Newtonian Limit in Generalized Brans-Dicke Theory

Newtonian limit in the generalised Jorclan-Brans-Dicke theory is discussed,and some ambiguities are clarified.

Effect of Cereal Brans Supplementation on Quality Characteristics of Various Indigenous Products

The effect of using different cereal brans （wheat, rice, oat and their combination） at different levels （0, 5, 10%） in different indigenous products （Balushahi, Mathi, Kulcha and Paratha） on color, texture and sensory quality was studied. The addition of cereal bran decreased the ＂L＂ values and increased the ＂a＂ value of all the developed indigenous products. Supplementation of different cereal bran had significant effect on texture of the developed indigenous products. Overall hardness of the products decreased with addition of cereal brans. Among various cereal bran levels used, 10% supplementation showed maximum hardness in all types of products. Cereal bran supplementation significantly improved the protein and fibre content of all indigenous products. On the basis of physical analysis and sensory attributes, it was concluded that cereal brans can be substituted upto 5% （rice bran and bran in combination） and 10% levels （wheat bran and oat bran） in whole wheat flour and maida for developing indigenous products without adversely affecting quality attributes.

Traversable Lorentzian Wormholes in Brans-Dicke’s and Induced Gravity Theories

We generalize Visser’s method to construct traversable Lorentzian wormholes from surgically modified Friedman-Robertson-Walker spacetimes in both Brans-Dicke’s theory and induced theory of Gravity.Our result shows,in both cases,the exotic matter is unavoidable to occur at the throats of the wormholes.

Third Quantization of a Solvable Model in Quantum Cosmology in Brans-Dicke Theory

In this paper we constructed the formula of the third quantization of a solvable model in quantum cosmology based on the Brans-Dicke theory and got an abnormal distribution.

A New Traversable Wormhole Solution in Vacuum Brans-Dicke Theory

A new set of exact solutions in vacuum Brans-Dicke theory is obtained,which is a two-way traversable wormhole for the coupling parameterω(ω<-2).This new set of exact solutions satisfies not only the general constraints on the shape function b(R)and the redshift functionφ(R)given by Morris and Thorne[Am.J.Phys.56(1988)395],but also the constraints on them from a trip through wormhole.It also follows that the scalar field φ plays a role of exotic mat ter violating the weak energy condition.

Wormhole Solution in Vacuum Brans-Dicke Theory with Cosmological Constant

In this paper,we give an Euclidean wormhole solution in the Brans-Dicke theory with cosmological constant.We show that this wormhole is unlike all the others,its configuration is non-static.The throat radius of the wormhole will increase as Euclidan cosmic time increases.

Bianchi Type-II, VIII &IX Perfect Fluid Cosmological Models in Brans Dicke Theory of Gravitation

Field equations in the presence of perfect fluid distribution are obtained in a scalar tensor theory of gravitation proposed by Brans and Dicke[1] with the aid of Bianchi type-II, VIII & IX metrics. Exact prefect fluid Bianchi type- IX cosmological model is presented since other models doesn’t exist in Brans-Dicke scalar tensor theory of gravitation. Some physical properties of the model are also discussed.

Brans-Dicke宇宙中的轻子数生成(英文)

讨论了Brans-Dicke理论中的辅助性标量φ在宇宙的重子数不对称起源中所扮演的可能角色。在Morganstern关于Brans-Dicke(BD)宇宙学的一系列工作的基础上,讨论了这个引力性标量场的导数和重子流J_B~μ或者“重子-轻子”流J_(B-L)~μ的耦合效应。发现由这个耦合形成的自发重子数生成机制,只要其中大统一发生的时标足够提前,就可以产生足够的重子数不对称n_B/s～10^(-10)。此外,也研究了由Davoudiasl引进的里奇标量R的导数和重子流之间的相互作用耦合在辐射为主的BD宇宙中的重子数生成效应。结果表明,在此情况下因为R不再为零也同样可以获得重子数的不对称,从而不同于爱因斯坦宇宙框架下的相关结论。

Hypersurface Homogeneous Space Time with Anisotropic Dark Energy in Brans Dicke Theory of Gravitation

The main purpose of the present paper is to explore hypersurface homogenous space time in Brans Dicke theory of gravitation in terms of the dark energy source. To obtain solution of the field equation, we have taken into account the relation between φ and the average scale factor a. The volumetric expansions are considered to get deterministic solutions. Physical properties of the models are also discussed in detail.

Static Axially Symmetric Models and Structure Scalars in Self-Interacting Brans–Dicke Gravity

This paper investigates static axially symmetric models in self-interacting Brans-Dicke gravity. We discuss physically feasible sources of models, derive field equations as well as evolution equations from Bianchi identities and construct structure scalars. Using these scalars and evolution equations, the inhomogeneity factors of the system are evaluated. It is found that structure scalars related to double dual of Riemann tensor control the density inhomogeneity. Finally, we obtain exact solutions of homogenous isotropic and inhomogeneous anisotropic spheroid models. It turns out that homogenous solutions reduce to Schwarzschild type interior solutions for a spherical case. We conclude that homogenous models involve homogenous distribution of scalar field whereas inhomogeneous correspond to inhomogeneous sca/ar field.

Modified Holographic Ricci Dark Energy in Chameleon Brans–Dicke Cosmology and Its Thermodynamic Consequence

The objective of this paper is to discuss the Chameleon Brans–Dicke gravity with non-minimally matter coupling of scalar field. We take modified Holographic Ricci dark energy model in this gravity with its energy density in interaction with energy density of cold dark matter. We assume power-law ansatz for scale factor and scalar field to discuss potential as well as coupling functions in the evolving universe. These reconstructed functions are plotted versus scalar field and time for different values of power component of scale factor n. We observe that potential and coupling functions represent increasing behavior, in particular, consistent results for a specific value of n. Finally, we have examined validity of the generalized second law of thermodynamics and we have observed its validity for all values of n.

Antioxidant potential of brans of twenty-nine red and white rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties of Sri Lanka

Objective: To evaluate antioxidant properties of brans of twenty-nine red and white rice varieties of Sri Lanka. Methods: Brans of 21 new improved (NI), 2 old improved (OI) and 6 traditional red and white rice varieties of Sri Lanka were studied for range of antioxidant properties. The studied antioxidant properties included total polyphenolic content (TPC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazine (DPPH) radical scavenging activity in vitro. Bran of black rice variety from Korea was also studied for the same antioxidant properties for comparison. Results: Results exhibited significantly high ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities and 10, 7 and 2.5 fold greater TPC, FRAP and ORAC activities in brans of red rices (BRRs) compared to brans of white rices irrespective of NI, OI and traditional rice types. Among BRRs traditional varieties had greater ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities and 1.7, 1.3 and 1.2 fold respectively greater TPC, FRAP and ORAC in contrast to NI red rices. Traditional red rice varieties, Kalu Heeneti (TPC and ORAC), Pachchaperumal (TPC and DPPH) and Kurulu Thuda (DPPH) and OI red rice variety H4 (FRAP) exhibited the highest activities for the antioxidant properties studied. Further, these varieties had significantly high activities compared to black rice. Conclusions: In conclusion, BRRs especially traditional red rices had greater antioxidant properties and consumption may be useful in managing various chronic diseases.

Gut microbiota remodeling drived by dietary millet protein prevents the metabolic syndrome

Metabolic syndrome(Met S)is a chronic disease associated with the disturbance of gut microbiota homeostasis.Metabolites derived from gut microbes play essential roles in Met S prevention and therapy.Here,we focused on the inhibitory effect of the extract of millet bran protein(EMBP)on a high-fat diet(HFD)-induced Met S,aiming to identify gut microbiota and their metabolites that involve in the anti-Met S activity of EMBP.The obesity,chronic inflammation,insulin resistance in Met S mouse models were abolished after EMBP treatment.The protective mechanism of EMBP against HFD-induced Met S may depend on improved gut barrier function.Using microbiome analysis,we found that EMBP supplementation improved gut microbiome dysbiosis in Met S mice,specifically upregulating Bacteroides acidifaciens.The fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)also demonstrated this phenomenon.In addition,metabolomic analysis showed that EMBP mediates metabolic profiling reprogramming in Met S mice.Notably,a microbiota-derived metabolite,gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA),is enriched by EMBP.In addition,exogenous GABA treatment produced a similar protective effect to EMBP by improving NRF2-dependent gut barrier function to protect HFDinduced Met S.The results suggest that EMBP suppress host Met S by remodeling of gut microbiota as an effective candidate for next-generation medicine food dual purpose dietary supplement to intervene in MetS.

Valorization of wheat bran arabinoxylan: A review on nutritional and materials perspectives

Wheat bran, a principal byproduct of flour milling, stands as an abundant source of dietary fiber, yet its economic potential remains under-exploited in current forage applications. Arabinoxylan(AX), constituting the core of dietary fiber, emerges as a versatile compound with multifaceted functionalities. Its nutritional significance,coupled with its role in cereal food processing, has prompted a surge of studies focusing on the valorization of wheat bran AX. Moreover, the hydrolyzed derivative, arabinoxylan oligosaccharides(AXOS), demonstrates prebiotic and antioxidant properties, offering potential avenues to mitigate the risk of chronic diseases. This review summarizes current knowledge on the valorization of wheat bran AX in terms of the processing and nutritional properties of AX. Moreover, multiple novel applications of AX in the materials area, including biodegradable food packaging films, delivery of bioactive substances as nanoparticles, and the manufacture of food emulsifiers, are also highlighted to extend the utilization of AX. This review underscores the immense potential of wheat bran AX, advocating for its exploitation not only as a nutritional asset but also as a primary ingredient in advanced materials. The synthesis of nutritional and materials perspectives accentuates the multifaceted utility of wheat bran AX, thereby paving the way for sustainable valorization pathways. By unraveling the latent potential within AX, this paper advocates for the holistic and sustainable utilization of wheat bran in diverse, value-added applications.

5维标量张量时空的Killing约化

将4维Brans Dicke理论推广到5维,得到一个5维的标量张量理论,并对具有一个超曲面正交的类空 Killing对称性的5维Brans Dicke理论进行了约化,得到了相应的4维的作用量和场方程.

Braun式吻合在腹腔镜下远端胃切除术中的应用

目的:探讨Braun式吻合在腹腔镜下远端胃切除术中的可行性及应用价值。方法:回顾分析2014年11月至2016年5月应用腹腔镜下远端胃切除术的50例胃癌患者的临床资料,对照组25例采用BillorthⅡ式吻合,观察组25例采用BillorthⅡ式吻合+Braun式吻合,比较2组手术情况及术后相关并发症。结果:2组胃癌根治术均在腹腔镜下顺利完成。2组手术时间、术中出血、切口长度、清扫淋巴结数目无显著性差异(均P>0.05),观察组住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组术后反流性胃炎发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:Braun吻合在远端胃切除中能有效降低碱性反流性胃炎和十二指肠残端破裂等并发症,减少患者住院时间,值得临床推广。

Effect of Application of a Bacteria Inoculant and Wheat Bran on Fermentation Quality of Peanut Vine Ensiled Alone or with Corn Stover

To find an effective method for ensiling peanut vine （PV）, fermentation characteristics and nutritional values of PV silage and the mixture of PV with corn stover （CS） silage in a ratio of 1 ： 1 fresh weight, prepared by adding lactic acid bacteria （LAB）, 10% wheat bran （WB） and LAB＋WB at ensiling were evaluated in 2009 and 2010. The fermentation qualities of PV silage ensiled with the LAB and WB additives were improved compared with those of the control （PV ensiled alone）. However, the pH did not decline to the critical level of 4.2, and the nutritional values of the silage were not protected against losses in the LAB and WB addition silages. Ensiling PV in mixture with CS generated optimal moisture content and buffering capacity （BC） of ensiled materials. After adding the LAB and WB additives to mixture silage, especially adding LAB＋WB, the fermentation qualities and nutritional values of the mixture silage were improved significantly （P〈0.05）, and the Flieg＇s score reached to 99. The result suggested that it is a feasible method to ensile the mixed materials of PV with CS by adding LAB and high concentration of water soluble-carbohydrate materials for providing a good fermentation quality of PV silage.

Rice Bran Oil: Emerging Trends in Extraction, Health Benefit, and Its Industrial Application

Rice bran oil(RBO)is unique among edible vegetable oils because of its unique fatty acid composition,phenolic compound(γ-oryzanol,ferulic acid)and vitamin E(tocopherol and tocotrienol).It has become a great choice of cooking oil because of its very high burning point,neutral taste and delicate flavour.Non-conventional methods of RBO extraction are more efficient and environmentally friendly than conventional extraction methods.Advances in RBO extraction using innovative extraction strategies like super/sub-critical CO_(2),microwave-assisted,subcritical H_(2)O,enzyme-assisted aqueous and ultrasoundassisted aqueous extraction methods have proven to significantly improve the yields along with improved nutritional profile of RBO.The compositions and strategies for stabilization of RBO are well discussed.The constituents are present in the RBO contribute to antioxidative,anti-inflammatory,antimicrobial,antidiabetic and anti-cancerous properties to RBO.This has helped RBO to become an important substrate for the application in food(cooking oil,milk product and meat product)and non-food industries(polymer,lubricant,biofuel,structural lipid and cosmetic).This review provided comprehensive information on RBO extraction methods,oil stabilization,existing applications and health benefits.

A comprehensive review on anti-diabetic property of rice bran

Rice bran(RB) is one of the nutrient-rich agricultural byproducts. It is a composite of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, fibers, minerals, and trace elements such as phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium and manganese. The extraction and purification process influences the quality and quantity of rice bran oil, which is rich in tocopherols, tocotrienols, 毭-oryzanol, and unsaturated fatty acids. The bioactive components of RB have been reported for exhibiting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolemic, anti-cancer, anti-colitis, and antidiabetic properties. In vitro and in vivo studies, and clinical trials in human volunteers revealed the anti-hyperglycemic activity of RB derived compounds. An updated comprehensive review on the antidiabetic property of RB and its derivative is required to appraise the current knowledge in the particular field. Thus, the present paper covered the composition and bioactivities of RB, and influence of extraction methods on the biological property of rice bran oil and rice bran extract. And the current review also focused on the reported antihyperglycemia activity of rice bran derivatives, and its probable mechanism.

Enzymatic Synthesis of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters from Crude Rice Bran Oil with Immobilized Candida sp. 99-125

The non-edible crude rice bran oil was extracted from white rice bran, and then was catalyzed by immobilized lipase for biodiesel production in this study. The effects of water content, oil/methanol molar ratio, temperature, enzyme amount, solvent,number of methanol added times and two-step methanolysis by using Candida sp. 99-125 as catalyst were investigated. The optimal conditions for processing 1 g rice bran oil were: 0.2 g immobilized lipase, 2 ml n-hexane as solvent, 20% water based on the rice bran oil mass, temperature of 40 °C and two-step addition of methanol. As a result, the fatty acid methyl esters yield was 87.4%. The immobilized lipase was proved to be stable when it was used repeatedly for 7 cycles.