Ankle-brachial index and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity are risk factors for ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes

The incidence of ischemic stroke in patients with diabetes is increasing. While brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity （BaPWV） and ankle-bra- chial index （ABI） are known to be associated with ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, whether these measures predict the risk of ischemic cerebrovascular disease in diabetic patients remains unclear. 117 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in this study. According to the results of head magnetic resonance imaging, the patients were divided into a diabetes-only group （n = 55） and a diabetes and ischemic stroke group （n = 62）. We then performed ABI and BaPWV examinations for all patients. Compared with the diabe- tes-only group, we found decreased ABI and increased BaPWV in the diabetes and ischemic stroke group. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that BaPWV and ABI were risk factors for ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes. Our findings indicate that decreased ABI and increased BaPWV are objective indicators of increased risk of ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Serum Calcium Level is Associated with Brachial-ankle Pulse Wave Velocity in Middle-aged and Elderly Chinese

Objective To study the relation between serum calcium level and elevated BaPWV in Chinese subjects. Methods The relation between serum calcium level and elevated BaPWV was studied in 9 615 subjects. The mean value of left and right BaPWV was analyzed. BaPWV was defined as high when it was31 752.5 cm/s （the upper quartile） either side. Results The BaPWV and its elevated percentage progressively increased across the quartiles of the serum calcium level （P〈0.05）. The prevalence of elevated BaPWV was significantly higher in subjects of the second, third and highest quartiles than in those of the lowest quartile （26.9%, 28.4%, and 33.2%vs 23.7%, P=0.0116, P=0.0004, and P〈0.0001）. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk of elevated BaPWV was 1.32- fold higher in subjects of the highest quartile than in those of the lowest quartile （OR=1.32, 95%CI：1.08-1.60）. Conclusion The elevated serum calcium level is related to an elevated BaPWV and a higher risk of arterial stiffness, independent of conventional risk factors, in middle-aged and elderly Chinese subjects.

Relationship between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and metabolic syndrome components in a Chinese population

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between arterial stiffness, as measured by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity （baPWV）, and the presence of the metabolic syndrome （MS） in a Chinese population. A total of 4,445 subjects were enrolled. The prevalence of MS in for the general population, males and females, respectively. our study population was 21.7%, 17.2% and 25.6% With adjustments for age, gender, cigarette smoking, heart rate, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein （LDL） cholesterol, and the use of anti-hypertensive drug, the stepwise regression analysis showed that baPWV had a significant relationship with components of MS, including systolic blood pressure （P 〈 0.001）, diastolic blood pressure （P 〈 0.001）, glucose （P 〈 0.001）, highdensity lipoprotein （HDL） cholesterol （P = 0.04）, and triglycerides （P 〈 0.001）, but no relationship with waist circumference （P = 0.25）. With an increase in the number of the MS components, baPWV increased significantly both in women and men. This study indicated that the MS is indeed a risk factor for arterial stiffness. Monitoring of baPWV in patients with MS may help in identifying persons at high risk for cardiovascular disease.

Reference values of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity for Northern Chinese

Background Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity （baPWV） is a reliable method for measuring arterial elasticity, but the absence of reference value for baPWV has limited its wide use. We conducted an epidemical study in north China to investigate the reference value of baPWV for Chinese people and its influential factors. Methods A total of 974 identified healthy subjects were recruited in this study. The values of baPWV were evaluated noninvasively with an automatic device. Results For healthy population, the mean value of baPWV was higher for male （P 〈0.001）. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that both age and systolic blood pressure were positively associated with baPWV for male and female （P 〈0.001）. BaPWV value was higher in male than in female in younger group （〈50 years） but not in older group （P〈-0.001）. The upper limits of baPWV were 1394/1264 cm/s, 1435/1361 cm/s, 1552/1433 cm/s, 1597/1609 cm/s and 1798/1915 cm/s for healthy male/female at 10 years interval （age range 20-70 years）. Conclusions Aging is the most important reason of arterial stiffness, but the effect of age on baPWV augmentation is greater for healthy female than their male counterpart. The reference values of baPWV by sex and age are very useful for clinical and preventive medicine.

Increased brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity is associated with impaired endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease

Background Pulse wave velocity and flow-mediated vasodilation （FMD） are widely used as noninvasive modalities for evaluating atherosclerosis. However, it is not known whether pulse wave velocity is related to FMD in patients with coronary artery disease （CAD）. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the alteration in brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity （baPWV） and endothelial function in CAD patients. Methods Thirty-three patients with CAD and thirty control subjects were recruited for this study, baPWV was measured non-invasively using a VP 1000 automated PWV/ABI analyzer （PWV/ABI, Colin Co. Ltd., Komaki, Japan）. Endothelial function as reflected by FMD in the brachial artery was assessed with a high-resolution ultrasound device. Results baPWV was increased in CAD patients compared with control subjects [（1756.1±253.1） cm/s vs （1495.3±202.3） cm/s, P〈0.01]. FMD was significantly reduced in CAD patients compared with control subjects [（5.2±2.1） % vs （11.1±4.4） %, P〈0.01]. baPWV correlated with FMD （r =-0.68, P〈0.001）. The endothelium-independent vasodilation induced by sublingual nitroglycerin in the brachial artery was similar in the CAD group compared with the control group.Conclusions CAD is associated with increased baPWV and endothelial dysfunction. Increased baPWV parallels diminished endothelial function. Our data therefore suggest that baPWV can be used as a noninvasive surrogate index in clinical evaluation of endothelial function.

Can we early diagnose metabolic syndrome using brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in community population？

Background The prevalence of metabolic syndrome （MetS） increased recently and there was still not a screening index to predict MetS.The aim of this study was to estimate whether brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity （baPVVV）,a novel marker for systemic arterial stiffness,could predict MetS in Chinese community population.Methods A total of 2 191 participants were recruited and underwent medical examination including 1 455 men and 756 women from June 2011 to January 2012.MetS was diagnosed according to the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation （IDF）.Multiple Logistic regressions were conducted to explore the risk factors of MetS.Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was performed to estimate the ideal diagnostic cutoff point of baPWV to predict MetS.Results The mean age was （45.35±8.27） years old.In multiple Logistic regression analysis,the gender,baPWV and smoking status were risk factors to MetS after adjusting age,gender,baPWV,walk time and sleeping time.The prevalence of MetS was 17.48% in 30-year age population in Shanghai.There were significant differences （Х^2=96.46,P 〈0.05） between male and female participants on MetS prevalence.According to the ROC analyses,the ideal cutoff point of baPWV was 1 358.50 cm/s （AUC=60.20%） to predict MetS among male group and 1 350.00 cm/s （AUC=70.90%） among female group.Conclusion BaPWV may be considered as a screening marker to predict MetS in community Chinese population and the diagnostic value of 1 350.00 cm/s was more significant for the female group.

臂踝动脉脉搏波传导速度与发生恶性肿瘤的关系

目的探讨臂踝动脉脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)与发生恶性肿瘤的关系。方法采用横断面研究方法,研究对象为参加2010至2017年健康体检且同时参加baPWV检测的开滦集团职工(41404例)。按照baPWV水平将观察对象分为3组,分别为baPWV<1400 cm/s、1400 cm/s≤baPWV<1800 cm/s和baPWV≥1800 cm/s。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析不同baPWV分组与恶性肿瘤的关系。结果观察对象年龄(48.1±12.1)岁,男性占71.9%。baPWV<1400 cm/s、1400 cm/s≤baPWV<1800 cm/s、baPWV≥1800 cm/s组发生恶性肿瘤比例分别为0.58%、0.77%、0.92%。多因素Logistic回归模型分析显示,校正混杂因素:年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒、体育锻炼、空腹血糖、平均动脉压、腰围、体重指数、总胆固醇和C-反应蛋白,与baPWV<1400 cm/s组比较,1400≤baPWV<1800 cm/s和baPWV≥1800 cm/s组观察对象发生恶性肿瘤的OR(95%CI)值分别为1.17(1.06~1.30)、1.47(1.28~1.70)(P<0.01)。结论动脉硬化与发生恶性肿瘤有关联。

各年龄段人群血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶与外周动脉硬化的相关性分析

目的:研究各年龄段人群血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)与外周动脉硬化的相关性。方法:以体检人群为研究对象,收集一般临床资料,采用免疫化学发光法测定血清NSE浓度,通过肱-踝脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)评估外周动脉硬化;根据年龄将研究人群分为3组:青年组(≤44岁)、中年组(45~59岁)和老年组(≥60岁),评估不同年龄组血清NSE水平与baPWV及外周动脉硬化的相关性。结果:共纳入7338名研究对象,青年组2847例,中年组3614例,老年组877例;各年龄组中,血清NSE浓度、收缩压、超敏C反应蛋白均为baPWV的独立影响因素(P<0.05),年龄越大,血清NSE浓度与baPWV相关性越高;各年龄组中,血清NSE浓度、心率、吸烟史、高血压、糖尿病、空腹血糖、收缩压、舒张压、甘油三酯、肌酐、白细胞均为外周动脉硬化(baPWV≥1400 cm/s)的危险因素(P<0.05);青年组及中年组中,高密度脂蛋白是外周动脉硬化的保护因素(P<0.05)。按NSE浓度四分位数进一步将各组研究人群分为4组,校正分析影响外周动脉硬化的因素。结果提示,与Q1组相比,除青年组外,中年组及老年组发生外周动脉硬化的OR值均随NSE浓度梯度递增而逐步递增(P<0.05)。结论:各年龄组人群中,baPWV数值随血清NSE浓度增加而增加,NSE是外周动脉硬化的独立危险因素,随着NSE浓度梯度递增,中年及老年人群发生外周动脉硬化的风险也逐步递增。

血清Adropin浓度与踝臂指数、肱-踝动脉脉搏波传导速度的相关性

目的研究血清Adropin浓度与踝臂指数(ankle brachial index,ABI)、肱-踝动脉脉搏波传导速度(brachial ankle pulse wave velocity,Ba-PWV)的相关性。方法纳入2022年1月至2023年6月心内科住院治疗的患者179例,酶联免疫吸附法检测血清Adropin浓度,测量肱、踝动脉收缩压及Ba-PWV,计算ABI。根据ABI分组:ABI较低组(ABI<0.9,n=71)和ABI较高组(ABI≥0.9,n=108)。根据Ba-PWV分组:Ba-PWV较高组(Ba-PWV≥1400 cm/s,n=118),Ba-PWV较低组(Ba-PWV<1400 cm/s,n=61)。结果与ABI较高组比较,ABI较低组高血压发病率高、血清Adropin浓度低(P<0.001)。Logistic回归分析显示:血清Adropin浓度与低ABI呈负相关(偏相关系数为-0.715,P=0.027,OR=0.529,95%CI:0.342~0.987)。ROC分析:血清Adropin浓度<2998 pg/mL可预测低ABI及动脉粥样硬化(P<0.001),ROC曲线下面积:0.864;95%CI:(0.804~0.925),灵敏度:89.8%,特异性:81.7%。与Ba-PWV较低组比较,Ba-PWV较高组空腹血糖水平高、高血压病发病率高、血清Adropin浓度低(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析:血清adropin浓度与高Ba-PWV呈负相关(偏相关系数为-0.562,P=0.002,OR=0.587,95%CI:0.398~0.837)。ROC分析:血清Adropin浓度<3019 pg/mL可预测高Ba-PWV及动脉粥样硬化(P<0.001),ROC曲线下面积:0.861;95%CI:(0.792~0.929),灵敏度:86.9%,特异性:53.4%。结论血清Adropin浓度与大动脉硬化及外周动脉粥样硬化相关。

ACE、APN及baPWV预测糖尿病合并高血压发生心脑血管事件的价值

目的 探讨血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)、脂联素(APN)及肱踝脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)预测糖尿病合并高血压发生心脑血管事件的价值。方法 选取2019年1月—2022年2月在我院治疗的糖尿病合并高血压患者138例,随访患者发生心脑血管事件情况,分析比较发生和未发生心脑血管事件患者ACE、APN、baPWV等临床资料差异。结果 发生心血管事件患者BMI、收缩压、甘油三酯(TG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、ACE和baPWV明显高于未发生心血管事件患者,而APN明显低于未发生心血管事件(均P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示:BMI、收缩压、ACE、APN和baPWV是患者发生心血管事件的影响因素(P<0.05)。发生冠心病、缺血性脑卒中、心源性猝死和脑出血患者性别、年龄、ACE、APN、baPWV等临床资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ACE、APN和baPWV预测心血管事件发生的ROC曲线下面积比较,其中baPWV预测价值明显高于ACE和APN(P<0.05)。结论 ACE、APN及baPWV预测糖尿病合并高血压发生心脑血管事件有较好的应用价值。

肱踝脉搏波传导速度与心血管危险因素的研究进展

心血管疾病(Cardiovascular Disease,CVD)已成为国内乃至全球的重大公共卫生问题。本文总结了肱踝脉搏波传导速度(brachial ankle Pulse Wave Velocity,baPWV)在CVD中的作用和预测价值,baPWV与年龄、血压、心率、血脂异常、糖尿病和慢性肾病等CVD危险因素之间的关系,以及baPWV最新临界值和不足之处。可为大规模人群使用baPWV作为预防和治疗动脉硬化及CVD的筛查工具提供理论依据,同时也提示早期对潜在CVD患者或CVD患者进行筛查管理是一个十分重要且可以实现的目标。

Changes in pulse pressure × heart rate, hs-CRP, and arterial stiffness progression in the Chinese general population: a cohort study involving 3978 employees of the Kailuan Company

Background Pulse wave velocity(PWV) is a marker of arterial stiffness, which represents sub-clinical atherosclerosis. Pulsatile stress and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP) are associated with arteriosclerosis. However, there is no prospective data confirming whether changes in pulsatile stress and inflammatory markers affect the progression of arterial stiffness. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships over time between the effects of changes in pulsatile stress and hs-CRP, and arterial stiffness progression during a 2-year follow-up. Methods We performed a longitudinal study involving 3978 participants. All participants underwent a physical examination in 2010–2011 and 2012–2013, during which we measured participants’ hs-CRP levels, brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity(ba PWV), and pulsatile stress. Results Baseline hs-CRP was correlated with ba PWV(r = 0.18, P = 0.000);however the correlation was weaker than that with systolic blood pressure(r = 0.65), pulsatile stress(r = 0.57), and rate-pressure product(r = 0.58). Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that changes in pulsatile stress, mean arterial pressure, and low-density lipoprotein-C(LDL-C) were positively correlated with changes in ba PWV, with correlation coefficients of 0.27, 0.25, and 0.07, respectively, but not with changes in hs-CRP. Moreover, each 100-a U increase in pulsatile stress, 1 mm Hg increase in mean blood pressure, and 1 mmol/L increase in LDL-C was associated with a 3 cm/s, 4.78 cm/s, and 17.37 cm/s increase in ba PWV, respectively. Conclusions Pulsatile stress increases are associated with arterial stiffness progression, but that changes in hs-CRP had no effect on arterial stiffness progression. Hs-CRP may simply be a marker of inflammation in arterial stiffness and has no association with arterial stiffness progression.

估算的脉搏波传导速度对新发心力衰竭的影响

目的:探讨估算的脉搏波传导速度(ePWV)对新发心力衰竭的影响。方法:以参加2006年7月至2007年10月健康体检、无心力衰竭病史且资料完整的98269例开滦集团公司职工为观察队列,平均随访(13.85±1.40)年。将研究人群按e PWV四分位数分为四组:即Q1组(e PWV<12.54 m/s,n=24567)、Q2组(12.54 m/s≤ePWV<13.95 m/s,n=24567)、Q3组(13.95 m/s≤ePWV<15.44 m/s,n=24568)和Q4组(ePWV≥15.44m/s,n=24567),计算各组新发心力衰竭的发病密度。在校正传统心血管危险因素(包括性别、吸烟、饮酒、体育锻炼、文化程度、心血管家族史、心肌梗死病史、脑卒中病史、体重指数、总胆固醇、空腹血糖、血尿酸和C反应蛋白)后,采用多因素Cox回归模型分析e PWV对新发心力衰竭的影响。结果:随着ePWV四分位组的递增,新发心力衰竭的发病密度呈递增趋势,分别为0.48/千人年、1.21/千人年、2.45/千人年和5.42/千人年。在校正性别、吸烟、饮酒等传统心血管危险因素后,ePWV每增加1 m/s,心力衰竭的发生风险增加37%(HR=1.37,95%CI:1.34~1.39,P<0.01)。进一步分析显示,无论有无传统心血管危险因素、男性还是女性、青中年(<52岁)还是中老年(≥52岁),ePWV均与新发心力衰竭的发生存在显著关联(P均<0.01)。结论:ePWV是新发心力衰竭的独立危险因素。

上肢脉搏波传导速度与脉图参数关联性研究

目的探究上肢脉搏波传导速度(ulPWV)特征价值及不同脉搏波传导速度(PWV)与脉图参数的关系。方法同步采集82名健康人上肢不同部位多信号波形,利用Matlab提取传导时间与脉图参数,结合传导距离计算6种ulPWV,观察其分布情况并比较左右侧差异;对不同PWV之间的关系进行双变量相关分析,对不同PWV与脉图参数的关系进行典型相关分析。结果心臂脉搏波速度(hbPWV)、心桡脉搏波速度(hrPWV)与心指脉搏波速度(hfPWV)变异率小,可能是较为稳定的ulPWV指标。健康人ulPWV左右侧差异均无统计学意义,不同ulPWV与对应的动脉血管类型及动脉壁构成特点有关,富含主动脉弹性信息的hbPWV最低,反映肌性中小动脉硬度的臂桡脉搏波速度(brPWV)最高,对应手部末梢循环的桡指脉搏波速度(rfPWV)有其特异性。典型相关分析结果显示,PWV指标与脉图参数的集合变量间相关(R=0.612,P=0.004),hbPWV、臂踝脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)与h3/h1正相关、与h5/h1负相关,hrPWV与h4/h1正相关,且hbPWV对PWV集合变量的权重系数大于baPWV。结论健康人左右侧ulPWV反映的动脉血管硬度相近,且不同ulPWV反映对应血管的生理结构特点。健康人不同PWV与脉图参数相关,主动脉硬度信息有可能从“寸口”桡动脉处获取,两者可从中医脉诊和现代医学2个维度结合用于血管健康状况的评价。

原发性高血压患者血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数与动脉硬化进展的相关性研究

目的:探索原发性高血压患者血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数(plasma atherogenic index AIP)的影响因素,并研究此类患者中AIP与动脉硬化进展的相关性。方法:本研究为回顾性研究,连续选取2018年3月至2021年3月,柳州市柳铁中心医院收治的原发性高血压患者104例,男性78例,女性26例。根据患者基线AIP指数(中位数=2.8)分为高AIP组和低AIP组,比较两组基线资料及臂踝脉搏波流速(brachial ankle pulse wave velocity,ba-PWV)差异,并利用多因素Logistic回归模型分析动脉硬化(ba-PWV>1800cm/s)的影响因素。同时进行了随访,比较两组患者动脉硬化的进展差异,探索AIP与动脉硬化进展的关系。结果:两组基线资料比较发现:高AIP组[4.2(2.8,7.8)]较低AIP组[1.7(-0.3,2.8)]男性比例更大(84.6%vs.65.4%,P=0.024),BMI更大[(30.2±4.1)vs.(28.4±3.5)kg/m^(2),P=0.016],TG[2.1(1.3,3.9)vs.1.6(1.2,3.2)]mmol/L,P<0.001和ba-PWV[(1765.1±240.9)vs.(1457.2±218.4)cm/s,P<0.001]水平和ba-PWV变化率[25.0(-13.5,55.2)vs.9.3(-24.9,25.2)cm·s^(-1)·year^(-1),P<0.001]更高,动脉硬化比例更大(36.5%vs.17.3%,P=0.027)。余变量组间均差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示:在调整了混杂因素后,高AIP组动脉硬化风险更大(OR=1.34,95%CI:1.07~2.03,P=0.013)。广义相加模型显示AIP与ba-PWV变化率存有剂量效应关系,在AIP指<3时,AIP每增加1个单位,ba-PWV变化率增加18.92 cm·s^(-1)·year^(-1);在AIP指数≥3时,AIP每增加1个单位,ba-PWV变化率增加1.72cm·s^(-1)·year^(-1)。结论:高AIP的原发性高血压患者年龄及ba-PWV更大,AIP增大与动脉硬化风险增加相关。高AIP患者其动脉硬化进展更快,ba-PWV变化率更大,且存在剂量效应关系:当AIP≥3时,其ba-PWV变化率的增长显著低于AIP<3时。综上,在原发性高血压患者中,AIP对于评估动脉硬化水平及其进展存在一定临床价值。

肱踝脉搏波传导速度在血液透析患者中的意义

目的分析肱踝脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)在血液透析患者中的意义。方法选取2016年3月至2018年3月在我院血透中心长期规律行血液透析的228例患者作为研究对象,将baPWV高于平均值的患者纳入高baPWV组(101例),低于平均值的患者纳入低baPWV组(127例)。分析baPWV与临床相关指标的关系;分析影响血液透析患者预后的因素。结果高baPWV组的年龄、透析前收缩压、磷、全段甲状旁腺激素(iPTH)、总胆固醇水平高于低baPWV组,白蛋白水平低于低baPWV组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Cox回归分析显示,年龄>60岁、透析前收缩压>141.25 mmHg、baPWV>23.17 m/s是影响血液透析患者预后的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论高baPWV与血液透析患者的多种临床指标相关,且是预测患者预后的独立危险因素,具有重要的临床意义。

高血压动脉弹性功能与血压控制程度的相关性研究

目的探讨高血压动脉弹性功能与血压控制程度相关性。方法将2022年1—12月在福建省三明市中西医结合医院心内科治疗的80例原发性高血压(essential hypertension,EH)患者作为研究对象,根据高血压分级标准进行分组,A组1级EH(n=30),B组2级EH(n=25),C组3级EH(n=25),将同期50名健康体检者作为D组。对比四组的动脉弹性各指标、不同脉压EH的动脉弹性各指标与血压及脉压的相关性。结果A组、B组、C组肱踝脉搏波传导速度(brachial-ankle pulse wave conduction velocity,BaPWV)、踝肱指数(anklebrachial index,ABI)高于D组(P<0.05);≥80 mmHg脉压患者BaPWV、ABI指标与其他亚组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关分析显示,BaPWV、ABI与血压分级呈轻度正相关(P<0.05),与脉压中至高度呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论EH动脉弹性功能与脉压呈负相关,脉压越高,动脉弹性越差,引发心血管疾病的风险越高,临床应加强脉压监测,早期防治脉压升高。

血浆致动脉硬化指数与臂-踝脉搏波传导速度在早发冠心病发生及其冠状动脉病变程度中的评估价值

目的探讨血浆致动脉硬化指数(AIP)与臂-踝脉搏波传导速度(ba-PWV)在早发冠心病(PCAD)的发生及其冠状动脉病变程度中的评估价值。方法收集2020年12月至2021年12月因胸痛疑诊冠心病在新疆医科大学第一附属医院住院行冠状动脉造影(CAG)检查且男性<55岁,女性<65岁的患者336例,根据CAG确诊早发冠心病(PCAD)组163例,其中急性冠状动脉综合征92例(56.4%),稳定型冠心病71例(43.6%),未达冠心病诊断标准的173例患者设为对照组。又根据Gensini评分分为A组(0分)129例、B组(1-14分)126例、C组(>14分)81例。对各组间一般临床资料与相关实验室检查进行统计学分析。采用logistic回归模型筛选PCAD的独立危险因素,并进一步分析AIP及ba-PWV对PCAD的诊断价值。结果与对照组相比,PCAD组AIP、ba-PWV等均明显偏高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关分析显示,AIP、ba-PWV与Gensini评分均呈正相关(rs分别为0.321、0.440,均P<0.05)。Logistic多因素回归分析显示,ba-PWV、AIP、吸烟、糖尿病、Hcy等均为PCAD的独立危险因素(均P<0.05);以AIP联合ba-PWV绘制的ROC曲线下面积为0.780(95%CI 0.730~0.830,P<0.05),敏感度和特异度分别为70.60%、77.50%。结论AIP及ba-PWV均为PCAD的独立危险因素,二者联合时可以提高诊断PCAD的敏感度,且二者与冠状动脉病变程度均呈正相关。

高血压患者动脉僵硬度与尿白蛋白升高的关系

目的探讨社区高血压人群动脉僵硬度与尿白蛋白升高的相关性。方法2019年9月至2019年11月在江苏省张家港市南丰镇和大新镇选取年龄>45岁的786例高血压患者。根据臂踝脉搏波速度(baPWV)的四分位数分为四组,包括PWVⅠ组(PWV<1552.8 cm/s,197例)、PWVⅡ组(PWV为1552.8~1733.5 cm/s,196例)、PWVⅢ组(PWV为1733.6~1949.0 cm/s,196例)和PWVⅣ组(PWV>1949.0 cm/s,197例)。主要观察尿白蛋白升高,定义为尿白蛋白与肌酐比值(UACR)≥30 mg/g。以PWVⅠ组作为参照组,采用多因素logistic回归模型分别计算其他三组发生尿白蛋白升高的风险。进一步采用亚组分析探讨不同亚组间baPWV和尿白蛋白升高的相关性。结果与低baPWV者比较,高baPWV者的年龄偏大、男性偏多、饮酒者偏多、收缩压偏高、空腹血糖偏高、UACR水平更高(均为P<0.05)。Spearman相关性分析结果显示,baPWV和UACR水平呈正相关(rs=0.205,P<0.001)。单因素和多因素logistic回归分析均显示,baPWV与尿白蛋白升高显著相关(均为P<0.05)。调整变量后,以PWVⅠ组作为参考,PWVⅣ组的尿白蛋白升高的风险最高(OR=1.84,95%CI:1.10~3.10)。结论在高血压患者中,baPWV与尿白蛋白升高显著相关。

臂踝脉搏波传导速度变化对慢性肾脏病的影响

目的:探讨臂踝脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)变化对估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)下降、蛋白尿和慢性肾脏病(CKD)的影响。方法:入选2006~2018年开滦研究队列中完成健康体检并行两次baPWV检测的8182例职工为研究对象,并依据两次体检baPWV的变化分为baPWV持续低组(n=3139,两次体检时baPWV均<1400 cm/s)、baPWV降低组(n=567,第一次体检时baPWV≥1400 cm/s但第二次体检时<1400 cm/s)、baPWV升高组(n=1020,第一次体检时baPWV<1400 cm/s但第二次体检时≥1400 cm/s)、baPWV持续高组(n=3456,两次体检时baPWV均≥1400 cm/s)。采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨baPWV变化对e GFR下降、蛋白尿和CKD的影响。结果:baPWV持续低组、baPWV降低组、baPWV升高组、baPWV持续高组人群eGFR下降的检出率分别为0.88%、1.81%、1.91%、4.33%,蛋白尿的检出率分别为3.69%、5.52%、3.96%、8.66%,CKD的检出率分别为4.27%、6.88%、5.59%、12.04%;组间差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,与baPWV持续低组相比,baPWV持续高组eGFR下降、蛋白尿和CKD的OR(95%CI)分别为[1.73(1.01~2.95),P<0.01]、[1.36(0.95~1.93),P>0.05]、[1.42(1.05~1.93),P<0.01]。结论:baPWV增加是e GFR下降和CKD的危险因素。