Cotton yield per unit ground area has stagnated for a dozen years in Hubei Province, China, although a series of new high- yielding varieties have been commercialized. A multi-location investigation was carried out in...Cotton yield per unit ground area has stagnated for a dozen years in Hubei Province, China, although a series of new high- yielding varieties have been commercialized. A multi-location investigation was carried out in 2008 and 2009 in 13 counties to determine if increased planting population density （PPD） would break the stagnant yield. The results showed that significant differences among the fields existed in theoretical yield, PPD, and bolls per square meter （BPM）. The lowest yield of 1 641.1 kg ha-I was resulted from the lowest PPD of 1.7 plants m-2 and the lowest BPM of 71.8 bolls m-2, while the highest yield of 2 779.7 kg ha-~ was resulted from the highest PPD of 2.5 plants m-2, and the highest BPM of 129.4 bolls m-z. Plant mapping revealed that boll retention rate （BRR） was maintained over 30 or 40% for the first 17-18 fruiting branches （FBs） and decreased dramatically thereafter, rotten boll rate （RBR） decreased, but open boll rate （OBR） rose first and dropped later with rising FB from the bottom to the top. But BRR, RBR, and OBR were all dropped with the fruiting positions （FPs） extending outwards. The optimum range of plant density would be 2-3 plants m-2 and the proper individual plant structure would be 16-19 FBs with 5-7 FPs for cotton production in Hubei Province.展开更多
Background: In order to uncover the mechanism of significantly reduced insect resistance at the late developmental stage in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.),the relationship between boll setting rate under different plan...Background: In order to uncover the mechanism of significantly reduced insect resistance at the late developmental stage in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.),the relationship between boll setting rate under different planting densities and Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)insecticidal concentrations in the boll wall were investigated in the present study.Two studies were arranged at Yangzhou,China during the 2017–2018 cotton growth seasons.Five planting densities(15000,25000,45000,60000 and 75000 plants per hectare)and the flower-removal treatment were imposed separately on Bt cotton cultivar Sikang3 to arrange different boll setting rates,and the boll setting rates and Bt toxin content were compared.Results: Higher boll setting rate together with lower Bt toxin contents in boll wall was observed under low planting density,whereas lower boll setting rate and higher Bt toxin contents were found under high planting density.Also,higher Bt protein concentration was associated with higher soluble protein content,glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(GPT),and glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase(GOT)activities,but lower amino acid content,and protease and peptidase activities.It was further confirmed that a higher boll setting rate with lower Bt protein content under flower-removal.Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the insecticidal efficacy of boll walls was significantly impacted by boll formation.Reduced protein synthesis and enhanced protein degradation were related to the reduced Bt toxin concentration.展开更多
为提高机采棉脱叶、吐絮效果,探索脱叶剂的施药方法,筛选出适合于南疆各垦区的棉花脱叶剂产品。分别采用50%噻苯隆WP、80%噻苯隆WP、40%乙烯利水剂、50%敌草隆WP按不同配比在阿拉尔垦区、库尔勒垦区、沙井子垦区、塔里木垦区进行了田间...为提高机采棉脱叶、吐絮效果,探索脱叶剂的施药方法,筛选出适合于南疆各垦区的棉花脱叶剂产品。分别采用50%噻苯隆WP、80%噻苯隆WP、40%乙烯利水剂、50%敌草隆WP按不同配比在阿拉尔垦区、库尔勒垦区、沙井子垦区、塔里木垦区进行了田间对比试验。试验结果表明:540 g/L敌草隆·噻苯隆SC 300 m L/hm^2加乙烯利1 050 m L/hm^2处理棉花后脱叶率提高了9.95%,吐絮率提高了7.07%,棉纤维长度增加了-0.91%,增产率达2.42%,其关联系数可达0.720 6,明显高于其他处理的关联度。综合各脱叶剂处理棉花后的脱叶、吐絮及对产量、品质的影响程度,南疆棉区使用540 g/L敌草隆·噻苯隆SC 300 m L/hm^2加乙烯利1 050 m L/hm^2更优于其他配比。展开更多
为研究早熟陆地棉新陆早60号在两种机采棉种植模式下化学脱叶催熟效果,采用两种机采种植模式:一膜6行机采模式M1(株行距配置为66cm+10cm)和一膜3行机采模式M2(76cm等行距),分析两种模式下喷施脱叶剂后棉花脱叶率、挂枝率、吐絮率、纤维...为研究早熟陆地棉新陆早60号在两种机采棉种植模式下化学脱叶催熟效果,采用两种机采种植模式:一膜6行机采模式M1(株行距配置为66cm+10cm)和一膜3行机采模式M2(76cm等行距),分析两种模式下喷施脱叶剂后棉花脱叶率、挂枝率、吐絮率、纤维产量及品质性状的差异。结果表明:24DAS(Days after Spraying Defoliant)时,两种机采种植模式下新陆早60号脱叶率表现为M2>M1,挂枝率表现为M2<M1,差异均达到极显著(P<0.01)水平。喷施药剂后吐絮率表现为M2>M1,3DAS时,差异达显著(P<0.01)水平;10DAS和17DAS时,吐絮率差异均达到极显著(P<0.01)水平。喷施药剂后单铃重表现为M2>M1,差异达到极显著(P<0.01)水平;衣分、籽棉产量、皮棉产量表现为M1>M2,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。喷施药剂后纤维长度、纤维强度、马克隆值、伸长率的表现为M2>M1,但差异未达到显著水平(P>0.05)。综合来看,新陆早60号在M2机采模式下喷施脱叶剂后脱叶、吐絮效果较好,单铃重较高,产量略降低,但其纤维品质性标略有提升,因此新陆早60号配套M2机采模式更适宜在生产中推广应用。展开更多
基金funded by the Professional (Agriculture) Researching Project for Public Benefit of Ministry of Agriculture,China (3-5)High-Yielding Promotion Project of Ministry of Agriculture,Chinathe National Industrial System Program of Modern Agriculture,China
文摘Cotton yield per unit ground area has stagnated for a dozen years in Hubei Province, China, although a series of new high- yielding varieties have been commercialized. A multi-location investigation was carried out in 2008 and 2009 in 13 counties to determine if increased planting population density （PPD） would break the stagnant yield. The results showed that significant differences among the fields existed in theoretical yield, PPD, and bolls per square meter （BPM）. The lowest yield of 1 641.1 kg ha-I was resulted from the lowest PPD of 1.7 plants m-2 and the lowest BPM of 71.8 bolls m-2, while the highest yield of 2 779.7 kg ha-~ was resulted from the highest PPD of 2.5 plants m-2, and the highest BPM of 129.4 bolls m-z. Plant mapping revealed that boll retention rate （BRR） was maintained over 30 or 40% for the first 17-18 fruiting branches （FBs） and decreased dramatically thereafter, rotten boll rate （RBR） decreased, but open boll rate （OBR） rose first and dropped later with rising FB from the bottom to the top. But BRR, RBR, and OBR were all dropped with the fruiting positions （FPs） extending outwards. The optimum range of plant density would be 2-3 plants m-2 and the proper individual plant structure would be 16-19 FBs with 5-7 FPs for cotton production in Hubei Province.
基金Natural Science Research of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(17KJA210003)The Project#31671613 and#31901462 supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,Project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China(PAPD)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20191439)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX19_2106).
文摘Background: In order to uncover the mechanism of significantly reduced insect resistance at the late developmental stage in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.),the relationship between boll setting rate under different planting densities and Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)insecticidal concentrations in the boll wall were investigated in the present study.Two studies were arranged at Yangzhou,China during the 2017–2018 cotton growth seasons.Five planting densities(15000,25000,45000,60000 and 75000 plants per hectare)and the flower-removal treatment were imposed separately on Bt cotton cultivar Sikang3 to arrange different boll setting rates,and the boll setting rates and Bt toxin content were compared.Results: Higher boll setting rate together with lower Bt toxin contents in boll wall was observed under low planting density,whereas lower boll setting rate and higher Bt toxin contents were found under high planting density.Also,higher Bt protein concentration was associated with higher soluble protein content,glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(GPT),and glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase(GOT)activities,but lower amino acid content,and protease and peptidase activities.It was further confirmed that a higher boll setting rate with lower Bt protein content under flower-removal.Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the insecticidal efficacy of boll walls was significantly impacted by boll formation.Reduced protein synthesis and enhanced protein degradation were related to the reduced Bt toxin concentration.
文摘为提高机采棉脱叶、吐絮效果,探索脱叶剂的施药方法,筛选出适合于南疆各垦区的棉花脱叶剂产品。分别采用50%噻苯隆WP、80%噻苯隆WP、40%乙烯利水剂、50%敌草隆WP按不同配比在阿拉尔垦区、库尔勒垦区、沙井子垦区、塔里木垦区进行了田间对比试验。试验结果表明:540 g/L敌草隆·噻苯隆SC 300 m L/hm^2加乙烯利1 050 m L/hm^2处理棉花后脱叶率提高了9.95%,吐絮率提高了7.07%,棉纤维长度增加了-0.91%,增产率达2.42%,其关联系数可达0.720 6,明显高于其他处理的关联度。综合各脱叶剂处理棉花后的脱叶、吐絮及对产量、品质的影响程度,南疆棉区使用540 g/L敌草隆·噻苯隆SC 300 m L/hm^2加乙烯利1 050 m L/hm^2更优于其他配比。
文摘为研究早熟陆地棉新陆早60号在两种机采棉种植模式下化学脱叶催熟效果,采用两种机采种植模式:一膜6行机采模式M1(株行距配置为66cm+10cm)和一膜3行机采模式M2(76cm等行距),分析两种模式下喷施脱叶剂后棉花脱叶率、挂枝率、吐絮率、纤维产量及品质性状的差异。结果表明:24DAS(Days after Spraying Defoliant)时,两种机采种植模式下新陆早60号脱叶率表现为M2>M1,挂枝率表现为M2<M1,差异均达到极显著(P<0.01)水平。喷施药剂后吐絮率表现为M2>M1,3DAS时,差异达显著(P<0.01)水平;10DAS和17DAS时,吐絮率差异均达到极显著(P<0.01)水平。喷施药剂后单铃重表现为M2>M1,差异达到极显著(P<0.01)水平;衣分、籽棉产量、皮棉产量表现为M1>M2,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。喷施药剂后纤维长度、纤维强度、马克隆值、伸长率的表现为M2>M1,但差异未达到显著水平(P>0.05)。综合来看,新陆早60号在M2机采模式下喷施脱叶剂后脱叶、吐絮效果较好,单铃重较高,产量略降低,但其纤维品质性标略有提升,因此新陆早60号配套M2机采模式更适宜在生产中推广应用。
