The BCR/ABL fusion gene or the Ph^1-chromosome in the t(9;22)(q34;q11)exerts a high tyrokinase acticity,which is the cause of chronic myeloid leukemia(CML).The1990 Hannover Bone Marrow Classification separated CML fro...The BCR/ABL fusion gene or the Ph^1-chromosome in the t(9;22)(q34;q11)exerts a high tyrokinase acticity,which is the cause of chronic myeloid leukemia(CML).The1990 Hannover Bone Marrow Classification separated CML from the myeloproliferative disorders essential thrombocythemia(ET),polycythemia vera(PV)and chronic megakaryocytic granulocytic myeloproliferation(CMGM).The 2006-2008 European Clinical Molecular and Pathological(ECMP)criteria discovered 3variants of thrombocythemia:ET with features of PV(prodromal PV),"true"ET and ET associated with CMGM.The 2008 World Health Organization(WHO)-ECMP and 2014 WHO-CMP classifications defined three phenotypes of JAK2^(V617F)mutated ET:normocellular ET(WHO-ET),hypercelluar ET due to increased erythropoiesis(prodromal PV)and ET with hypercellular megakaryocytic-granulocytic myeloproliferation.The JAK2^(V617F)mutation load in heterozygous WHO-ET is low and associated with normal life expectance.The hetero/homozygous JAK2^(V617F)mutation load in PV and myelofibrosis is related to myeloproliferative neoplasm(MPN)disease burden in terms of symptomaticsplenomegaly,constitutional symptoms,bone marrow hypercellularity and myelofibrosis.JAK2 exon 12mutated MPN presents as idiopathic eryhrocythemia and early stage PV.According to 2014 WHO-CMP criteria JAK2 wild type MPL^(515)mutated ET is the second distinct thrombocythemia featured by clustered giant megakaryocytes with hyperlobulated stag-horn-like nuclei,in a normocellular bone marrow consistent with the diagnosis of"true"ET.JAK2/MPL wild type,calreticulin mutated hypercellular ET appears to be the third distinct thrombocythemia characterized by clustered larged immature dysmorphic megakaryocytes and bulky(bulbous)hyperchromatic nuclei consistent with CMGM or primary megakaryocytic granulocytic myeloproliferation.展开更多
The Polycythemia Vera Study Group(PVSG),World Health Organization(WHO) and European Clinical,Molecular and Pathological(ECMP) classifications agree upon the diagnostic criteria for polycythemia vera(PV) and advanced p...The Polycythemia Vera Study Group(PVSG),World Health Organization(WHO) and European Clinical,Molecular and Pathological(ECMP) classifications agree upon the diagnostic criteria for polycythemia vera(PV) and advanced primary myelofibrosis(MF). Essential thrombocythemia(ET) according to PVSG and 2007/2008 WHO criteria comprises three variants of JAK2V617 F mutated ET when the ECMP criteria are applied. These include normocellular ET,hypercellular ET with features of early PV(prodromal PV),and hypercellular ET due to megakaryocytic,granulocytic myeloprolifera-tion(ET.MGM). Evolution of prodromal PV into overt PV is common. Development of MF is rare in normocellular ET(WHO-ET) but rather common in hypercellular ET.MGM. The JAK2V617 F mutation burden in heterozygous mutated normocellular ET and in heterozygous/homozygous or homozygous mutated PV and ET.MGM is of major prognostic significance. JAK2/MPL wild type ET associated with prefibrotic primary megakaryocytic and granulocytic myeloproliferation(PMGM) is characterized by densely clustered immature dysmorphic megakaryocytes with bulky(bulbous) hyperchromatic nuclei,which are never seen in JAK2V617 F mutated ET,and PV and also not in MPL515 mutated normocellular ET(WHO-ET). JAK2V617 mutation burden,spleen size,LDH,circulating CD34+ cells,and pre-treatment bone marrow histopathology are mandatory to stage the myeloproliferative neoplasms ET,PV,PMGM for proper prognosis assessment and therapeutic implications. MF itself is not a disease because reticulin fibrosis and reticulin/collagen fibrosis are secondary responses of activated polyclonal fibroblasts to cytokines released from the clonal myeloproliferative granulocytic and megakaryocytic progenitor cells in ET.MGM,PV and PMGM.展开更多
门静脉高压是指门静脉和下腔静脉之间的压力梯度增加超过5 mm Hg[1],是一种常见的临床综合征,主要表现为脾大、腹水、胃食管静脉曲张引起的消化道出血等。肝硬化是门静脉高压症最常见的原因,非肝硬化门静脉高压症临床少见,且病因多样。...门静脉高压是指门静脉和下腔静脉之间的压力梯度增加超过5 mm Hg[1],是一种常见的临床综合征,主要表现为脾大、腹水、胃食管静脉曲张引起的消化道出血等。肝硬化是门静脉高压症最常见的原因,非肝硬化门静脉高压症临床少见,且病因多样。现报道1例反复以消化道出血、脾大就诊,影像学检查提示有门静脉高压而无肝硬化表现,骨穿后最终确诊为多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者。MM以门静脉高压所致消化道出血为首发症状者少见,应引起临床重视。展开更多
背景:骨髓间充质干细胞具有来源广泛、免疫原性低等优点,尤其易于导入和表达外源基因,作为抗肿瘤基因治疗的载体具有明显优越性。目的:探讨骨髓间充质干细胞负载白细胞介素12重组腺病毒对卵巢癌细胞增殖、细胞周期和细胞凋亡的影响。方...背景:骨髓间充质干细胞具有来源广泛、免疫原性低等优点,尤其易于导入和表达外源基因,作为抗肿瘤基因治疗的载体具有明显优越性。目的:探讨骨髓间充质干细胞负载白细胞介素12重组腺病毒对卵巢癌细胞增殖、细胞周期和细胞凋亡的影响。方法:腺病毒介导白细胞介素12基因转染骨髓间充质干细胞,RT-PCR和Western Blotting测定骨髓间充质干细胞中白细胞介素12 m RNA和蛋白的表达,ELISA法测定细胞上清液中白细胞介素12水平。将SKOV3卵巢癌细胞与白细胞介素12重组腺病毒转染的骨髓间充质干细胞上清液共培养,对照组为SKOV3细胞与未转染骨髓间充质干细胞上清液共培养,MTT法测定SKOV3细胞增殖活性,流式细胞仪检测SKOV3细胞周期和细胞凋亡率。结果与结论:(1)腺病毒介导白细胞介素12基因成功转染到骨髓间充质干细胞中,转染后细胞有白细胞介素12 m RNA和蛋白的表达,空病毒载体组和空白对照组骨髓间充质干细胞未检测到白细胞介素12表达;(2)培养48 h,白细胞介素12组骨髓间充质干细胞上清液中白细胞介素12水平为(68.78±12.35)μg/L,空病毒载体组和空白对照组骨髓间充质干细胞上清液中未检测到白细胞介素12;(3)白细胞介素12转染组骨髓间充质干细胞上清液对SKOV3细胞增殖有抑制作用,细胞增殖抑制率随时间的延长而增加(P<0.05)。转染组SKOV3细胞G1期细胞比例高于对照组(P<0.05),G2期细胞比例低于对照组(P<0.05)。转染组SKOV3细胞凋亡率高于对照组(P<0.05);(4)结果表明,转染白细胞介素12基因的骨髓间充质干细胞能够表达白细胞介素12,其培养上清液能够抑制卵巢癌细胞增殖并诱导其凋亡。展开更多
文摘The BCR/ABL fusion gene or the Ph^1-chromosome in the t(9;22)(q34;q11)exerts a high tyrokinase acticity,which is the cause of chronic myeloid leukemia(CML).The1990 Hannover Bone Marrow Classification separated CML from the myeloproliferative disorders essential thrombocythemia(ET),polycythemia vera(PV)and chronic megakaryocytic granulocytic myeloproliferation(CMGM).The 2006-2008 European Clinical Molecular and Pathological(ECMP)criteria discovered 3variants of thrombocythemia:ET with features of PV(prodromal PV),"true"ET and ET associated with CMGM.The 2008 World Health Organization(WHO)-ECMP and 2014 WHO-CMP classifications defined three phenotypes of JAK2^(V617F)mutated ET:normocellular ET(WHO-ET),hypercelluar ET due to increased erythropoiesis(prodromal PV)and ET with hypercellular megakaryocytic-granulocytic myeloproliferation.The JAK2^(V617F)mutation load in heterozygous WHO-ET is low and associated with normal life expectance.The hetero/homozygous JAK2^(V617F)mutation load in PV and myelofibrosis is related to myeloproliferative neoplasm(MPN)disease burden in terms of symptomaticsplenomegaly,constitutional symptoms,bone marrow hypercellularity and myelofibrosis.JAK2 exon 12mutated MPN presents as idiopathic eryhrocythemia and early stage PV.According to 2014 WHO-CMP criteria JAK2 wild type MPL^(515)mutated ET is the second distinct thrombocythemia featured by clustered giant megakaryocytes with hyperlobulated stag-horn-like nuclei,in a normocellular bone marrow consistent with the diagnosis of"true"ET.JAK2/MPL wild type,calreticulin mutated hypercellular ET appears to be the third distinct thrombocythemia characterized by clustered larged immature dysmorphic megakaryocytes and bulky(bulbous)hyperchromatic nuclei consistent with CMGM or primary megakaryocytic granulocytic myeloproliferation.
文摘The Polycythemia Vera Study Group(PVSG),World Health Organization(WHO) and European Clinical,Molecular and Pathological(ECMP) classifications agree upon the diagnostic criteria for polycythemia vera(PV) and advanced primary myelofibrosis(MF). Essential thrombocythemia(ET) according to PVSG and 2007/2008 WHO criteria comprises three variants of JAK2V617 F mutated ET when the ECMP criteria are applied. These include normocellular ET,hypercellular ET with features of early PV(prodromal PV),and hypercellular ET due to megakaryocytic,granulocytic myeloprolifera-tion(ET.MGM). Evolution of prodromal PV into overt PV is common. Development of MF is rare in normocellular ET(WHO-ET) but rather common in hypercellular ET.MGM. The JAK2V617 F mutation burden in heterozygous mutated normocellular ET and in heterozygous/homozygous or homozygous mutated PV and ET.MGM is of major prognostic significance. JAK2/MPL wild type ET associated with prefibrotic primary megakaryocytic and granulocytic myeloproliferation(PMGM) is characterized by densely clustered immature dysmorphic megakaryocytes with bulky(bulbous) hyperchromatic nuclei,which are never seen in JAK2V617 F mutated ET,and PV and also not in MPL515 mutated normocellular ET(WHO-ET). JAK2V617 mutation burden,spleen size,LDH,circulating CD34+ cells,and pre-treatment bone marrow histopathology are mandatory to stage the myeloproliferative neoplasms ET,PV,PMGM for proper prognosis assessment and therapeutic implications. MF itself is not a disease because reticulin fibrosis and reticulin/collagen fibrosis are secondary responses of activated polyclonal fibroblasts to cytokines released from the clonal myeloproliferative granulocytic and megakaryocytic progenitor cells in ET.MGM,PV and PMGM.
文摘门静脉高压是指门静脉和下腔静脉之间的压力梯度增加超过5 mm Hg[1],是一种常见的临床综合征,主要表现为脾大、腹水、胃食管静脉曲张引起的消化道出血等。肝硬化是门静脉高压症最常见的原因,非肝硬化门静脉高压症临床少见,且病因多样。现报道1例反复以消化道出血、脾大就诊,影像学检查提示有门静脉高压而无肝硬化表现,骨穿后最终确诊为多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者。MM以门静脉高压所致消化道出血为首发症状者少见,应引起临床重视。
文摘背景:骨髓间充质干细胞具有来源广泛、免疫原性低等优点,尤其易于导入和表达外源基因,作为抗肿瘤基因治疗的载体具有明显优越性。目的:探讨骨髓间充质干细胞负载白细胞介素12重组腺病毒对卵巢癌细胞增殖、细胞周期和细胞凋亡的影响。方法:腺病毒介导白细胞介素12基因转染骨髓间充质干细胞,RT-PCR和Western Blotting测定骨髓间充质干细胞中白细胞介素12 m RNA和蛋白的表达,ELISA法测定细胞上清液中白细胞介素12水平。将SKOV3卵巢癌细胞与白细胞介素12重组腺病毒转染的骨髓间充质干细胞上清液共培养,对照组为SKOV3细胞与未转染骨髓间充质干细胞上清液共培养,MTT法测定SKOV3细胞增殖活性,流式细胞仪检测SKOV3细胞周期和细胞凋亡率。结果与结论:(1)腺病毒介导白细胞介素12基因成功转染到骨髓间充质干细胞中,转染后细胞有白细胞介素12 m RNA和蛋白的表达,空病毒载体组和空白对照组骨髓间充质干细胞未检测到白细胞介素12表达;(2)培养48 h,白细胞介素12组骨髓间充质干细胞上清液中白细胞介素12水平为(68.78±12.35)μg/L,空病毒载体组和空白对照组骨髓间充质干细胞上清液中未检测到白细胞介素12;(3)白细胞介素12转染组骨髓间充质干细胞上清液对SKOV3细胞增殖有抑制作用,细胞增殖抑制率随时间的延长而增加(P<0.05)。转染组SKOV3细胞G1期细胞比例高于对照组(P<0.05),G2期细胞比例低于对照组(P<0.05)。转染组SKOV3细胞凋亡率高于对照组(P<0.05);(4)结果表明,转染白细胞介素12基因的骨髓间充质干细胞能够表达白细胞介素12,其培养上清液能够抑制卵巢癌细胞增殖并诱导其凋亡。
