In this paper, the distribution and expression of diapause hormone (DH) at mRNA and protein levels in the central nervous system of Bombyx mori embryo and larva were studied using whole-mount in situ hybridization and...In this paper, the distribution and expression of diapause hormone (DH) at mRNA and protein levels in the central nervous system of Bombyx mori embryo and larva were studied using whole-mount in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry. Whole-mount immunocytochemistry revealed that the distribution of the DH-like immunoreactivity was throughout the central nervous system including the brain, suboesophageal ganglion (SG) and thoracic ganglia(TG); and that the corpus cardiacum and terminal abdominal ganglion may be the site for DH release due to the presence of strong immunoreactivity. In situ hybridization with the probe labeled by digoxigenin shows that the BomDHmRNA was also localized in the mandibular, maxillary, labial cell clusters. In addition, a pair of lateral neurons in the SG and a pair of ventral midline neurons in each TG expressing the Bom-DH transcript were also identified. Thesere sults were consistent with the localization of Bom-DH mRNA in larva by in situ hybridization and the distribution of the gene by RT-PCR, which is some different from the results reported previously.展开更多
Pupae inside cocoons rarely suffer from disease. It is apparent that some factors in the cocoon exert antimicrobial effects whereby the pupae inside can be protected from microbial infection. In the present study, we ...Pupae inside cocoons rarely suffer from disease. It is apparent that some factors in the cocoon exert antimicrobial effects whereby the pupae inside can be protected from microbial infection. In the present study, we investigated the expression of cocoon protease inhibitors using immunoblotting and activity staining. Enzymatic hydrolysis of cocoon proteins in vitro was performed to characterize their roles in protecting the cocoon from microbial proteases. We found that some protease inhibitors, particularly trypsin inhibitor-like （TIL）-type protease inhibitors, can be secreted into the cocoon layer during the spinning process, thereby providing effective protection to the cocoon and pupa by inhibiting the extracellular proteases that can be secreted by pathogens.展开更多
文摘In this paper, the distribution and expression of diapause hormone (DH) at mRNA and protein levels in the central nervous system of Bombyx mori embryo and larva were studied using whole-mount in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry. Whole-mount immunocytochemistry revealed that the distribution of the DH-like immunoreactivity was throughout the central nervous system including the brain, suboesophageal ganglion (SG) and thoracic ganglia(TG); and that the corpus cardiacum and terminal abdominal ganglion may be the site for DH release due to the presence of strong immunoreactivity. In situ hybridization with the probe labeled by digoxigenin shows that the BomDHmRNA was also localized in the mandibular, maxillary, labial cell clusters. In addition, a pair of lateral neurons in the SG and a pair of ventral midline neurons in each TG expressing the Bom-DH transcript were also identified. Thesere sults were consistent with the localization of Bom-DH mRNA in larva by in situ hybridization and the distribution of the gene by RT-PCR, which is some different from the results reported previously.
文摘Pupae inside cocoons rarely suffer from disease. It is apparent that some factors in the cocoon exert antimicrobial effects whereby the pupae inside can be protected from microbial infection. In the present study, we investigated the expression of cocoon protease inhibitors using immunoblotting and activity staining. Enzymatic hydrolysis of cocoon proteins in vitro was performed to characterize their roles in protecting the cocoon from microbial proteases. We found that some protease inhibitors, particularly trypsin inhibitor-like （TIL）-type protease inhibitors, can be secreted into the cocoon layer during the spinning process, thereby providing effective protection to the cocoon and pupa by inhibiting the extracellular proteases that can be secreted by pathogens.
