subjects than in older subjects.

佛山市成年居民骨密度CT定量研究

目的:研究佛山地区成年人椎体骨密度(BMD)与性别、年龄的关系,探讨本地区不同年龄段BMD均值及各年龄段骨质疏松症(OP)的发病率。方法:对佛山市中医院2021年10月至2023年3月的1 065例(男性648例,女性417例)健康成年人体检者使用定量CT(QCT)行椎体BMD检测,按年龄段进行分组;采用t检验和方差分析对不同性别、不同年龄段BMD值进行检验,采用χ2检验和相关分析对不同性别、不同年龄段的OP发病率进行分析。结果:20~29岁、30~39岁、40~49岁及60~69岁、70~79岁不同性别间的BMD差异均有统计学意义,女性BMD在青中年时期高于男性。在40~49岁、50~59岁、60~69岁、70~79岁男性组及30~39、40~49岁、50~59岁、60~69岁女性组中,同性别不同年龄段间的BMD值差异有统计学意义,且随年龄的增长呈下降趋势;同性别不同年龄段的OP发病率差异均有统计学意义,年龄与OP发病率呈正相关关系(r男=0.517,r女=0.636)。结论:佛山市健康成年人QCT测量的椎体BMD与性别、年龄相关,在20~29岁达到峰值,随年龄的增长而下降;从40~49岁开始,OP发病率在男性和女性中随着年龄的增长而增加。

放射性核素对双能X射线骨密度仪检测骨密度的影响研究

目的:研究核医学检查和治疗中常用放射性核素对双能X射线骨密度仪(DXA)检测骨密度(BMD)的影响。方法:对DXA设备专用质量保证(QA)模块和脊椎模体均进行常规扫描,在QA模块旁及脊椎模体的水槽中分别加入常用放射性核素锝99m(^(99)Tc^(m))-亚甲基二膦酸盐(^(99)Tc^(m)-MDP)、氟18(^(18)F)-氟代脱氧葡萄糖(^(18)F-FDG)和碘[^(131)I]化钠(Na^(131)I)后扫描,对检测所得高、中、低BMD值、身体成分百分含量值、第1、2、3、4节腰椎(L_(1)、L_(2)、L_(3)、L_(4))及4节腰椎平均(L_(1)~L_(4))BMD值、T值进行对比分析。结果:在QA模块旁分别放置^(99)Tc^(m)-MDP、^(18)F-FDG、Na^(131)I后的扫描与QA模块的常规扫描所得高、中、低BMD值及身体成分百分含量值相比,差异均无统计学意义(F_(BMD值)=1.621、0.259、0.099,F_(身体成分百分含量值)=0.367、0.151、0.635;P>0.05);向脊椎模体的水槽中分别注入放射性核素^(99)Tc^(m)-MDP、^(18)F-FDG、Na^(131)I后的扫描和脊椎模体的常规扫描所得L_(1)、L_(2)、L_(3)、L_(4)及L_(1)~L_(4)的BMD值及T值相比,差异均无统计学意义(F_(BMD值)=0.435、0.529、0.507、0.489、0.516,F_(T值)=0.634、1.585、0.961、0.777、0.801;P>0.05)。结论:核医学检查和治疗中常用放射性核素^(99)Tc^(m)-MDP、^(18)F-FDG、Na^(131)I对DXA检测BMD无影响。

利用DXA评估系统性红斑狼疮患者中肌少症的现患率

目的评估系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)患者中肌少症的现患率,分析SLE共病肌少症患者的体成分变化,探讨SLE患者肌少症发生的危险因素。方法共纳入114例SLE患者(病例组)和114例健康对照者(对照组)。采用双能X线吸收法(dual energy X-ray absorptiometry,DXA)测量两组的肌肉质量,通过握力和步速分别评估患者的肌力和体能。根据欧洲老年人肌少症工作组及亚洲肌少症工作组诊断标准对SLE患者进行肌少症诊断及分期,将SLE患者分为肌少症组及非肌少症组,比较组间患者的体成分及骨密度等指标的差异,分析SLE患者共病肌少症的影响因素。结果SLE患者的平均病程为(79.6±72.8)个月。45.6%(n=52)的SLE患者共病肌少症,其中22.8%(n=26)的患者为肌少症前期,16.7%(n=19)的患者为肌少症期,6.1%(n=7)的患者为严重肌少症期。肌少症组患者的体重、体质指数、脂肪质量指数、全身瘦组织含量、瘦质量指数、全身去脂体重、去脂体重指数均低于非肌少症组和对照组。肌少症组的骨矿物质含量、腰椎和股骨骨密度明显低于对照组。多因素回归分析显示,体质指数(OR=0.61,P<0.001,95%CI:0.49~0.75)和职业劳动强度(OR=2.0,P=0.009,95%CI:1.19~3.34)是SLE患者共病肌少症的影响因素。结论SLE患者中约半数共病肌少症,共病肌少症SLE患者的脂肪、肌肉含量和重要部位骨密度下降,其中体质指数和职业劳动强度是SLE患者出现肌少症的影响因素。

老年髋部骨折术后早期负重锻炼影响骨质疏松进展的研究

目的探讨早期负重锻炼对老年髋部骨折术后骨质疏松进展的影响。方法纳入本院接受手术治疗的63例老年髋部骨折患者,根据开始负重锻炼时间设立观察组与对照组,分析术后患者健侧髋关节骨密度的变化。观察组在术后1周内开始定量的辅助下单腿站立训练及负重行走锻炼,对照组在术后3周后方开始定量的辅助下单腿站立训练及负重行走锻炼。分别检测并比较两组术前、术后6周、12周、24周的健侧髋关节骨密度值。结果术后两组病例均出现了健侧髋部骨密度减低,与对照组相比,观察组各时间段骨密度下降幅度更小。观察组术后第12周时健侧髋关节骨密度达到最低值,较术前平均下降0.8%;对照组在术后第24周时骨密度最低,较术前平均下降3.14%。将两组健侧髋部骨密度进行比较,其中股骨颈部在术后6周、12周、24周两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),转子间和髋总和在术后12周、24周的两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),Ward’s三角在术后第24周两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。组内配对检验发现观察组术后第24周骨密度与术前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论早期负重锻炼能延缓对侧髋部骨密度的降低,延缓骨质疏松的进展,有利于二次骨折的预防。

绝经后2型糖尿病患者BMI、腰围与骨密度的相关性及其骨密度的影响因素

目的:探讨绝经后2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者BMI、腰围与骨密度的相关性及其骨密度的影响因素。方法:选取我院内分泌科2022年11月至2024年2月收治的130例绝经后T2DM患者为研究对象,根据BMI分级标准将患者分为肥胖组、超重组、正常组;根据腰围大小分为腹型肥胖组及腰围正常组。比较不同BMI及腰围组间临床资料及骨密度差异,研究BMI、腰围与骨密度的相关性,分析骨密度的影响因素。结果:BMI与腰围、体重及各部位骨密度均呈正相关(P<0.05)。腰围与年龄、体重及各部位骨密度均呈正相关(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,仅体重是各部位骨密度的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:绝经后T2DM患者BMI及腰围与骨密度呈正相关,其骨密度受体重的影响,体重低者,骨密度也低,故T2DM患者在绝经后需避免体重过轻。

中老年男性骨质疏松(OP)危险分层与定量超声骨密度(QUS-BMD)及双能X线骨密度(DXA-BMD)的相关性

目的分析亚洲人骨质疏松(osteporsis,OP)自我筛查工具(osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asian,OSTA)指数与骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)的相关性,并探讨跟骨定量超声(quantitative ultrasound,QUS)测定BMD对中老年男性OP的诊断价值。方法对893例45岁以上男性研究对象行QUS-BMD检查,记录跟骨QUS-BMD及QUS-T值,测量身高、体重,计算OSTA指数,其中255例研究对象同时行双能X线(dual-energy Xray absorptionmetry,DXA)BMD测定,按OSTA分层标准将受试者分为OP高、中、低风险组。比较各组间跟骨QUS-BMD、QUS-T以及各部位DXA-BMD的差异,分析OSTA指数与髋部、腰椎DXA-BMD的相关性。根据WHO的OP诊断金标准(骨质疏松:T值≤-2.5,骨量减少:-2.5<T值<-1,骨量正常:T值≥-1)将受试者分为OP组、骨量减少组和骨量正常组,评价跟骨QUS-T值对OP的诊断价值。结果 DXA-BMD测定者中,OP者71例(27.8%),骨量减少者143例(56.1%),骨量正常者41例(16.1%)。OSTA分层高、中、低不同OP风险组中,股骨颈、全髋和全腰椎BMD逐渐升高,高危组明显低于中危组和低危组(P<0.05),而中、低危组间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。OP风险高、中、低危3组中OP患病例数分别为37例(48.7%)、17例(17.5%)和17例(20.7%),高危组中OP患病例数显著高于中、低危组(P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析示OSTA指数与股骨颈、全髋及全腰椎BMD呈显著正相关(P<0.05),相应的相关系数分别为0.448、0.439和0.141。跟骨QUS-BMD和QUS-T值在不同OP风险组间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。跟骨QUS-T值诊断OP的曲线下面积为0.753,最佳截断值为-1.3,相应的灵敏度和特异度分别为77.5%和61.4%。结论随着OSTA指数升高,OP风险降低,股骨颈、全髋及全腰椎的BMD升高,OSTA指数与各部位DXA-BMD成线性正相关。OSTA指数和跟骨QUST值对诊断中老年男性OP症筛查具有一定的价值。

DEXA测量松质骨BMD与其生物力学相关性

目的研究人股骨头主要承重区骨密度(Bone Mineral Density,BMD)与骨生物力学相关性;探讨双能X线骨密度仪(Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry,DEXA)对股骨颈骨折治疗的临床参考价值。方法收集2002年11月至2004年12月收治的股骨颈骨折患者行假体置换术取下的股骨头共42例。采用双能X线骨密度仪(Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry,DEXA)测量离体股骨头主要承重区BMD值;在股骨头主要承重区取柱状试件,行纵向压缩力学试验,记录极限应力、极限能量和弹性模量。利用SPSS12.0软件对数据进行正态分布检验后,采用双变量相关性分析法(Pearson相关分析法或Spearman相关分析法)判定BMD与极限应力、极限能量和弹性模量的相关性。结果(1)BMD测量值在0.39～1.05g/cm2之间,呈正态分布,为0.71±0.17g/cm2;(2)极限应力在2.09～23.49MPa范围之间,呈非正态分布,为9.69±6.36MPa;(3)极限能量在2.04～11.76J范围之间,呈非正态分布,为5.45±2.80J;(4)弹性模量在16.59～218.58MPa之间,呈非正态分布,为88.89±48.45MPa;(5)人股骨头主要承重区BMD与极限应力具有线性正相关性,rs=0.765,P<0.001;(6)人股骨头主要承重区BMD与极限能量具有线性正相关性,rs=0.717,P<0.001;(7)人股骨头主要承重区BMD与弹性模量具有线性正相关性,rs=0.669,P<0.001;结论BMD与极限应力、极限能量和弹性模量具有线性正相关性,通过测量股骨头的BMD可以初步预测骨的抗压强度和硬度。

肌少症病人超声参数与体质指数、骨密度及骨骼肌质量指数的关系

目的:探究肌少症病人超声参数与体质指数、骨密度及骨骼肌质量指数的关系。方法:选取山西医科大学第二医院2023年1月1日—2024年1月1日收治的60例肌少症病人为研究组,选取同期来院体检的50名性别、年龄匹配的健康志愿者为对照组。两组均接受超声检查,记录腓肠肌肌肉厚度、肌肉最大横截面积、肌肉硬度(收缩及舒张时杨氏模量值)及双能X线吸收法检查,记录骨密度、四肢肌肉量并计算骨骼肌质量指数及体质指数。对比两组上述指标差异,使用Logistic回归分析筛选肌少症影响因素,使用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析超声参数对肌少症诊断效能,使用Pearson相关系数分析研究组超声参数与体质指数、骨密度及骨骼肌质量指数的相关性。结果:Logistic回归分析结果显示:腓肠肌肌肉厚度、肌肉最大横截面积、收缩及舒张时杨氏模量值、体质指数、骨密度及骨骼肌质量指数是肌少症的独立影响因素(P<0.05);腓肠肌肌肉厚度、肌肉最大横截面积、收缩、舒张时杨氏模量值诊断肌少症ROC曲线下面积分别为0.908,0.958,0.909,0.932;Pearson相关分析结果显示,肌少症病人腓肠肌肌肉厚度、肌肉最大横截面积、收缩及舒张时杨氏模量值与体质指数、骨密度及骨骼肌质量指数均呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:超声参数有助于筛查诊断肌少症,超声参数、腓肠肌肌肉厚度、肌肉最大横截面积、肌肉硬度与体质指数、骨密度及骨骼肌质量指数存在明显关联。

人体成分与跟骨骨密度因果关联:一项孟德尔随机化研究

目的采用孟德尔随机化方法研究人体成分与跟骨骨密度的因果关系。方法利用全基因关联分析数据,暴露因素为全身脂肪量、全身水分量和去脂体质量,结局变量为跟骨骨密度。采用IVW法、MR-Egger法、加权中位数法、简单模式法、加权模式法进行孟德尔随机化分析,并行异质性、敏感性、多效性分析以检验结果可靠性。结果IVW法显示全身脂肪量与跟骨骨密度存在正向因果关系(β=1.10,95%CI 1.05~1.15,P<0.001),MR-Egger法、加权中位数法、加权模式法与IVW法结果一致,敏感性分析显示单核苷酸多态性无异质性和水平多效性;IVW法显示全身水分量与跟骨骨密度因果关系无统计学意义(β=0.96,95%CI 0.91~1.02,P>0.05);IVW法显示去脂体质量与跟骨骨密度之间因果关系无统计学意义(β=0.97,95%CI 0.91~1.03,P>0.05)。结论人体全身脂肪量与跟骨骨密度存在正向因果关系。

健康人群腰椎aBMD和vBMD检测及临床应用

目的观察成都地区健康人群腰椎面积骨密度（aBMD）、体积骨密度（vBMD）的变化规律;探讨体重指数（BMI）、体表面积（BS）与腰椎aBMD、vBMD的关系。方法①用LUNAR公司生产的EXPERT-XL双能X线骨密度仪,按常规的骨密度检测方法,测定成都地区健康体检者636例（男性247例,女性389例）,年龄20～90岁,测定部位包括腰椎正位、侧位L2-4。计算出体积骨密度。②统计学处理：用SPSS 13.0统计软件,按年龄、性别分别输入数据,以10岁为一年龄组,分别计算各组骨密度值,结果以-x±s表示。BMI、BS与aBMD、vBMD相关性用pearson相关分析。结果①男性腰椎aBMD、vBMD峰值骨密度出现在30～39岁;女性腰椎aBMD、vBMD峰值骨密度出现在20～29岁;随着年龄增加,骨密度逐渐降低。②男女腰椎aBMD累积最高丢失率分别为11.2%、30.1%,女性累积丢失率明显高于男性。男女腰椎vBMD累积最高丢失率分别为14.2%、30.4%,女性累积丢失率明显高于男性。③男性BMI、BS与aBMD骨密度呈正相关,r=0.241～0.371（P〈0.01）;与vBMD L2-4无明显相关性（P〉0.05）。女性BMI、BS与aBMD呈正相关,r=0.143～0.425（P〈0.01）;与vBMD L2-4无明显相关性（P〉0.05）。结论①男、女腰椎aBMD、vBMD分别在30～39岁,20～29岁达峰值;女性更应注意预防骨质疏松。②健康人群BMI、BS与腰椎aBMD呈正相关,与vBMD无明显相关性。

围绝经期及绝经后期女性人体体成分与腰椎骨密度的相关分析

目的探讨围绝经期及绝经后期女性人体体成分与腰椎骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)之间的关系,进一步分析该人群骨量减少的影响因素。方法招募2021年10月至2024年3月于首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院内分泌科就诊的围绝经期及绝经后期女性300例为研究对象。采用定量电子计算机断层扫描技术(quantitative computed tomography,QCT)测量腰椎骨密度,根据测量结果分为骨量正常组和骨量减少组,采用肌肉功能分析仪测定所有受试者的体质量、脂肪、下肢肌肉、膝关节活动等人体成分情况,采用更年期症状全面评估量表采集所有研究对象的年龄、绝经状态及活动类型。采用单因素方差分析比较骨量正常组和骨量减少组的人体体成分之间的差异性,采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨骨量减少的危险因素。结果300例研究对象中,围绝经期女性148例(49%),平均年龄(51.40±5.03)岁;绝经后期女性152例(51%),平均年龄(53.59±6.04)岁。绝经后期女性的骨密度低于围绝经期女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。骨量减少组118例(39%),骨量正常组182例(61%)。骨量减少组女性年龄、脂肪百分比、绝经后期占比和无锻炼占比均高于骨量正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而下肢肌肉分布系数、下肢肌力和有锻炼占比均低于骨量正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Spearman相关性分析结果表明围绝经期和绝经后期女性BMD与年龄、脂肪百分比、绝经后期占比均呈显著负相关(r=-0.492、-0.125、-0.287,P<0.05),而与下肢肌肉分布系数、下肢肌力、有锻炼占比均呈显著正相关(r=0.143、0.180、0.193,P<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄大、脂肪百分比大、下肢肌肉分布少、锻炼少是骨量减少的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论与围绝经期女性相比,绝经后期女性的腰椎骨密度明显降低,围绝经期及绝经后期女性腰椎骨密度与人体体成分及活动类型密切相关,其中年龄大、脂肪百分比大、下肢肌肉分布少、锻炼少是骨量减少的危险因素(P<0.05)。建议临床医生关注此时期女性的腰椎骨密度及人体体成分的变化,以便通过及时合理的干预措施来提高她们的生活质量,预防骨质疏松的发生。